Contents List of Terms ................................................................................................................................................. iv Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... iv Definitions ................................................................................................................................................. v Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Regional Context ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Ridership Trends ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Regional Initiatives .................................................................................................................................... 9 Institutional context .................................................................................................................................... 11 2010 Bicycle Policy .................................................................................................................................. 11 2010 Bicycle Master Plan .................................................................................................................... 11 Sustainability Guidelines ......................................................................................................................... 11 Goals and Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 12 Goal 1- Bicycle Infrastructure ................................................................................................................. 12 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 12 Goal 2- New Design ................................................................................................................................. 12 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 12 Goal 3- Multimodalism............................................................................................................................ 12 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 12 Goal 4- Safety and Convenience ............................................................................................................. 12 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 12 Goal 5- Lead Others ................................................................................................................................ 13 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 13 Goal 6- Coordination ............................................................................................................................... 13 Objectives............................................................................................................................................ 13 Existing conditions ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Infrastructure .......................................................................................................................................... 14 Tunnels ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Bridges ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Public Transportation Hubs................................................................................................................. 19 Airports ............................................................................................................................................... 23 Marine Terminals ................................................................................................................................ 27 World Trade Center Campus............................................................................................................... 28 Ridership ................................................................................................................................................. 31 Port Authority Employees ................................................................................................................... 31 Bike Parking Counts ............................................................................................................................ 32 i Bike Share ........................................................................................................................................... 34 Trans-Hudson Movement ................................................................................................................... 35 Safety ...................................................................................................................................................... 39 Ridership and Crash Trends ................................................................................................................ 43 Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................... 45 List of Strategies ...................................................................................................................................... 45 Implementation .......................................................................................................................................... 49 Internal Leaders ...................................................................................................................................... 49 External Partners ..................................................................................................................................... 50 Timeline ................................................................................................................................................... 51 Funding Opportunities ............................................................................................................................ 55 Non-Profit Grants ................................................................................................................................ 55 State Funding ...................................................................................................................................... 55 Federal Funding .................................................................................................................................. 56 Best Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Abandoned Bicycle Policy ................................................................................................................... 60 Bike Depots ......................................................................................................................................... 64 Appendices .................................................................................................................................................. 67 Appendix A. 2010 Bicycle Policy .............................................................................................................. 67 Appendix B. East Coast Greenway Maps for New York and New Jersey ................................................ 71 Appendix C. Map of Bicycle Parking and Routes at JFK Airport .............................................................. 73 Appendix D. Map of Bicycle Accessible Routes at Newark Airport......................................................... 74 List of Figures Figure 1. Average Number of Bicycle Commute Trips in the NYMTC and NJTPA Region, 2011 - 2015 ........ 4 Figure 2. New York- New Jersey Metropolitan Region ................................................................................. 5 Figure 3. Commute Trips in NYMTC and NJTPA Region by Mode, 2011 - 2015 ........................................... 6 Figure 4. Bike Share of Commute Trips in the NJTPA and NYMTC Region, 2011 - 2015 .............................. 7 Figure 5. Number of Bicycle Commute Trips in the NJTPA and NYMTC Region, 2011 - 2015 ...................... 7 Figure 6. Number of Adult New York City Residents Who Rode a Bicycle in the Last Year .......................... 8 Figure 7. NYCDOT 12-Hour Bicycle Count at 50th Street and Hudson River Greenway, 2007 - 2016 .......