ECOLOGICAL DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OFFICE Study ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE WIELISZEWO WIND FARM TOGETHER WITH TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE (Słupsk County, Pomorskie Province) Contracting Authority EWG Słupsk Sp. z o.o. 59-220 Legnica ul. Okrzei 17 Agreement of 8 November 2010 Team of Authors Tomasz Andrzejewski, PhD, Eng acoustics Łukasz Kowalski, MSc. cartographic documents Marcin Kulik, MSc. biotic environment Study leader Maciej Przewoźniak, PhD (doctor habilitatus) environmental and landscape protection, synthesis Ewa Sawon, MSc. physiography Andrzej Winiarski, MSc. sozology Kinga Ziętek, MSc. Eng cultural heritage Environmental monitoring Ornithological monitoring Jacek Antczak, PhD 2 proeko Robert Kościów, MSc. Chiropterological survey Gdańsk, 14 March 2011 3 proeko Table of contents: 1. LEGAL BASES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY ............................................ 6 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANNED INVESTMENT ................................... 10 2.1. Planned investment – baseline scenario ......................................... 10 2.2. Investment scenarios ....................................................................... 14 2.3. Environmental impact assessment of the investment scenarios ...... 16 2.4. The solutions protecting the environment in the investment scenario selected for implementation – the most advantageous scenario for the environment ............................................................................... 17 2.5. Land use conditions at the investment construction and exploitation stages 18 3. STRUCTURE AND ANTHROPIZATION OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE LOCATION OF THE INVESTMENT ................................................... 20 3.1. Location in the region ...................................................................... 20 3.2. Structure of natural environment of the location of the Wieliszewo wind farm and its immediate surroundings ................................................ 20 3.2.1. Abiotic environment ................................................................. 20 3.2.2. Biotic environment ................................................................... 22 3.2.2.1. Vegetation cover........................................................................ 22 3.2.2.3. Fauna – general specification .................................................... 23 3.2.2.4. Ornithological monitoring ........................................................... 24 3.2.2.5. Chiropterological survey ............................................................ 27 3.2.3. Environmental processes and interrelationships of the location of the investments with surrounding areas ............................... 27 3.3. Diagnosis of environmental anthropization status ............................ 28 4. NATURE PROTECTION FORMS IN THE LOCATION OF THE INVESTMENT ............................................................................................. 32 4.1. Location of the investment ............................................................... 32 4.2. Regional surroundings of the location of the investment ................. 32 5. DESCRIPTION OF MONUMENTS PROTECTED UNDER THE REGULATIONS ON MONUMENT PROTECTION AND CARE AND ON THE PROTECTION OF THE OTHER CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE LOCATION OF THE POWER PLANT ........................................................ 41 6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE INVESTMENT SCENARIO SELECTED FOR IMPLEMENTATION .................................... 43 6.1. Construction stage ........................................................................... 43 6.1.1. Abiotic environment ................................................................. 43 6.1.2. Biotic environment ................................................................... 49 6.1.3. Waste ....................................................................................... 50 6.1.4. Tangible and cultural assets .................................................... 52 6.1.5. Human health........................................................................... 53 6.2. Investment exploitation stage .......................................................... 54 4 proeko 6.2.1. Impact on abiotic environment ................................................. 54 6.2.2. Impact on flora ......................................................................... 55 6.2.3. Impact on fauna ....................................................................... 55 6.2.3.1. Introduction ................................................................................ 55 6.2.3.2. Birds .......................................................................................... 55 6.2.3.3. Bats ........................................................................................... 57 6.2.3.4. Other fauna ............................................................................... 58 6.2.4. Waste ....................................................................................... 58 6.2.5. Impact on acoustic conditions .................................................. 60 6.2.6. Impact of wind farms in the scope of infrasound emission ........ 65 6.2.7. Impact of wind farms and associated infrastructure in the scope of electromagnetic radiation emission ...................................... 66 6.2.8. Impact on landscape ................................................................ 70 6.2.9. Tangible and cultural assets .................................................... 75 6.2.10. Human health ......................................................................... 76 6.3. Investment decommissioning stage ................................................. 77 7. INVESTMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON FORMS OF NATURE CONSERVATION AND LANDSCAPE PROTECTION................................ 79 7.1. Territorial and individual forms of nature protection ......................... 79 7.2. Flora and fauna species protection .................................................. 89 7.3. Protection of green areas and tree stands ....................................... 89 8. DIAGNOSIS OF THE POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PLANNED INVESTMENT, INCLUDING CROSS- BORDER IMPACTS AND DESCRIPTION OF THE APPLIED PROJECTION METHODS .................................................................................................. 91 8.1. Impacts resulting from presence of the investment .......................... 91 8.2. Impacts resulting from the use of natural resources ........................ 92 8.3. Impacts related to decommissioning or limited access to natural environment resources .................................................................... 92 8.4. Impacts related to the potential environmental pollution .................. 93 8.5. Limited use areas ............................................................................ 93 8.6. Cross-border environmental impact ................................................. 93 8.7. Risk of severe failures ..................................................................... 94 8.8. Environmental impact classification ................................................. 94 8.9. Cumulative impact assessment ....................................................... 97 8.9.1. Cumulative effect of environmental impacts of the Wieliszewo wind farm ................................................................................. 97 8.9.2. Cumulative environmental impact assessment of the Wieliszewo wind farm and wind farms in its vicinity and the high- voltage line ............................................................................... 98 8.10. Description of the projection methods ............................................ 100 5 proeko 9. PROPOSED ACTIONS AIMED AT PREVENTING OR MITIGATING ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMPENSATION ..................................................................................... 101 10. ANALYSIS OF POSSIBLE SOCIAL CONFLICTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PLANNED INVESTMENT AND CURRENT PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS RELATED TO THE PROJECT ................................................................. 104 11. PROPOSED MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PLANNED INVESTMENT ......................................................................... 106 12. LIST OF DIFFICULTIES RESULTING FROM TECHNOLOGICAL OR KNOWLEDGE GAPS AND IDENTIFIED AT THE REPORT PREPARATION STAGE ...................................................................................................... 108 13. SOURCES OF INFORMATION FORMING A BASIS FOR PREPARATION OF THE REPORT ..................................................................................... 109 14. NON-TECHNICAL REPORT SUMMARY ................................................. 114 List of figures .................................................................................................. 130 List of photos ........................................................................................................... 130 Text appendices: 1. Decision of the Regional Director of Environmental Protection in Gdańsk on the need for carrying out an environmental impact assessment and on the scope of the environmental impact report for the planned project with a potential significant environmental impact consisting in the “Construction of the Wieliszewo wind farm comprising 17 wind turbines with a maximum capacity of 3 MW each, together with access roads, assembly yards and electricity infrastructure: MV/110 kV substation, MV cable lines with a fibre optic cable and a