Old Field Toolkit CHAPMAN PASTURE EXISTING CONDITIONS Chapman Pasture is a rolling 8-acre grassland that originates from another Toolkit site, Upper Brown- was grazed with sheep for over forty years. The ing Fields. LLCT is committed to converting the low property is unique in that its vegetation is relatively habitat value of the grasses at Chapman Pasture to a consistent: upland areas of the site are almost all diverse pollinator meadow with shrub areas. Seven non-native grasses that reach a mature height of less bird boxes at Chapman Pasture are monitored for than 3 feet. The property forms part of a contiguous Eastern Bluebirds and Tree Swallows by a dedicated 95-acre corridor of protected land owned and man- LLCT volunteer. Enhancements to the site will ben- aged by LLCT. efit these birds and wildlife at other trophic levels. Forested wetlands border the site on both northwest Due in large part to the dominance of the non-na- and southeast sides, with an intermittent stream run- tive grasses on the site, as well as the large scale of ning northward through the center of the field from the property, Landscape Interactions proposed that the southeast corner of the property. This stream, prescribed fire be used to clear the site of existing combined with the topography of the site, creates a vegetation and expose the soil for seeding. A propos- low point in the center of the field, a wet swale which al was prepared by LLCT and Landscape Interac- is comprised predominantly of native vegetation. tions and sent to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. After visiting the site and learning more about LLCT’s Whereas the upland two-thirds of the site are dom- town-wide effort to target threatened pollinator spe- inated by non-native grasses with small patches of cies, USFWS agreed to fund a burn plan for the site, early successional Pinus strobus (White pine) and and to help find a team to execute the burn. USFWS Juniperus virginiana (Eastern red cedar), this wet will clear approximately one acre of field edges in swale contains a somewhat limited range of plants preparation for the burn, which is scheduled for that support threatened pollinator species, including early spring 2021. Carex vulpinoidea (Common fox sedge), Asclepi- as incarnata (Swamp milkweed), Symphyotrichum nove-belgii (New York American-aster) and Solidago gigantea (Smooth goldenrod). Field borders and forest edges contain significant portions of invasive Celastrus orbiculatus (Oriental bittersweet) as well as Rosa multiflora (Multiflora rose). While Chapman Pasture is somewhat secluded, the site is open to the public and one point of access 46 LINCOLN POLLINATOR ACTION PLAN Nearby NEHSP Nearby NEHSP 215 Off-site 215 Off-site forested wetlands 220 forested wetlands 220 205 205 OLD PASTURE OLD PASTURE 210 210 FORESTED FORESTED WETLANDS WETLANDS 225 225 220 220 215 215 195 195 HIKING TRAIL HIKING TRAIL 200 200 INTERMITTENT STREAM INTERMITTENT 195 195 220 220 225 225 205 205 210 210 215 215 FORESTED WETLANDS 200 200 Off-site Off-site forested wetlands forested wetlands Chapman Pasture Property Wetlands Slope Analysis 0 25 50 100 Chapman Pasture Property Feet o 025 50 100 Tree Canopy Open Water 0-5% = Low Slopes Feet o Intermittent Stream SUMMARY CHAPMAN PASTURE BASEMAP 5-12% = Moderate Slopes Forested Wetlands Roads Contours (5 ft) The site has considerable topographic CHAPMAN PASTURE SLOPES + DRAINAGE Landscape Interactions variability. Steep slopes in arching bands in 12-33% = Steep Slopes the southwest and east of the site direct Landscape Interactions Pasture Stream Trails stormwater into the emergent and forested wetlands that continue off-site to the south. Project Size: 8 acres +33% = Very Steep Slopes Tree Canopy In the northern tip of the property, water is Project Size: 8 acres Buildings Contours (5 ft) Location: Lincoln, MA directed by moderate slopes to drain off- Water Movement site to the west. Location: Lincoln, MA Client: Lincoln Land Conservation Trust Marsh Meadow Client: Lincoln Land Conservation Trust Trails Nearby NEHSP Above and right: some of the site analyses created to interpret the Chap- man Pasture site and develop recommendations for habitat conversion and 215 design. Clockwise from top left: Basemap, Slopes and Drainage, Sun and Off-site 220 Shade. Below: existing conditions at the Chapman Pasture site in Septem- forested wetlands ber, 2019. Opposite: Oriental bittersweet climbing a tree at the field edges. 205 210 FORESTED WETLANDS 225 220 215 195 HIKING TRAIL 200 195 220 225 205 210 215 200 FORESTED WETLANDS Off-site forested wetlands Chapman Pasture Property Solar Analysis 025 50 100 scale 1 inch = 100 ft Feet o 0-2 hrs = Full Shade Stream 2-4 hrs = Part Shade CHAPMAN PASTURE SUN/SHADE Contours (5 ft) Range 3/21 - 9/21 4-6 hrs = Part Sun Trails Landscape Interactions +6 hrs = Full Sun Marsh Meadow Project Size: 8 acres PLANTINGTree Canopy FOR BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE RESILIENCE Location: Lincoln, MA Client: Lincoln Land Conservation Trust REMOVE EMERGENT WHITE PINES FROM FIELD SHRUBS AND TREES PLANTED NEAR EXPOSED ROCKS BEE NESTING STRIP MOWED PATH Old Field Toolkit CHAPMAN PASTURE LANDSCAPE|NTERACTIONS 16 Center Street #426 Northampton, MA 01060 landscapeinteractions.com 48 LINCOLN POLLINATOR ACTION PLAN SITE CONDITIONS DRY SOILS & MOIST TO WET SOILS PLANT SCHEDULE FULL SUN & PART SHADE TREES BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS NATURALIZED LANDSCAPE Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud 4 20` wide spacing OLD FIELD GRASSLAND Quercus ilicifolia Scrub Oak 6 15` wide spacing Salix bebbiana Beaked Willow 6 20` wide spacing Salix discolor Pussy Willow 12 8` wide spacing Salix humilis Prairie Willow 10 6` wide spacing Salix lucida Shining Willow 10 10` wide spacing Salix petiolaris Meadow Willow 10 10` wide spacing WET SWALE PLANTINGS SHRUBS BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush 10 6` wide spacing EXISTING Diervilla lonicera Northern Bush-honeysuckle 12 4` wide spacing FOREST CANOPY Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. John`s-wort 10 5` wide spacing Rosa carolina Carolina Rose 8 4` wide spacing Rosa palustris Swamp Rose 8 5` wide spacing Rosa virginiana Virginia Rose 8 5` wide spacing INTERMITTENT Rubus odoratus Purple-flowering Raspberry 8 7` wide spacing STREAM Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania Blackberry 10 6` wide spacing Rubus vermontanus Vermont Blackberry 10 4` wide spacing BEE NESTING STRIP DETAIL Spiraea alba Meadowsweet 22 3` wide spacing Spiraea tomentosa Steeplebush 22 3` wide spacing 50% LOAM / 50% SAND Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry 36 3` wide spacing TO MINIMUM DEPTH Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry 24 8` wide spacing OF 4 INCHES Vaccinium macrocarpon American Cranberry 24 2` wide spacing 20 FT Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry 24 2` wide spacing SITED NEAR Vaccinium pallidum Hillside Blueberry 100 2` wide spacing NATIVE BUNCHING GRASSES + SEDGES PERENNIALS BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Cirsium pumilum Pasture Thistle 20 1` wide spacing DEPRESSION EXISTING Eutrochium dubium Coastal Plain Joe-Pye Weed 30 2` wide spacing MAY BE FRAMED SOIL 10 FT WITH 2"X4" BOARDS Hypericum ascyron Giant St. John`s-wort 20 2` wide spacing Pedicularis canadensis Canadian Wood Betony 40 1` wide spacing Viola pedata Bird`s-foot Violet 40 .5` wide spacing GROUND COVERS BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Dry Mix Upland Meadow Seed Mix 265,186 sf Min. 110 PLS/sq.ft Wet Mix Wet Meadow Seed Mix 23,789 sf Min. 110 PLS/sq.ft Refer to the following page for more information 100 FT. regarding plants in < the design. PLANTING FOR BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE RESILIENCE 49 KEY TO DESIGN AREAS rock outcrop, rock outcrop, wet swale, full wet swale, full full sun full sun to sun sun to part- part-shade shade PLANT SCHEDULE TREES BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud 4 20` wide spacing Quercus ilicifolia Scrub Oak 6 15` wide spacing Salix bebbiana Beaked Willow 6 20` wide spacing Salix discolor Pussy Willow 12 8` wide spacing Salix humilis Prairie Willow 10 6` wide spacing Salix lucida Shining Willow 10 10` wide spacing Salix petiolaris Meadow Willow 10 10` wide spacing SHRUBS BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush 10 6` wide spacing Diervilla lonicera Northern Bush-honeysuckle 12 4` wide spacing Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. John`s-wort 10 5` wide spacing Rosa carolina Carolina Rose 8 4` wide spacing Rosa palustris Swamp Rose 8 5` wide spacing Rosa virginiana Virginia Rose 8 5` wide spacing Rubus odoratus Purple-flowering Raspberry 8 7` wide spacing Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania Blackberry 10 6` wide spacing Rubus vermontanus Vermont Blackberry 10 4` wide spacing BEE NESTING STRIP DETAIL Spiraea alba Meadowsweet 22 3` wide spacing 50 LINCOLN POLLINATOR ACTION PLAN Spiraea tomentosa Steeplebush 22 3` wide spacing 50% LOAM / 50% SAND Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush Blueberry 36 3` wide spacing TO MINIMUM DEPTH Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry 24 8` wide spacing OF 4 INCHES Vaccinium macrocarpon American Cranberry 24 2` wide spacing 20 FT Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry 24 2` wide spacing SITED NEAR Vaccinium pallidum Hillside Blueberry 100 2` wide spacing NATIVE BUNCHING GRASSES + SEDGES PERENNIALS BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME QTY REMARKS Cirsium pumilum Pasture Thistle 20 1` wide spacing DEPRESSION EXISTING Eutrochium dubium Coastal Plain Joe-Pye Weed 30 2` wide spacing MAY BE FRAMED SOIL 10 FT WITH 2"X4" BOARDS Hypericum ascyron Giant St. John`s-wort 20 2` wide spacing Pedicularis canadensis Canadian Wood Betony 40 1`