California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 March 2020 California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 For individuals with disabilities, this document is available in Braille, large print, audiocassette, or computer disc. It is also available in alternative languages. To obtain a copy in one of these formats, please email us at [email protected] or call (916) 654-2397, TTY: 711. The Plan is also available online at https://dot.ca.gov/programs/legislative-affairs/reports. © 2020 California Department of Transportation. All Rights Reserved. Caltrans® and the Caltrans logo are registered service marks of the California Department of Transportation and may not be copied, distributed, displayed, reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from the California Department of Transportation. California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 Gavin Newsom Governor, State of California David S. Kim Secretary, California State Transportation Agency Toks Omishakin Director, California Department of Transportation California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 This page is intentionally blank. Gavin Newsom 915 Capitol Mall, Suite 350B Gov ernor Sacramento, CA 95814 916-323-5400 David S. Kim www.calsta.ca.gov Secretary Fellow Californians: On behalf of the California State Transportation Agency, I am pleased to present the California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 (CFMP). The CFMP is a statewide plan that governs California’s immediate and long-range freight planning activities and capital investments. The CFMP was developed to comply with the freight provisions of the Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, which requires each state that receives funding under the National Highway Freight Program to develop a freight plan. The CFMP was also developed to comply with California Government Code Section 13978.8 pertaining to the State freight plan. Freight is a critical component of the global, national, and state economies. Californians depend on a goods movement system that provides communities with their most vital necessities including food, medicine, and inputs for manufacturing in a timely, efficient manner. The freight sector is rapidly changing due to technological advancements, economic fluctuations, increasing demand, and environmental concerns. In the face of these changes and challenges, the CFMP articulates a vision of California having “the world’s most innovative, economically-competitive multimodal freight network that is efficient, reliable, modern, integrated, resilient, safe, and sustainable, where social and environmental impacts are considered equally.” The CFMP reinforces California’s leadership role in innovation and sustainability. The CFMP aligns with and supports many of the actions proposed within the California Sustainable Freight Action Plan including the State’s transition to a zero- and near-zero emission freight fleet, supporting marine highways and short line rail, and proposing alternative modes for last mile deliveries. I would like to thank the California Freight Advisory Committee, local, regional, State, and federal partners, stakeholders, the public, tribal governments, and private industries for the invaluable input they have provided. The California State Transportation Agency is a committed partner in creating a freight system that benefits all Californians. If you have any questions, please contact Jeanie Ward-Waller, Caltrans Deputy Director, Planning and Modal Programs, at (916) 654-5368 or by email to jeanie.ward- [email protected]. Sincerely, DAVID S. KIM Secretary California Transportation Commission • Board of Pilot Commissioners • California Highway Patrol • Department of M otor Vehicles Department of Transportation • High Speed Rail Authority • Office of Traffic Safety • New M otor Vehicle Board California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 Table of Contents Executive Summary – page 1 Chapters 1. Vision, Goals, and Objectives – page 10 A. Background – page 11 B. Vision, Goals, and Objectives -page 17 2. California Freight Competitiveness – page 29 3. Existing Freight System Conditions & Performance Based Needs Assessment – page 52 A. Existing Freight System Assets – page 53 B. Freight System Performance Assessment – page 85 4. Future of Freight – page 113 A. Trends, Issues, and Opportunities – page 114 B. Freight Flows and Forecast page – 147 5. Environmental Challenges, Opportunities, and Engagement – page 188 A. Environmental Impacts – page 189 B. Partnerships & Engagement – page 210 6. Implementation – page 222 A. Strategies and Objectives – page 223 B. Freight Investments – page 241 Glossary – page 313 Acronym List - page 329 Appendices – page 343 A. 2014 CFMP Goals, Objectives, Strategies, and Accomplishments – page 344 i California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 B. Freight System Policy Framework – page 352 C. California’s Competitive Position – page 371 D. National Highway Freight Network Mileage – page 416 E. Critical Urban Freight Corridor (CUFC) and Critical Rural Freight Corridor (CRFC) Designation Process – Page 423 F. Multistate Corridor Efforts – page 429 G. Truck Technology Types – page 433 H. Outreach Efforts Summary – page 435 I. Safety, Security, and Resiliency – page 442 J. Smart Growth and Urban Freight Considerations – page 459 K. Future Freight System Scenarios – page 484 L. 2018 California Freight Investment Plan – page 496 M. CFMP 2020 Project List – page 497 List of Figures and Tables Exec Summary Figure ES.1. California’s Major Freight Facilities Chapter 2 Figure 2.1. Shift in Coastal Import Shares Figure 2.2. Median Earnings Comparison, 2016 Chapter 3 Figure 3A.1. California's Major Freight Facilities Figure 3A.2. National Highway Freight Network in California Figure 3A.3. Strategic Interregional Corridors ii California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 Figure 3A.4. California-Mexico Land Border Ports of Entry Figure 3A.5. California Truck Parking Locations Figure 3A.6 California Alternate Fuel Corridors and Fueling Stations Figure 3A.7. California Weight-In-Motion Stations and Truck Activity Monitoring Stations Figure 3A.8. Railroad Ownership in California Figure 3A.9. California Petroleum Pipelines and Facilities Figure 3A.10. California Natural Gas Pipelines and Facilities Figure 3A.11. Major Warehouse and Distribution Centers in California Figure 3B.1.1. Impact of Congestion on Accessibility from San Pedro Bay Ports to Major Destinations, 7:45 AM Figure 3B.1.2. Impact of Congestion on Accessibility from San Pedro Bay Ports to Major Destinations, 12:00 AM Figure 3B.2.1. Impact of Congestion on Accessibility from Port of Oakland to Major Destinations, 7:45 AM Figure 3B.2.2. Impact of Congestion on Accessibility from Port of Oakland to Major Destinations, 12:00AM Figure 3B.3 Truck Collision Hot Spots Figure 3B.4 Truck Collision by Severity and VMT Growth, 2013-2017 Figure 3B.5. Heavy Rail Freight Traffic Corridor Bottlenecks Figure 3B.5.1. Heavy Rail Freight Traffic Corridor Bottlenecks in Southern California – Segments 1-4 Figure 3B.5.2. Heavy Rail Freight Traffic Corridor Bottlenecks in Northern California – Segments 5 and 6 Figure 3B.5.3. Heavy Rail Freight Traffic Corridor Bottlenecks in Northern California – Segment 7 Figure 3B.5.4. Heavy Rail Freight Traffic Corridor Bottlenecks in Northern California – Segment 8 Chapter 4 Figure 4A.1. Historical National Total and E-Commerce Retail Trade Sales, 2000-2017 Figure 4A.2. Time frames for Autonomous Truck Deployment Figure 4A.3. Truck Platooning Concept iii California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 Figure 4A.4. Hours of Service Rules Figure 4A.5. Interstate System Toll Roads in the United States Figure 4B.1. Freight Flows From, To, Within, and Through California Chapter 5 Figure 5A.1. CalEnviroScreen Top 25 Percent Disadvantaged Census Tracts by Air Basin Figure 5A.2. Distribution of Freight Jobs by County, 2010-2015 Figure 5A.3. Freight-related Emissions by County, 2010-2015 Chapter 6 Figure 6B.1. Map of CFMP Freight Investment Strategy Regions relative to Key Freight Routes in California Figure 6B.2. Freight-Related Statistics, U.S. 101 Central Coast California Figure 6B.3. Central Coast Agriculture Production Figure 6B.4. Central Coast California Regional Freight Flows by Direction of Movement (2012 and 2040) Figure 6B.5. Central Coast California Regional Freight Flows by Mode (2012) Figure 6B.6. Central Coast Key Highway Freight Routes Figure 6B.7. Existing Regional Goods Movement System Figure 6B.8. Manufacturing Firms in the Region Appendix C Figure C.1. A shift in Coastal Import Shares Figure C.2. U.S. Loaded Import TEU by Coast, 2000-2017 Figure C.3. Pacific Coast North America TEU Shares 1990-2017 Figure C.4. 2016 Median Earnings Comparison Figure C.5. California's Business Climate Rankings Figure C.6. State Economic Development Spending, Fiscal 2016 Figure C.7. Prince Rupert Rail Connections Appendix F iv California Freight Mobility Plan 2020 Figure F.1. America’s Marine Highway Routes Appendix J Figure J.1 California Urban Population Density Change in Major Cities, 1990-2019 Appendix K Figure K.1. The Shift of Workforce and Jobs from Dense, Urban Areas (Orange) to Rural Areas (Blue) Figure K.2. Truck Routes for Platooning and Autonomous Trucks Figure K.3. Defense urban Areas with Alternative Cargo Movers That Travel Less Than 50 Miles (List of Tables Continued Below) Chapter 1 Table 1A.1. FHWA Requirements and Chapter Contents Table 1B.1. 2020 CFMP Goals Table 1B.2 National Freight Goals and CFMP Goals Alignment Chapter 2 T able 2.1. Container Port Cargo Growth Rates 1990-2017 Tab le 2.2. Cost Comparison Chart Table