Ontario Visual Heritage Project: Greater Sudbury Outline Created: November 20th, 2006 •Modified: November 30th, 2006 Note: The outline includes updates from suggestions recorded at the November 20th, Ontario Visual Heritage Project: Sudbury Committee meeting. This meeting was attended by Jim Fortin, Dr. Oiva Sarrinen, Dr. Gerry Tapper, Dr. Matt Bray, Claire Zuliani, Mike Large, Nada Mehes-Rovinelli, Yvonne Drebert and Zach Melnick. This version also includes several suggestions from a meeting with Dr. Gatien Gervais and Joanne Gervais. 1. Summary: The following is a working document created after consultation with many people (see below) from the City of Greater Sudbury, after reviewing several resources (see below) and after visiting several sites in the district (see below). This information was combined into a database of approximately 215 stories. These stories were sorted by theme, date and location, with the major stories colour coded based on themes and placed on a map of the City of Greater Sudbury. This map, along with the database, was used to create this document. This document will evolve throughout the process as video interviews are completed that may lead us into new territory. We welcome feedback and suggestions to [email protected]. 2. Research Interviews: Written summaries of the research interviews are available upon request. These interviews were conducted in July 2006. Jim Fortin (all history) Bill Lautenbach (municipal re-greening) Dr. Peter Beckett (re-greening) Hans Brasch (former miner) Joanne Gervais (Centre Franco-Ontarian de Folklore) Dr. Gaetan Gervais (Franco-Ontarian history) Mike Slawney (Polish community) Dr. Oiva Saarinen (Finnish community) Dr. Gerry Tapper (Finnish community) Mary Stefura (Ukrainian community) Dale Wilson (CPR historian) Heather Lewis (Police Museum) Bob Michelutti (Capreol) Eileen Thompson (Capreol) Dale Pepin (Theatre) Dr. Matt Bray (CCC Historian) Nada Mehes-Rovinelli (Franco-Ontarian history) 1 3. Research Material: A Guide to the Golden Age: Mining in Sudbury, 1886-1977. By Robert Stephenson, Michal Gauvreaus, Tom Kiley, Marie Lalonde, Nancy Pellis, and Mira Zirojevic. A Miner's Chronicle; Inco Ltd. and the Unions. By Hans Brasch. Bemocked of Destiny. By Aeneas McCharles. Between a Rock and a Hard Place; A Historical Geography of the Finns in the Sudbury Area. By Oiva W. Saarinen. Capreol: The First 75 Years. Capreol Public Library. Home-Grown Heroes; a Sports History of Sudbury. By Frank Pagnucco. Industrial Communities of the Sudbury Basin: Copper Cliff, Victoria Mines, Mond, and Coniston. By the Sudbury and District Historical Society. Pioneering on the CPR. By Florence R. Howey. Polyphony; The Bulletin of the Multicultural Society of Ontario Sudbury's People, Spring/Summer 1983, Vol. 5 No. 1 Restoration and Recovery of an Industrial Region; Progress in Restoring the Smelter-Damaged Landscape near Sudbury, Canada. John M. Gunn ed. Sudbury: Rail Town to Regional Capital. C. M. Wallace and Ashley Thomson eds. Sudbury then & now; A Pictorial History. By E. G. Higgins & F. A. Peake. There Were No Strangers; A History of the Village of Creighton Mine. By the Anderson Farm Museum. Up The Hill; The Italians of Copper Cliff. The Copper Cliff Italian Heritage Book Valley East: 1850 -2002. Wayne F. Lebelle ed. Whitefish Lake Ojibway Memories. By Edwin J. Higgins in collaboration with the Whitefish Lake Indian Reserve. 2 4. Location Visits: These are primarily locations other than those mentioned above in research interviews. O’Donnell Roast Beds Anderson Farm Museum Flour Mill Museum/ Flour Mill Copper Cliff Museum Dynamic Earth Science North Onaping Falls Creighton Village Site Capreol Railway Museum Centre Franco-Ontarian de folklore Sellwood location 4. Greater Sudbury History Themes: Geology First Nations French/ Jesuits / Voyageurs Lumbering CPR / Railways Mining Refining / Environment Immigration Unionization World War I/II Re-greening/ Diversification Blueberries Ghost Towns 3 5. The Outline This outline is split into twelve sections. Twleve “chapters” which will form the storyline of the documentary and an “extras” section for important stories that do not fit into the documentary storyline. Each “chapter” is expected to be roughly 10 minutes in length, with the exception of chapter 6 and chapter 7, which are expected to be slightly longer. Chapter 1: Star Berries Chapter 1 uses blueberry picking to jump back and forth in time between Mrs. Howey (CPR doctor’s wife) in 1883 and the Anishnabek in the early 1600s. Howey will be used as a key character to talk about the early history of the Sudbury region. Her adventures illustrate not only the historical specifics of her own time (CPR, Lumbering, Surveying and Prospecting) but though her visits to the Whitefish Lake First Nation and Hudsons Bay Company trading post, she gives us a window into the Anishnabek and early French history of the region as well. Opening • Anishinabek pounding blueberries on rocks • The blueberries are used to coat meat (see Champlain notes from 1615) • The rocks on which they are pounding the blueberries have the look of Gossan about them • Cut to Opening Montage Montage Post –Montage • Come up to a close up of another blueberry plant • A white hand enters the frame to pick the berries • We see that it is Mrs. Howey, and her friends picking the fruits o Inter-cut with interview about how Natives and Early Settlers alike used the Blueberry (Jim Fortin, Representative from Whitefish First Nation, Dr. Roger Spielman) . Natives used rocks to dry blueberries . Pounded blueberries and rubbed them into meat . Anishinabek seasonal land use – 13 month cycle • Cut back to picking, while picking, Mrs. Howey notes how she knows that the natives like blueberries o Mrs. Howey discusses her first trip to the Whitefish Lake Trading Post, and the nearby “Indian Village” o Mrs. Howey’s voice-over as scene she describes unfolds: . “To return to our first visit, we spent the afternoon visiting the Indian village, about two miles distant, at the far end of Whitefish Lake. We paddled down of course. It consisted of a few log huts and a number of wigwams, some covered with skins but mainly the large sheets of birch bark. They were scattered about, just any 4 place, on a large, level grassy clearing. As our canoe scraped on the wide sandy beach, we, were greeted by about a dozen dogs, setting up such a din, barking and yelping and almost jumping into our canoe; whereupon the inhabitants came popping out of wigwams and huts, full of curiosity, but as they came near they assumed their characteristic dignified manner and came forward smiling a welcome none of them being able to speak English then. The were Indians all right, dark and long black stiff looking hair, but I was disappointed, as at Sturgeon Falls, that there was no war paint or feathers.” o Interview Subjects Discuss: . Iroquoian Wars: • French Fur Trade • Perpetuation of Native Stereotypes as societies composed wholly of “Warriors” • Were they really “wigwams” that Florence Howey was seeing at the Whitefish Village? . Return of Anishinabek to Sudbury Area post Iroquoian wars – 1670’s . Establishment of Whitefish Lake Hudson’s Bay Company Post - 1824 . Robinson-Huron Treaty 1850 • Establishment of Whitefish Reservation • Discuss the “right to expropriate minerals from native lands” clause in Robinson-Huron Treaty. Where does this clause come from? (Lake Superior mineral disputes) • The parties of the second part further promise and agree that they will not sell, lease, or otherwise dispose of any portion of their Reservations without the consent of the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs, or other officer of like authority, being first had and obtained. Nor will they at any time hinder or prevent persons from exploring or searching for minerals, or other valuable productions, in any part of the Territory hereby ceded to Her Majesty, as before mentioned.” • Back to the Howey group, they have now finished picking and are returning to their campfire, the group begins to discuss the near arrival of the railroad o Mrs. Howey notes how her husband, Dr. Howey, has been very busy this summer – many people being crushed by falling rocks, etc. o Others agree, note that the railroad should arrive in Sudbury in the early winter • Interview: CPR Discussion ( Dale Wilson, Jim Fortin, Dr. Matt Bray, Others? ) o Reasons for trans-national railway o Explain the reason for the founding of Sudbury, the reasoning behind the name of “Sudbury,” describe the naming of Lost Lake (Ramsay Lake) . Show Ramsay and surveying party looking really lost 5 o Discuss earlier Salter Magnetic Deviation while Surveying 1856 . Rewind 30 years to 1856, showing Salter looking equally lost and confused in same location as Ramsay was – his compass spinning about o Discuss Alexander Murray coming on behalf of the Canadian Geological Survey . Cut to Alexander Murray in same location as Salter and Ramsay, acknowledging spinning compass, Murray bends down and picks up a piece of rock o Cut to Murray writing report and voice-over: . “Previous to my visit to Whitefish Lake, I had been informed by Mr. Salter that local attraction of a magnet had been observed by himself while running the meridian line and he expressed it to be his opinion that the presence of a large body of iron ore was the immediate cause. When therefore, I came to the part indicated by Mr. Salter, I made a very careful examination not only in the direction of the meridian line but for a considerable distance on each side of it, and the result of my examination was that the local attraction, which I found exactly as described by Mr. Salter, was owing to an immense mass of magnetic trap. Specimens of this trap given to Mr. Hunt for analysis and the result of the investigation shows that it contains magnetic iron ore and magnetic iron pyrites generally disseminated throughout the rock, the former in very small gains: titaniferous iron was found associated with the magnetic ore, and a small quantity of nickel and copper with the pyrites.” • Cut Back to Howey and co.