(OiipTO,cJ 0 US Department of TronsG0rTation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration DOT HS 807 113 March 1987 Final Report Assessment of Citizen Group Court Monitoring Programs a. This document is available 10 the public from the National Technical Information Service. Springfield, Virginia 22161 i 4 Y The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers.-Trade or manufacturers' names appear only because they are considered essential to the object of this report. 69. Technical Report Documentation P 1. R.p► .. N.. 2 Go..•ron.n, Accession No. 3. Recipient s C.i.le, N.. DOT HS 807 113 d. Tit le and $wb''l. R Assessment of Citizen Group Court Monitoring S. ero'AaerZh. 1987 Programs 6. P..lo.n..ng O.,en.s.t.on Cod. --^ !. Performing 0•90e.sN..n R.ror. No­ ? , . t.r s) . Probst, J. Lewis, K. Asunka, J. Hersey, S. Oram 9. Performing Organism... N..n• an. A dd,.., 10. Wo,. Un.. No. (TRAIS) SRA Technologies, Inc. DTNH22-85-C-07255 4700 King Street, Suite #300 11. Contract or Giant No. Alexandria, Virginia 22302 13. Tyre of Repo.t end P....d C.....d 12. S..ns...na Agency N...ry and Add..ss Department of Transportation Final Report National Highway Traffic Safety 5/85 - 3/87 Administration " Sponsoring Agency Cod. [Washington. D.C. IS. S Vrrl.,w.n.o. r N,'.s 16 Absn.cI The purpose of this study is to determine whether the presence of a citizens group court monitoring program within a jurisdiction influences the disposition of riving while intoxicated cases. Initial research identified a number, of....citizens.._ group court monitoring programs and selected a stratified random sample of these. Programs in the sample were contacted for information on their purpose and structure and perceived results of court monitoring. Two programs were selected as study sites: 1) Remove Intoxicated Drivers chapter, Oak Ridge, TN; and 2)Mothers Against Drunk Driving chapter, Douglas County, NB. A pretest, posttest control group design was employed to test the effectiveness of the court monitoring programs at changing various aspects of DWI offender treatment. The study clearly demonstrated that a well organized court monitoring program implemented by an organized citizens' group can be effective at changing the handling of DWI offenders. Both programs studied, carried out by different parent organizations in very different communities, brought about an increase in the severity with which DWI offenders were treated. 17. Key 119,69 1!. O,sn.bu..on Su.an.n. Citizen Group Court Monitoring Document is available to the U.S. public Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) through the National Technical Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) Information Service Remove Intoxicated Drivers (RID) Springfield, Virginia 22161 20. 21. Me. of Pages 19. Security Cl.sul. (.1 .n, ► ..p...) S.cu..., CL ► .,(. (.1 .h.. r•N•) 22. P.,.. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 102 Fen" DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of form and completed page is authorised i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COURT MONITORING PROGRAMS . 1 Defining The Universe Of Court Monitoring Programs .............. I Method of Obtaining Program Information ....... ............ 2 Characteristics of Citizens' Group Court Monitoring. Programs .... 3 EVALUATION OF TWO CITIZENS' GROUP PROGRAMS ........................ 5 RID, Oak Ridge, TN ..•........................................... 5 MADD, Douglas County, NB ........................................ 6 SECTION ONE: CHAPTER 1: IDENTIFYING AND SAMPLING COURT MONITORING-PROGRAMS ...... 9 PROGRAM INFORMATION ............................................... 9 SAMPLING APPROACH ................................................. 9 Stratified Random Sample ........................................ 10 Supplemental Sampling ........................................... 10 SAMPLING IMPLEMENTATION ........................................... 13 Random Sample ................................................. 13 Purposive Sample ................................................ 13 CHAPTER II: PROGRAM CHARACTERISTICS AND COMMENTARY ................. 15 PROGRAM OBJECTIVES ........................ :....................... 15 Findings ........................................................ 15 Comment ......................................................... 17 PROGRAM SIZE AND PROGRAM MAINTENANCE: FINDING AND ' ­ TRAINING VOLUNTEERS ............................................... 17 Findings ........................................................ 17 Comment ......................................................... 19 TYPES OF CASES MONITORED .......................................... 19 Findings ........................................................ 19 Comment ......................................................... 20 COURT MONITORING INFORMATION: DATA COLLECTION, DATA STORAGE, AND DATA ANALYSIS ................................... 21 Findings ........................................................ 21 Comment ......................................................... 26 USES OF INFORMATION ............................................... 26 Findings ........................................................ 26 Comment ......................................................... 38 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page NETWORKING ........................................................ 38 Findings ........................................................ 38 Comment ......................................................... 40 ACCOMPLISHMENTS ................................................... 40 Findings ........................................................ 40 Comment ......................................................... 43 COMMUNITY VIEWS OF COURT MONITORING PROGRAMS ...................... 43 Findings ........................................................ 43 CHAPTER III: STUDY PURPOSE AND DESIGN .............................. 47 STUDY PURPOSE ..................................................... 47 STUDY DESIGN ...................................................... 47 LIMITS TO THIS STUDY .............................................. 43 SECTION TWO: CHAPTER IV: OAK RIDGE COURT MONITORING PROGRAM DESCRIPTION JMO ANALYSIS OF RESULTS ................................ 49 THE COMMUNI TY AND ITS COURTS ...................................... 49 OAK RIDGE C OURT MONITORING PROGRAM ................................ 50 Overview of Oak Ridge RID ....................................... 50 Program Operations .............................................. 50 Reporting Court Monitoring Findings ............................. 53 ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF COURT MONITORING IN OAK RIDGE, TN .... 53 Site and Control ................. ............................... 53 Time Frame for Analysis ......................................... 55 Sample Si ze ..................................................... 56 Analytic Procedures ............................................. 57 Findings ........................................................ 60 Effect of the New Tennessee Law: Prelaw Program Versus Law Program Periods ..... ............................... 66 CHAPTER V: MADO COURT MONITORING PROGRAM DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS ................................. 73. BACKGROUND: THE COMMUNITY AND ITS COURTS ......................... 73 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page DOUGLAS COUNTY MADD COURT MONITORING PROGRAM ...................... 74 Origins of Douglas County MADD and Court Monitoring 74 Program Operations ...... ................................ 74 Reporting Court Monitoring Findings ............................. 76 Court Monitoring Ends ........................................... 76 Otner MADD Activities ........................................... 77 ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COURT MONITORING IN DOUGLAS COUNTY, NB ............................................. 77 Site and Control ... ..................................... 77 Time Periods for Analysis ....................................... 79 Sample Size ..................................................... 80 Analytic Procedures ............................................. 81 Findings ........................................................ 82 CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSIONS ............................................ 101 v EXHIBITS Number Page 1 ,Distrihution of Court Monitoring Programs by Region, Jurisdictional Size, and Sponsorship .......................... 11 2 Random Sample of Court Monitoring Programs ...................... 12 3 Final Sample of Court Monitoring Programs ....................... 14 4 Distribution of Court Monitoring Programs by Number of Active Volunteers ................................ 18 5 Court Monitoring Forms ....................................... 22 6 Minimal Recordkeeping Example .............. ........ .. 25 7 Fairfax County's Court Record of Drunk Driving Cases for 1984... 27 8 DUI Charge Dismissed to Protect Defendant's Job ................. 28 9 Summary of Sanctions .. ............ ..... 30) 10 MADD President: Are Court Reports Not Being Promptly Filed?.... 35 11 Procedure Improved .............................................. 36 12 Court Watching for RID - Helping Make a Difference! ............. 52 13 Court Record Audit Form ......................................... 54 14 Comparative Data, Johnson City and Oak Ridge .................... 55 15 Cases and Sample Size, Johnson City ............................. 57 16 Distribution of DWI Offenders, Oak Ridge and Johnson City July 1981 - June 1982... ................•................... 59