CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD) is a term used to describe a group of diseases that affect the heart or blood vessels, including those in the brain. While CVD includes many conditions, this fact sheet highlights stroke and a few heart diseases. Heart attacks and strokes are typically sudden events caused by a blockage that prevents normal blood flow to the heart or brain (ischemic stroke), respectively. In 2010, 13,373 Indiana residents died of heart disease, making it the leading cause of death, and 3,077 Indiana residents died of stroke, making it the fourth leading cause of death.1 Figure 1. Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease* and Stroke, Indiana, 1 2006-2010 (HDS-2 and HDS-3 Healthy People 2020 Objectives) Healthy People 2020 Heart Disease and Stroke (HDS) 160.0 Objectives3 140.0 Coronary Heart HDS-24.1: Reduce hospitalizations of adults aged 65- 120.0 Disease 74 years with heart failure† as the principle diagnosis‡ 100.0 HP2020 Target Target: 8.8 hospitalizations per 1,000 population 80.0 Current: 8.6 hospitalizations per 1,000 population 60.0 Stroke (2011)4 40.0 100,000 per Deaths HDS-24.2: Reduce hospitalizations of adults aged 75- 20.0 HP2020 Target 84 years with heart failure† as the principle diagnosis‡ 0.0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Target: 20.2 hospitalizations per 1,000 population Year Current: 20.3 hospitalizations per 1,000 population (2011)4 2 Risk factors and management in Indiana adults HDS-24.3: Reduce hospitalizations of adults aged 85 † 32.8% reported having high blood pressure years and older with heart failure as the principle diagnosis‡ . 79.4% with high blood pressure reported taking prescribed medication for their high blood Target: 38.6 hospitalizations per 1,000 population Current: 41.9 hospitalizations per 1,000 pressure 4 population (2011) 72.8% reported having their cholesterol checked within the past 5 years †Also called congestive heart failure, heart failure is when the heart can’t pump enough blood to the organs. The heart works, but not as well as it should. 38.9% reported having high cholesterol ‡Indicates those who were identified as Medicare patients Figure 2. Hospitalization rates with heart failure† as the principal diagnosis, ages 65 and older, Indiana, 2007–20113 50.0 45.0 40.0 35.0 Adults Aged 65-74 30.0 HP2020 Target (Aged 65-74) 25.0 Adults Aged 75-84 20.0 HP2020 Target (Aged 75-84) 15.0 Adults Aged 85+ Hospitalizations per 1,000 per Hospitalizations 10.0 HP2020 Target (Aged 85+) 5.0 0.0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 References Year 1. Indiana State Department of Health. (2012). Vital Records, 2012. *Coronary heart disease refers to ischemic heart diseases 2. Indiana State Department of Health. (2012). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011. (acute myocardial infarction, or heart attack, other acute ischemic heart disease, and other forms of chronic ischemic 3. United States Department of Health and Human Services. (2012). Heart Disease and Stroke Objectives – Healthy People 2020 heart disease). Ischemic heart disease is heart problems 4. Indiana State Department of Health. (2012). Indiana Hospital Discharge Data Files, 2007-2011. caused by narrowed heart arteries. For additional information on the impact of heart disease and stroke in Indiana, 2013 please visit: www.chronicdisease.isdh.in.gov .