15 3 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (3): 425–433 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.3.425 Range extension of the rare agamid, Pseudocalotes austeniana (Annandale, 1908) (Reptilia, Sauria, Draconinae) in the East Himalaya, with comments on its ontogenetic shift Kai Wang1, 2, Ping Ci3, Ke Jiang1, Shiyang Weng4,5, Cameron D. Siler2, Jing Che1 1 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang East Rd, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China. 2 Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave., Norman, OK, 73072, USA. 3 Institute of Forest Inventory, Planning, and Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, 22 North Linguo Rd, Lhasa, Tibet, 850010, China. 4 Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, 19 Beijing West Rd, Lhasa, Tibet, 850010, China. 5 College of Life and Environment Sciences, Huangshan University, 39 Xihai Rd, Huangshan, Anhui, 245041, China. Corresponding author: Jing Che, email: [email protected] Abstract Despite its recognition since the early 1900s, the agamid lizard Pseudocalotes austeniana remains known based on 3 vouchered specimens only from the East Himalaya, and little is known about its general biology. During herpetological surveys of Tibet, China, we collected 3 specimens of P. austeniana from Medog County, southeastern Tibet, including the first juvenile specimen ever vouchered. We provide a detailed description based on new material of this enigmatic species, report on a range extension of 400 km northeastward from its type locality, its ontogenetic shift, and clutch size. Key words Agamidae, Himalaya, Mictopholis, Salea, synonym. Academic editor: Perry L. Wood, Jr. | Received 17 December 2018 | Accepted 21 January 2019 | Published 24 May 2019 Citation: Wang K, Ci P, Jiang K, Weng S, Siler CD, Che J (2019) Range extension of the rare agamid, Pseudocalotes austeniana (Annandale, 1908) (Reptilia, Sauria, Draconinae) in the East Himalaya, with comments on its ontogenetic shift. Check List 15 (3): 425–433. https://doi.org/ 10.15560/15.3.425 Introduction austeniana (Annandale, 1908), from the East Himalaya. First described as Salea austeniana from the East The Subfamily Draconinae represents a diverse group of Himalaya (Annandale 1908), the Abhor Hills Agama agamid lizards in Asia (Manthey 2010). Although stud- was later transferred to its own monotypic genus, Mic- ies have shed light on higher-level phylogenetic relation- topholis by Smith (1935). Using morphological data, ships among genera within Draconinae (Moody 1980, Mahony (2010) synonymized the monotypic genus as a Macey et al. 2000, Grismer et al. 2016, Wang et al. 2019), junior synonym of Pseudocalotes Fitzinger, 1843. Due the taxonomic status of many species remains unknown, to the political difficulty of working in the region, and in part due to a lack of vouchered specimens and tis- difficult terrain to access and navigate, few biodiversity sue samples. One such case of a poorly understood spe- surveys have been done near the type locality of the spe- cies is the enigmatic Abhor Hills Agama, Pseudocalotes cies since its original description (Agarwal et al. 2010, Copyright Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 426 Check List 15 (3) Li et al. 2010). As a result, only 6 individuals of P. aus- Representatives of other Pseudocalotes species were teniana have even been recorded in the literature, all of examined for morphological comparisons (Appendix). which were from the vicinity of the type locality (Venu- For the type and topotypic specimens of P. austeniana gopal 2013). Furthermore, only 2 of these 6 individuals and comparative genera that we do not have access to, were ever vouchered (Athreya 2006, Das and Das 2007, morphological data were obtained from published litera- Agarwal et al. 2010, Venugopal 2010, 2013). Therefore, ture (Smith 1935, Mahony 2010, Denzer et al. 2015). to date, little is known about the biology or ecology of Morphological Data. For maximum comparability, we this agamid lizard species, including phenotypic varia- selected and measured morphological characters based tion and its distribution range, and the species is thought on Manthey (2010) (morphometric data were measured to be restricted to the vicinity of its type locality (Das using a digital caliper to the nearest 0.01mm by KW). and Das 2007). The following morphological characters were exam- During herpetological surveys in 2011, 2013, and ined, with abbreviations provided in parentheses: snout– 2016, we collected 2 adult females and a juvenile speci- vent length (SVL); tail length (TAL); head width (HW); men of P. austeniana from southeastern Tibet, PR China, head length (HL); head depth (HD); interorbital dis- about 400 km (linear distance) northeastward from the tance (IO); maximum diameter of orbit (OrbD); maxi- most easterly known locality of the species (Venugo- mum diameter of tympanum (TymD); trunk length from pal 2013). In addition, we photographed another adult axilla to groin (TrL); Finger IV length (F4L); Toe IV and juvenile from the same region in Tibet. Here we length (T4L); distance from tip of snout to insertion of describe the specimens of this rare agamid species from fore-limb (SnForeL); hand length (HandL); upper arm this new locality and report on its morphological vari- length (UpArmL); lower arm length (LowArmL); upper ation, including ontogenetic shifts in morphology. An leg length (UpLegL); crus length (CrusL); foot length expanded description of the species is provided based on (FootL); number of supralabials (SL); number of infral- the new material. abials (IL); number of mid-dorsal scales (MD); circum- marginal scale row count at midbody (MB); subdigital Methods lamellae count beneath Finger IV (F4S); and subdigital Field surveys and taxonomic sampling. Museum abbre- lamellae count beneath Toe IV (T4S). All paired mea- viations for specimens examined follow Sabaj (2016) and surements were recorded for the left side only, and paired include: California Academy of Sciences (CAS), USA; pholidosis counts are given in left/right order. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sci- Furthermore, the following morphological character- ences (CIB), China; Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chi- istics, which were not used in Mahony (2010) but have nese Academy of Sciences (KIZ), and Zoological Survey been shown to be useful in taxonomic studies of agamid of India (ZSI). In addition, Arya Vidyapeeth College, reptiles (Wood Jr et al. 2009, Wang et al. 2016), were India was abbreviated as MAVC, following Mahony also recorded, including: snout length (SEL), length of (2010), and Tibetan Museum of Natural History was snout measured from rostral to the anterior corner of eye; abbreviated as TMNH. length of the longest nuchal crest (CL), length of the lon- Three specimens of P. austeniana were collected gest nuchal crest measured from the tip to the base; and and vouchered from Medog County, Nyingchi Prefec- suborbital scale rows (SOR), number of scale rows infe- ture, southeastern Tibet, China, including a juvenile rior to the lower edge of orbit, excluding the small gran- (KIZ 06777) and 2 adult females (KIZ 013873, TMNH ular scales around eyes. The total fore- and hind limb 20170001). The juvenile was collected by locals in June lengths were each the sum of three sections, respectively 2011. Specimen KIZ 013873 was collected by Ke JIANG (FLL = UpArmL + LowArmL + HandL; HLL = UpLegL and Kai WANG from 80K, Medog County, Tibet, China + CrusL + FootL). Descriptions of coloration in life are (29°39ʹ39ʺ N, 095°29ʹ25ʺ E, WGS 84) in August 2013 based on field notes, photographs of live specimens, and and TMNH 20170001 was collected by Ping CI, Shi- published accounts (Athreya 2006, Das and Das 2007, yang WEN, and Weidong ZHU from Medog Township, Manthey 2010). Medog County, Tibet, China (29°19ʹ14ʺ N, 095°19ʹ03ʺ E) on 15 June 2017. Both adult specimens were fixed in Results 10% buffered formalin and transferred to 70% ethanol for long-term storage, while the juvenile was preserved New records (Fig. 1). China: Tibet Autonomous Region: and stored in 75% ethanol. Nychi Prefecture: Medog County: 80K (29°39ʹ39ʺ N, In addition to the vouchered material, an adult and 095°29ʹ25ʺ E, WGS 84), collected by Kai Wang, Ke juvenile specimen were photographed by Chao WU and Jiang, and Jing Che on August 10, 2013 (female, KIZ Zheng SHI from the same county in Tibet, but not vouch- 013873). ered. All visible morphological characteristics were China: Tibet Autonomous Region: Nychi Prefecture: recorded based on photographs and recorded notes in the Medog County: near Medog Township (29°19ʹ14ʺ N, field, including dorsal and lateral pholidosis characteris- 095° 19ʹ03ʺ E), collected by Ping Ci, Shiyang Wen, and tics and coloration in life. Weidong Zhu on 15 June 2017 (female, TMNH 20170001). Wang et al. | Range extension of Pseudocalotes austeniana 427 Figure 1. Distribution of Pseudocalotes austeniana in the East Himalaya. Orange star indicates the type locality of the species, and circles (1: 62K, Medog County; 2: Hanmi, Medog County) represent new localities for the species in Tibet, China. Figure 2. Adult female Pseudocalotes austeniana (KIZ 013873) in life. A. Dorsolateral view of body. B. Ventral view of body. C.