Fact File 6 Antarctic Territory claims and The Antarctic Treaty System Name: ...................................................................................... " Territory claims The Treaty " Australian Antarctic Territory During the 1929-31 BANZARE expedition Douglas Mawson made landfall The Antarctic Treaty was established in 1961 with Australia one of the The Australian Antarctic Territory covers nearly 5.9 million square at various points around the Antarctic coast to fly the Union Jack and 12 founding countries. As of 2016 53 countries have joined the treaty. It kilometres, about 42% of Antarctica. But as you can see below many claim territory for Britain and the Commonwealth. This was formalised by maintains Antarctica as a scientific preserve, establishes freedom of scientific other nations have bases on Australian Antarctic Territory. the 1933 Australian Antarctic Territory Acceptance Act. investigation and bans military activity on that continent. Australia held the very first Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) in Canberra in July 1961. 30° E " Seven other nations also made a claim to land in Antarctica: Argentina, " STATIONS IN EAST ANTARCTICA Article 1 – The area is to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, " Dakshin Gangotri (India) Chile, the United Kingdom, France, Australia, New Zealand and Norway. " " Maitri (India), Novolazarevskaya (Russia) 60° E such as weapons testing, is prohibited but military personnel " The UK, France, Australia, New Zealand and Norway all recognise each " Troll (Norway) and equipment may be used for scientific research or any other " Asuka (Japan) other’s claims, these are non-overlapping. "" " Syowa (Japan) Princess " " Molodezhnaya (Russia) peaceful purpose; Elisabeth " "" "" " Kohnen Proposed (Belarus) Norwe """"" " gian " " (Belgium) c "" " (Germany) la " " Mizuho im Article 2 – Freedom of scientific"" investigations and cooperation shall continue; " (Japan) " Article 3 – Free exchange of information" " and personnel in cooperation with " " " " im the United Nations "and other international agencies; a im " Mawson cl la " c " Dome Fuji (Japan) (Australia) h 6 s e Article 4 – The treaty does not recognise, dispute, nor establish territorial 0 i ° t in " ri t " S n " B e sovereignty claims; no new claims shall be asserted while the m g " i r " Soyuz (Russia) A la treaty is in force; c " Druzhnaya 4 (Russia) Bharati (India) " n """ a Article 5 – The treaty prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of Law-Racovita-Negoita (Australia/Romania) " Davis (Australia) e l i Proposed (China) " h radioactive wastes; C Progress (Russia) A Kunlun (China) " Zhongshan (China) u " s Article 6 – Includes under the treaty all land and ice shelves but not the t r al surrounding waters south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south; " Amundsen-Scott (USA) 90° E i a n Mirny " Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) c Article 7 – Treaty state observers have free access, including aerial l (Russia) a i Unclaimed m observation, to any area and may inspect all stations, " Vostok (Russia) installations, and equipment; advance notice of all activities and of the introduction of military personnel must be given; The northern and southern Article 8 – Allows for good jurisdiction over observers and scientists by Legend limits of the Norwegian claim Concordia are undefined. The northern their own states; " Casey " " Year-round station ROSS (France/Italy) limit of the other claims is the (Australia) " ICE SHELF AAT Seasonal station coastline of Antarctica. Article 9 – Frequent consultative meetings take place among member " Proposed station Scott nations; "" McMurdo (USA) French Base " Australian Antarctic Territory (NZ) claim Article 10 – All treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Adélie Land (France) Proposed (China) " Ross Dependency (New Zealand) N Australian Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty; " Jang Bogo (Korea) Produced by AADC ew Zealand claim claim Gondwana (Germany) Dronning Maud Land (Norway) Map Catalogue No: 13567 Mario Zucchelli (Italy) © Commonwealth of Australia The northern and southern limits Article 11 – All disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, of Dronning Maud Land are undefined ultimately, by the International Court of Justice; " Leningradskaya Dumont d'Urville Australia has strong and longstanding interests in Antarctica which are (France) " (Russia) 120° E protected by the Antarctic Treaty system. The Antarctic Treaty system Produced by the Australian Antarctic Data Centre “ There are few places in the world where there has never been war, where 0 500 1000 Kilometres Hillshading from RAMP DEM Version 2 maintains Antarctica’s freedom from strategic or political confrontation, Coastline from ADD Version 6 the environment is fully protected, and where scientific research has Projection: Polar Stereographic Published August 2013 True scale at 71°S 150° E Map Catalogue No: 14244 protects its unique environmentand safeguards Australia’s sovereignty priority. But there is a whole continent like this - Antarctica due to the most over the Australian Antarctic Territory. successful of all world treaties” - The Antarctic Treaty System Activity: This fact file was supported through Produced for the Mawson’s Huts funding from the Australian Foundation by Bookend Trust. Want to know more? Government’s Community Heritage Copyright 2016 • Circle the bases located in Australian Antarctic Territory and Icons Grants program, and * May be reproduced by schools for the Mawson’s Huts Foundation. that belong to other countries. • http://www.antarctica.gov.au/law-and-treaty educational purposes. Layout and * Derived from map number 13939 activities developed by D Dieckfoss. • courtesyFind and of the list Australian all of the Antarctic countries Division. that have bases in Antarctica. • http://www.ats.aq/e/ats.htm ".