DRAFT DREISSENID MUSSEL RAPID RESPONSE ACTION PLAN PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Northwestern Division PPLPL-C-2018-0062 July 2019 Table of Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background Information ..................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Dreissenid Mussel Presence and Life History in North American ................ 2 1.1.2 Invasion Risk ............................................................................................... 4 1.1.3 Effects of the Establishment of Dreissenid Mussels in the Four State Area 7 1.1.4 Current Prevention Efforts ......................................................................... 13 1.1.5 Need for coordinated action and path forward ........................................... 14 1.1.6 Authority .................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Purpose and Need ........................................................................................... 16 2 Alternatives ............................................................................................................ 17 2.1 Alternative 1 – No Action (Current Practice)..................................................... 17 2.1.1 Action Area ................................................................................................ 18 2.1.2 Alternative Description ............................................................................... 18 2.1.3 Alternative Activities .................................................................................. 18 2.1.4 Project Timeline ......................................................................................... 19 2.1.5 Impact Minimization Measures .................................................................. 19 2.2 Alternative 2 - The Corps implements a Rapid Response Plan upon discovery of invasive dreissenid mussels within Corps controlled water resources projects and related facilities in the Columbia River Basin. ............................................................ 20 2.2.1 Action Area ................................................................................................ 20 2.2.2 Alternative 2 Description ............................................................................ 21 2.2.3 Alternative 2 Activities................................................................................ 22 2.2.4 Impact Avoidance and Minimization Measures .......................................... 26 2.3 Alternative 3 - The Corps implements a Rapid Response Plan (Plan) and Cost Shares Implementation of the Plan with the States of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, or Washington upon discovery of invasive dreissenid mussels in any waterbody in the four-state area (Proposed Action). ............................................................................. 30 2.3.1 Action Area ................................................................................................ 31 2.3.2 Project Description .................................................................................... 31 2.4 Screening of Alternatives ................................................................................. 32 3 Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences ..................................... 34 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 34 3.1.1 Resources Not Examined in Detail ............................................................ 34 3.2 Aesthetics and the Visual Environment ............................................................ 35 3.2.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 35 3.2.2 Environmental Effects ................................................................................ 36 3.3 Aquatic Resources ........................................................................................... 39 3.3.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 39 3.3.2 Environmental effects ................................................................................ 39 3.4 Historic and Cultural Resources ....................................................................... 47 3.4.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 47 3.4.2 Environmental Effects ................................................................................ 47 3.5 Recreation ........................................................................................................ 48 3.5.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 48 3.5.2 Environmental Effects ................................................................................ 49 3.6 Socioeconomics ............................................................................................... 53 3.6.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 53 3.6.2 Environmental Effects Pertaining to Environmental Justice. ...................... 56 3.7 Terrestrial Resources ....................................................................................... 59 3.7.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 59 3.7.2 Environmental Effects ................................................................................ 60 3.8 Water Quality ................................................................................................... 65 3.8.1 Affected Environment ................................................................................ 65 3.8.2 Environmental Effects ................................................................................ 66 3.9 Cumulative Affects ........................................................................................... 69 3.9.1 Geographic and Temporal Scope of Cumulative Effects Analysis ............. 69 3.9.2 Aesthetics and the Visual Environment ..................................................... 70 3.9.3 Aquatic Resources .................................................................................... 71 3.9.4 Recreation ................................................................................................. 72 3.9.5 Socioeconomics ........................................................................................ 72 3.9.6 Terrestrial Resources and Wildlife ............................................................. 73 3.9.7 Threatened and Endangered Species ....................................................... 73 3.9.8 Water Quality ............................................................................................. 74 4 Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations ............................................... 75 4.1 Treaties and Native American Tribes ............................................................... 75 4.2 Federal Laws .................................................................................................... 76 4.2.1 National Environmental Policy Act ............................................................. 76 4.2.2 Endangered Species Act ........................................................................... 76 4.2.3 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940 .......................................... 78 4.2.4 Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 ................................................ 78 4.2.5 Migratory Bird Treaty Act ........................................................................... 78 4.2.6 Clean Air Act of 1970, As Amended .......................................................... 79 4.2.7 Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1972 .............................................. 79 4.2.8 Clean Water Act ........................................................................................ 79 4.2.9 National Historic Preservation Act ............................................................. 81 4.2.10 Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act ...................... 81 4.2.11 Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 ............................................................. 81 4.2.12 Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1974 ....................................................... 82 4.2.13 Safe Drinking Water Act ......................................................................... 83 4.3 Executive Orders .............................................................................................. 83 4.3.1 Executive Order 11988, Floodplain Management ...................................... 83 4.3.2 Executive Order 11990, Protection of Wetlands ........................................ 84 4.3.3 Executive Order 12898, Environmental Justice ......................................... 84 4.3.4 Executive Order 13112, Invasive Species and Executive Order 13751, Safeguiding the Nation from the Impacts of Invasive Species, December 8, 2016. 84 4.3.5 Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments.......................................................................................................... 85 5 Coordination and Consultation ............................................................................... 85 5.1 Agency / Tribal Consultation ...........................................................................