Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 407-409 (2021) (published online on 23 February 2021) First record of Pipa carvalhoi (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937) (Anura, Pipidae) in the Cerrado biome, western Bahia, northeastern Brazil Johnny S. Ferreira1,*, Raymony T.A. Serra2, Antonio F.C. Silva3, Gilda V. Andrade3, and Luiz N. Weber4 The genus Pipa Laurenti, 1768 currently comprises snout-vent length [SVL] 20.92 mm; HUFMA 2076, seven species distributed throughout northern Latin SVL 18.49 mm, Fig. 2A) from a temporary pond America, from Panama to Peru and Bolivia, and (12.1972ºS, 44.9544ºW; elevation 551 m), in the Venezuela to northeastern Brazil, including the islands Municipality of Barreiras, western State of Bahia, of Trinidad and Tobago (Trueb and Canatella, 1986; Brazil. The following day (28 February 2012) from Arzabe et al., 2010; Frost, 2020). Four species are known remnant pond of a small lake at a location near to that from Brazil—P. arrabali Izecksohn, 1976; P. carvalhoi previous (12.1550ºS, 45.0205ºW; elevation 563 m) (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937); P. pipa (Linnaeus, 1758); P. we collected another juvenile P. carvalhoi (HUFMA snethlageae Müller, 1914—but only one, P. carvalhoi, 2077, SVL 17.20) and one tadpole at Gosner stage is endemic. The distribution of P. carvalhoi stretches 42 (Gosner, 1960) (HUFMA 2078, snout-tail length from the northeastern State of Ceará, southward to the 45.65 mm, Fig. 2B). The surrounding habitat of both State of Espírito Santo, with observations originating collection sites was characterised by grasses and trees from the last ten years (e.g., Arzabe et al., 2010; Santana close to roads and pastures, and was part of a wider et al., 2014; Jorge et al., 2015; Frost, 2020), including mosaic of savannah, with pastures, forest fragments, one outside the reported distribution (Silva et al., 2010) and seasonal semi-deciduous forest, similar to what (Fig. 1). A factor common to wild observations of P. is found in Agreste vegetation (Pereira et al., 2011). carvalhoi is that the species is found in the Caatinga Specimens were collected under permit SISBIO: (semi-arid areas of thorny scrub), and Agreste vegetation 38635–1, euthanised using 5% Xylocaine, fixed using (transitional zones between the Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest) (Carvalho, 1937; Arzabe et al., 2010). Herein, we report novel observations of P. carvalhoi in the Brazilian Cerrado (savannah) biome. On 27 February 2012 (during the rainy season) we collected two juvenile P. carvalhoi (HUFMA 2075, 1 Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Avenida Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos 100, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-990, Brazil. 2 Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, Avenida Lourenço Vieira da Silva 1000, São Luís, Maranhão 65055-310, Brazil. 3 Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Avenida dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, Maranhão 65080-805, Brazil. 4 Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Instituto Sosígenes Figure 1. Distribution of Pipa carvalhoi in Brazil. Current Costa de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências, BR 367, Km 10, known distribution across the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest Porto Seguro, Bahia 458100-000, Brazil. biomes according to IUCN is shown, as well as occurrence in * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] the State of Minas Gerais, and new records (this study) in the © 2021 by Herpetology Notes. Open Access by CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Cerrado biome. 408 Johnny S. Ferreira������� et al. Figure 2. Individuals of Pipa carvalhoi. A juvenile of 20.92 mm snout-vent length (HUFMA 2075) (A); and a tadpole of 45.65 mm snout-tail length, Gosner stage 42 (HUFMA 2078) (B) from the Municipality of Barreiras, State of Bahia, Brazil. Scale bars = 10 mm. Photographs taken by Raymony Tayllon Alves Serra. 10% formalin, and stored in 70% ethanol, and placed in included among anurans that occur in the Cerrado, one the Coleção de Herpetologia of Universidade Federal do of Brazil’s most threatened biomes (Strassburg et al., Maranhão (HUFMA) in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. 2017). Identification of juvenile specimens was confirmed by the presence of quadripartite fingertips and numerous Acknowledgments. We are grateful to the Projeto Girinos do fang-like teeth on the premaxillae and maxillae (Sokol, Brasil (Edital SISBIOTA: Process number CNPq 563075/20104 1977; Dubeux et al., 2020). Identification of the larvae and FAPESP 2010/523217) for logistical support during the surveys in the Municipality of Barreiras. We thank Dr. Ulisses was confirmed by its flat, broad head, eyes situated Caramaschi (Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional/ immediately behind the snout, and the presence of two UFRJ) for confirming the identification of the specimens. G.V.A. remaining spiracles on each side of the head (Sokol, is grateful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico 1977; Dubeux et al., 2020), although these were closed e Tecnológico for a research fellowship (CNPq/PQ/312286/2015- due to the late developmental stage. 5). A.F.C.S. is grateful to FAPEMA (Fundação de Amparo à To the best of our knowledge our observations are Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do currently the westernmost records for P. carvalhoi, and Maranhão) for the research grant granted. extend the species’ distribution ca. 990 km from its type locality in the State of Pernambuco and ca. 553 References km from the previously known distribution limit in the Arzabe, C., Skuk, G., Beier, M. (2010): Pipa carvalhoi. The IUCN Municipality of Boa Nova, State of Bahia (Arzabe et al., Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T58160A11728418. 2010). Importantly, the presence of juveniles and larvae Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS. indicate reproductive activity in the Cerrado biome, a T58160A11728418.en. Accessed on 19 July 2019. previously unknown habitat for P. carvalhoi, albeit Carvalho, A.L. (1937): Notas ecológicas e zoogeográficas sobre within a niche similar to that in which it is usually known vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. O Campo 1937: 12–15. Dubeux, M.J., Nascimento, F.A.C., Lima, L.R., Magalhães, F.M., to occur, i.e. Agreste vegetation (Arzabe et al., 2010; Silva, I.R.S., Gonçalves, U., et al. (2020): Morphological Santana et al., 2014). Although P. carvalhoi appears to characterization and taxonomic key of tadpoles (Amphibia: persist in relatively impacted environments (Arzabe et Anura) from the northern region of the Atlantic Forest. Biota al., 2010; Santana et al., 2014), the species can now be Neotropica 20(2): 1–24. First record of Pipa carvalhoi in the Cerrado biome, western Bahia, Brazil 409 Frost, D.R. (2020): Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Available at: http://research.amnh.org/ herpetology/amphibia/index.html. Accessed 14 April 2020. Gosner, K.L. 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