Tobacco Product Pricing Laws: A State-by-State Analysis, 2015 DeLong HR, Chriqui JF, Gourdet CG, Leider J, Chaloupka FJ, University of Illinois at Chicago September 2016 Tobacco Product Pricing Laws: A State-by-State Analysis, 2015 DeLong HR Chriqui JF Gourdet CG Leider J Chaloupka FJ September 2016 Tobacco Product Pricing Laws: A State-by-State Analysis, 2015| www.tobacconomics.org | Twitter: @tobacconomics 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 6 Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................7 Methods .................................................................................................................................... 8 Key Findings ............................................................................................................................. 8 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 9 Section 1: Introduction ......................................................................................... 10 History of Cigarette Pricing in the United States ....................................................................10 Cigarette and Tobacco Product Pricing Laws ..........................................................................10 Introduction of Pricing Strategies and Discount Mechanisms ................................................ 11 Impact and Approaches to Pricing .......................................................................................... 12 Discounting Mechanisms Today .............................................................................................. 13 Purpose of This Chartbook ...................................................................................................... 13 Data Sources and Limitations .................................................................................................. 15 Organization of the Report ...................................................................................................... 16 Section 2: Policy Areas Covered ............................................................................ 17 Cigarette and OTP Pricing Strategies ...................................................................................... 17 Increasing Tobacco Product Prices ..........................................................................................18 Decreasing Tobacco Product Prices .........................................................................................18 National Evaluation Methodology .......................................................................................... 20 Section 3: National Overview of State Minimum Pricing Laws .............................. 22 Cigarette Pricing Schemes ...................................................................................................... 22 Factors that Contribute to Increased Cigarette Prices ........................................................... 23 Factors that Contribute to Decreased Cigarette Prices ............................................................ 31 National Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 42 OTP Pricing and Components ................................................................................................ 44 A Shift Towards Local Tobacco Product Pricing Regulation: New York City, NY, and Providence, RI ......................................................................................................................... 47 Section 4: Individual State Profiles ...................................................................... 48 How to Read the State Profile Pages....................................................................................... 48 Alaska ....................................................................................................................................... 51 Arkansas .................................................................................................................................. 53 California ................................................................................................................................ 55 Colorado ...................................................................................................................................57 Connecticut ............................................................................................................................. 59 Delaware .................................................................................................................................. 61 Tobacco Product Pricing Laws: A State-by-State Analysis, 2015| www.tobacconomics.org | Twitter: @tobacconomics 3 District of Columbia ................................................................................................................ 63 Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................... 65 Idaho ....................................................................................................................................... 67 Indiana .................................................................................................................................... 69 Iowa .......................................................................................................................................... 71 Louisiana ................................................................................................................................. 73 Massachusetts ..........................................................................................................................75 Maine ....................................................................................................................................... 77 Maryland ................................................................................................................................. 79 Minnesota ................................................................................................................................81 Mississippi .............................................................................................................................. 83 Montana .................................................................................................................................. 85 Nebraska ................................................................................................................................. 87 Nevada .................................................................................................................................... 89 New Jersey ............................................................................................................................... 91 New York ................................................................................................................................. 93 Ohio ......................................................................................................................................... 95 Oklahoma ................................................................................................................................ 97 Pennsylvania ........................................................................................................................... 99 Rhode Island .......................................................................................................................... 101 South Dakota .........................................................................................................................103 Tennessee ...............................................................................................................................105 Washington ............................................................................................................................ 107 West Virginia ........................................................................................................................ 109 Wisconsin ................................................................................................................................111 Section 5: Individual Local Profiles ..................................................................... 113 How to Read the Local Profile Pages ..................................................................................... 114 New York City, New York....................................................................................................... 117 Providence, Rhode Island ...................................................................................................... 119 Section 6: Conclusion ......................................................................................... 121 Reference List ..................................................................................................... 123 MPL Path Chart Footnotes .................................................................................. 125 Alaska- Cigarette ...................................................................................................................