2019 Insect Report UTAH DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD DIVISION OF PLANT INDUSTRY LARGE PINE WEEVIL H y l o b i u s a b i e ti s ( L i n n a e u s ) PROGRAM 2019 PARTNERS Insect Report MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEE- TLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAW- YER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDITERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EU- ROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - AP- PLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAWYER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDI- TERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EUROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAWYER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDITERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EUROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAWYER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDITERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EUROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAWYER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDITERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EUROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN HONEY BEE - BLACK FIR SAWYER - GRASSHOPPER - MEDITERRANEAN PINE ENGRAVER - SIX-TOOTHED BARK BEETLE - NUN MOTH - EUROPEAN GRAPEVINE MOTH - SIBERIAN SILK MOTH - PINE TREE LAPPET - MORMON CRICKET - VELVET LONGHORNED BEETLE - EMERALD ASH BORER - NUN MOTH - JAPANESE BEETLE - PINE SHOOT BEETLE - APPLE MAGGOT - GYPSY MOTH - PLUM CURCULIO - CHERRY FRUIT FLY - LARGE PINE WEEVIL - LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH - ROSY GYPSY MOTH - EUROPEAN USDA CENTER FOR PLANT HEALTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UTAH DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD UTAH STATE HORTICULTURE JANUARY 2020 ASSOCIATION i CONTENTS 1 Message from the Manager State Entomologist Kristopher Watson discusses how the UDAF Insect Program protects agriculture and improves Utah’s quality of life. 2 At a Glance Accomplishments A brief summary of UDAF Insect Program activities. FEATURED 8 The Orchard Sentinel Survey ARTICLES The UDAF Insect Program monitors for invasive and native pests in Utah’s multi-million dollar fruit industry. 14 Entomology Lab 3 The Utah Apiary Program The UDAF Entomology Lab utilizes expert staff and the latest State and county governments have worked in technology to support the Insect Program’s goals. together for 125 years to protect honey bees. Today’s program takes a 21st century approach 18 Grasshopper and Mormon Cricket to helping bees. Suppression 9 Japanese Beetle Strikes Back Eradication of the invasive beetle was declared State and federal governments partner with private in Utah over five years ago. In 2019, a new landowners to control rangeland pests. population was detected. State agricultural officials are determined to vanquish the pest 27 European Corn Borer once again. Utah’s quarantine continues to protect the state’s corn 15 Invasive Defoliating Moth Watch growers. Monitoring efforts focus attention on European gypsy moth and related moths that are poten- 28 Insect Program Staff and Seasonal Crew tial pests of the state’s urban and managed Photo forest canopies. 19 Velvet Longhorned Beetle 29 Plant Industry Contact Information When an invasive beetle was detected in Utah a decade ago, a multi-agency partnership 30 Citations formed. After years of trapping and research, efforts begin to come to an end. 31 Web Resources 23 Meet the Beetles! Exotic wood boring beetles pose a serious threat to Utah’s urban and natural forests. Invasive insect detection is the first step in preventing their establishment. ii Message from the Manager State Entomologist Kristopher Watson discusses how the UDAF Insect Program protects agriculture and improves Utah’s quality of life. n behalf of the Utah Department In 2019, UDAF identified JB at multiple loca- pression. This spring we sent out a of Agriculture and Food (UDAF) tions in Salt Lake and Davis counties. In re- “statewide pest alert” reminding bee- Plant Industry’s Insect Program, sponse to these detections, our staff placed keepers of the threat of Varroa mite and thank you to all the farmers, more traps than ever to determine the extent the importance of treating for them. We Oranchers and constituents of the great state of of infestation. Without leaving behind other will continue providing inspections and Utah that support and protect our agricultural pest priorities and obligations, the JB popula- information to our registered beekeepers, and natural resources from new invasive and tions detected will be our number one focus in so don’t forget to register your bees every endemic agriculture pests. UDAF has been 2020. We have had success eradicating this year. Also, please thank a county bee addressing insect issues since pioneer agricul- pest before; in fact UDAF conducted the larg- inspector for their efforts, as they are ture began in Utah over 160 years ago. With est eradication program in the nation with over critical in making this program a success. your support, we have managed to find small 2,000 beetles captured in the city of Orem in I cannot thank our staff enough as they contin- populations of new invasive pests, such as 2007. After years of diligent eradication ue to work hard to protect, monitor and con- Japanese beetle (JB) and gypsy moth (GM), and efforts, which included communication, treat- trol invasive pests and diseases in an effort to prevent their establishment before they could ment, quarantine and surveillance, UDAF de- maintain a competitive market, minimize loss- impact our state for generations to come. The clared success during the fall of 2014. With es and protect the future of agriculture in the importance of early detection and rapid re- less than 50 beetles captured in 2019, we are state. As we are challenged by new invasive sponse is critical to the success of future pro- optimistic that with the same attentiveness, pests moving forward, I give you my commit- jects and the viability of agriculture. UDAF has effort and support, Utah will remain free of this ment, as well as that of the Insect Program been delegated the extremely difficult task of destructive pest for years to come. staff, to do our absolute best to safeguard the controlling and eradicating pests that threaten It may go without saying that JB detections social, environmental and economic integrity our natural resources and food supply. Inva- were our most disturbing discovery this year. of the state of Utah. With your help, we will sive pests and diseases are moving around the However our program has been extremely continue to protect the state’s agricultural world at an alarming rate, due to the growth of busy with other priorities as well. industries, food supply and our quality of life commerce and world-wide trade. These devel- from endemic and invasive species for years to opments have created new pathways for pest After nearly a decade of research and come. introduction unlike anything before. development on the recently introduced pest velvet longhorned beetle (VLB), It comes with my deepest respect, in which I Additional changes in monoculture farming, UDAF has helped create an effective trap say, thank you! weather patterns and climate all contribute to and lure method. This trap is now being agricultural losses and threaten our resource used by other states to monitor for VLB. needs. Agricultural pests have the potential to Kristopher Watson impact U.S food crops much like a natural dis- Extensive trapping was conducted for GM, aster, with annual losses estimated to be be- European corn borer, orchard pests and tween 20-25% depending on host and species. exotic wood borers. No new target pests State Entomologist While many insects are beneficial and we sup- were found! port pollinators, invasive pest infestations can be devastating to agriculture as well as our Our Apiary Program continues its efforts environment. in American foulbrood and parasite sup- AT A GLANCE ACCOMPLISHMENTS COST SHARE Disruptors of Utah’s $715 million small AGREEMENTS RANGELAND PESTS grain and field crop industry. 23 TO SUPPRESS TRAPS PLACED TRAPS Serious threat to all ornamental and native TO DETECT Serious threat to all ornamental and native PLACED TO EMERALD ASH BORER ash species. EMERALD ASH BORER ash species in Utah. 5151 DETECT TRAPS PLACED TRAPSTRAPS PLACED Serious threat to all ornamental and native TO DETECT InvasivePossible and pest endemic of the state’spests of $25 the million state’s corn TO PLACEDDETECT TO EMERALD ASH BORER ash species. ORCHARDORCHARD PESTSPESTS $34harvest. million fruit industry. 517575 DETECT TRAPS TRAPS CouldIntroduction devastate could the increase$34 million control fruit indus-costs for PLACED TO TOEUROPEAN CORN BORER EUROPEAN CORN BORER try.the state’s corn industry.