THE RESEARCH OF LEGAL SYSTEM OF MYANMAR AND LEGAL INFORMATION RELATED TO SOCIETY, CULTURE, POLITICS AND SECURITY IN MYANMAR SPONSORED BY OFFICE OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE OF THAILAND RESEARCHED BY RAMKHAMHAENG UNIVERSITY 2020 ผู้รับผิดชอบโครงการ 1. Assistant Professor. Patthara Limsira Project Leader Instructor of the faculty of law, Ramkhamhaeng University 2. Assistant Professor. Dr. Donaporn Chitcharoongkiat Researcher Instructor of the faculty of law, Ramkhamhaeng University 3. Associate Professor. Patcharada Auwannakit Researcher Instructor of the faculty of law, Ramkhamhaeng University 4. Dr. Piti Eiamchamroonlarp Researcher Instructor of the faculty of law, Chulalongkorn University 5. Dr. Thanasthep Tianprasit Researcher Instructor of the faculty of law, National Institute of Development Administration 6. Decha&Co Limited Researcher 7. Yuwadee Amornsiriwipa Assistant Researcher 8. Natsuda Rattanamanee Assistant Researcher 9. Teerasarn Kaewsong Assistant Researcher 1 Contents Chapter 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 Social-Cultural policy and agreement ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Social-cultural policy ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Human Development .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1.1 Situation Analysis .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1.2 Education ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1.1.3 Health ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.2 Social Welfare and Protection ................................................................................................. 12 1.1.2.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 12 1.1.2.2 Law and Policies related to Social Welfare and Protection ...................................... 13 1.1.3 Ensuring Environmental Sustainability ................................................................................... 15 1.1.3.1 National Policies and agreements related to environment ....................................... 16 1.2 International social-cultural agreements signed between Myanmar and other countries or international organizations ..................................................................................................................... 20 1.2.1 Human Development ............................................................................................................. 20 1.2.1.1 Education .............................................................................................................................. 20 1.2.1.2 Health .................................................................................................................................... 23 1.2.2 Social Welfare and Protection .............................................................................................. 26 2 1.2.2.1 ASEAN Declaration on Strengthening Social Protection .............................................. 26 1.2.3 Environmental sustainability .................................................................................................... 27 1.2.3.1 Myanmar Agenda 21 ........................................................................................................... 27 Chapter 2 ................................................................................................................................................... 30 Overview policies and agreements regarding ..................................................................................... 30 Myanmar’s politics and securities ......................................................................................................... 30 2.1 Overview of Myanmar’s politics and securities : policies and international agreements .. 30 2.1.1 Political policies .......................................................................................................................... 30 2.1.1.1 Democratization in Myanmar ........................................................................................... 30 2.1.1.2 The Myanmar legal system and the rule of law .......................................................... 49 2.1.1.3 Enhancing good governance ............................................................................................. 55 2.1.2 Security policies .......................................................................................................................... 63 2.1.2.1 Promotion of peace and stability in region ................................................................... 64 2.2 The international and regional cooperation regarding the security ...................................... 105 2.2.1 International legal binding regarding security policy of Myanmar ................................. 105 2.2.1.1 Regional legally binding Agreement: the ASEAN level .............................................. 105 2.2.1.2 International legal binding: international level ........................................................... 108 Chapter 3 Law relating to society, culture, politics and securities ............................................. 112 3.1 Laws relating to education: The National Education System ................................................ 112 3.1.1 Basic Education ......................................................................................................................... 113 3 3.1.1.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................. 113 3.1.1.2 The objective of basic education .................................................................................. 113 3.1.1.3 The structure of basic education................................................................................... 114 3.1.1.4 School ................................................................................................................................. 115 3.1.1.5 Curriculum .......................................................................................................................... 116 3.1.1.6 Basic Education Supervision ........................................................................................... 117 3.1.1.7 Educational Duties and Responsibilities ....................................................................... 118 3.1.1.8 The qualification of teacher ........................................................................................... 119 3.1.1.9 Quality Assessment and Quality Assurance ................................................................. 119 3.1.1.10 Education Management ................................................................................................. 120 3.1.1.11 Finance .............................................................................................................................. 120 3.1.2 Higher Education ...................................................................................................................... 120 3.1.2.1 The Structure ..................................................................................................................... 121 3.1.2.2 University Management ................................................................................................... 122 3.1.2.3 Finance ................................................................................................................................ 124 3.1.3 Technical Agricultural and Vocational Education .............................................................. 124 3.1.3.1 The objective of Technical, Agricultural and Vocational .......................................... 125 Education ......................................................................................................................................... 125 3.1.3.2 Structure ............................................................................................................................. 126 3.1.3.3 Management ...................................................................................................................... 126 4 3.1.3.4 Finance ................................................................................................................................ 127 3.1.4 Informal Education ................................................................................................................... 127 3.1.5 Self-study education................................................................................................................ 128 3.2 Laws relating to labor protection ................................................................................................. 129 3.2.1 The Workmen’s Compensation Act 1923 ........................................................................... 130 3.2.1.1 Key actors of the law 1923 ............................................................................................. 131 3.2.1.2