Consumer Product Safety Commission § 1512.17 in) below the point on the seat surface not be peeled or scraped away without that is intersected by the line of the removal of tire material. seat post. The optical axis of the reflec- (3) The retroreflective material shall tor shall be directed rearward within 5° be as resistant to abrasion as is the ad- of the horizontal-vertical alignment of jacent sidewall material so that when the bicycle when the wheels are trav- retroreflective material is removed eling in a straight line, as defined in from the inflated tire by abrasion with § 1512.18(m)(2). The reflectors and/or a wet, steel bristle brush, tire material mounts shall incorporate a distinct, will be removed along with the preferred assembly method that shall retroreflective material. insure that the reflector meets the op- (4) The retroreflective material shall tical requirements of this paragraph (d) be tested for performance in accord- when the reflector is attached to the ance with the retroreflective tire test, bicycle. The rear reflector shall be § 1512.18(o), to assure the reflectance tested in accordance with the reflector properties over the angles given in mount and alignment test, § 1512.18(m). table 3. When a portion of the (e) Pedal reflectors. Each pedal shall retroreflective material is selected have reflectors located on the front and (and the remainder is masked as speci- rear surfaces of the pedal. The reflector fied in § 1512.18(o)(2)(i)), the selected elements may be either integral with portion shall not contact the ground the construction of the pedal or me- plane when the assembled bicycle is chanically attached, but shall be suffi- resting on that plane in any orienta- ciently recessed from the edge of the tion. pedal, or of the reflector housing, to (i) Retroreflective rims. When prevent contact of the reflector ele- retroreflective rims are used in lieu of ment with a flat surface placed in con- spoke-mounted reflectors or tact with the edge of the pedal. retroreflective tire sidewalls, the re- (f) Side reflectors. Reflectors affixed to flecting material shall meet the fol- the wheel spokes shall be mounted ei- lowing requirements: ther flat on the spokes or within the (1) The retroreflective material shall spoke cage such that the angle between form a continuous circle on the rim. the optical axis and the normal to the (2) If the retroreflective material is plane of the wheel shall not exceed the applied to the rim in the form of a self- angle of the spokes with the plane of adhesive tape, the following require- the wheel. The reflectors shall not ment must be met: Use a sharp knife, interfere with any wheel adjustments. razor blade, or similar instrument to The side-mounted reflector devices carefully release an end of the tape ma- shall be essentially colorless or amber terial sufficient to be grasped between on the front wheel and essentially the thumb and finger. Grasp the freed colorless or red on the rear wheel. tape end and gradually pull in a direc- ° (g) Reflector tests. The pedal, front- tion 90 to the plane of the rim. The mount, rear-mount, and side-mount re- tape material must break before addi- flectors shall be tested in accordance tional separation (peeling) from the with the reflector test, § 1512.18(n), to rim is observed. assure the reflectance values over the (3) After the retroreflective material angles given in tables 1 and 2. is abraded in accordance with the abra- (h) Retroreflective tire sidewalls. When sion test for retroreflective rims at retroreflective tire sidewalls are used § 1512.18(r), the rim must then be tested in lieu of spoke-mounted reflectors, the for performance in accordance with the reflecting material shall meet the fol- retroreflective tire and rim test at lowing requirements: § 1512.18(o), to assure the reflectance (1) The retroreflective material shall properties over the angles given in form a continuous circle on the side- table 3. wall. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 45 (2) The retroreflective material shall FR 82627, 82628, Dec. 16, 1980] adhere to the tire such that after the tire has been subjected to a tempera- § 1512.17 Other requirements. ture of 50° ±3 °C (122° ±5.4 °F) for 30 min- (a) Road test. Bicycles, other than utes, the retroreflective material can- sidewalk bicycles, shall be ridden at 631 § 1512.18 16 CFR Ch. II (1–1–12 Edition) least 6.4 km (4.0 mi.) by a rider weigh- (d) Handbrake loading and performance ing at least 68.1kg (150 lb.) and travel test: (Ref. § 1512.5(b)). five times over a 30.5 m (100 ft.) cleated (1) Apparatus. A spring scale or other course in accordance with the road suitable device for measuring the spec- test, § 1512.18(p), and shall exhibit sta- ified forces on the handbrake levers ble handling, turning, and steering and a dry, clean, level, paved surface of characteristics without difficulty of adequate length. operation. There shall be no system or (2) Procedure. The loading test, component failure of the structure, § 1512.18(d)(2)(i), and the rocking test, brakes, or tires, and there shall be no § 1512.18(d)(2)(iii), shall be performed be- loosening or misalignment of the seat, fore the performance test, handlebars, controls, or reflectors dur- § 1512.18(d)(2)(v), is performed and no ing or resulting from this test. adjustments shall be made between (b) Sidewalk bicycle proof test. Side- these tests. walk bicycles shall be dropped a dis- (i) Loading test procedure. The hand levers shall be actuated with a force tance of at least 300 mm (1.0 ft.) three applied at a point no more than 25 mm times onto a paved surface with (1.0 in) from the open end of the lever. weights attached in accordance with If the hand lever contacts the handle- the sidewalk bicycle proof test, bar (bottoms) before a force of 445 N § 1512.18(q). There shall be no fracture (100 lbf) is reached, the loading may be of wheels, frame, seat, handlebars, or stopped at that point, otherwise the fork during or resulting from this test. loading shall be increased to at least (c) Ground clearance. With the pedal 445 N (100 lbf). 4 Application of the load- horizontal and the pedal crank in its ing force shall be repeated for a total of lowest position and any training 10 times and all brake components wheels removed, it shall be possible to shall be inspected. tilt the bicycle at least 25° from the (ii) Loading test criteria. There shall vertical without the pedal or any other be no visible fractures, failures, mis- part (other than tires) contacting the alignments, and clearances not in com- ground plane. pliance with applicable parts of § 1512.5. (d) Toe clearance. Bicycles not (iii) Rocking test procedure. A weight equipped with positive foot-retaining of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) shall be devices (such as toe clips) shall have at placed on the seat; the force required least 89 mm (31⁄2 in) clearance between for the hand levers to contact the han- the pedal and the front tire or fender dlebars or 445 N (100 lbf), as determined (when turned to any position). The in § 1512.18(d)(2), shall be applied to the clearance shall be measured forward hand levers; 4 and the bicycle shall be and parallel to the longitudinal axis of rocked forward and backward over a the bicycle from the center of either dry, clean, level, paved surface at least pedal to the arc swept by the tire or six times and for a distance of at least fender, whichever results in the least 76 mm (3 in) in each direction. clearance. (See figure 6 of this part (iv) Rocking test criteria. There shall 1512.) be no loosening of the brake pads, pad holders, or cable and hand-lever secur- § 1512.18 Tests and test procedures. ing devices or any other functional (a) Sharp edge test. [Reserved] brake component. (v) Performance test procedure. The fol- (b) [Reserved] lowing test conditions, unless other- (c) Protective cap and end-mounted de- wise specified in this part 1512, shall be vices test. (Ref. § 1512.4(i), § 1512.6(d).) followed: Any device suitable for exerting a re- (A) The bicycle shall be ridden over a moval force of at least 67 N (15 lbf) for dry, clean, smooth paved test course protective caps and 8.9 N (2.0 lbf) for end caps at any point and in any direc- 4 tion may be used. All protective caps For hand lever extensions, the loading shall be continued until a force of 445 N (100 and end-mounted handlebar devices lbf) is reached or the hand lever extension is shall be tested to determine that they in the same plane as the upper surface of the cannot be removed by application of handlebars or the extension lever contacts the specified forces. the handlebars. 632 .