DOCUMENT RESUME ED 221 376 SE 039 135 TITLE Emergency Management Instruction. Instructor's Guide for Grades 7-9. INSTITUTION North Carolina State Div. of Emergency Management, Raleigh. SPONS AGENCY Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Apr 81 NOTE 138p.; May not reproduce well due to marginal legibility. EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Earth Science; *Emergency Programs; Fire Protection; Junior High Schools; Learning Activities; Pollution; *Safety Education; Science Education; *Secondary School Science; *Weather IDENTIFIERS Earthquakes; Floods; *Natural Disasters ABSTRACT Emergency Management education seeks to give students basic information about natural and man-made disasters,preparedness procedures, and survival techniques. The intent of thisguide is to aid teachers in presenting disaster survival instructionin the junior high school grades. The materials are designed tosupplement existing curricula, where appropriate, and are not intended tobe taught as self-contained units of instruction. Materialsinclude student learning objectives, a variety of instructionalstrategies, student-oriented activities, references, and sample evaluation guides. A media kit, consisting of visuals and handouts,is located at the end of the guide. These pages may be detachedand used as masters for handouts without destroying theintegrity of the guide. Disasters considered include hurricanes, floods, tornados, thunderstorms, winter stcrms, heat waves, earthquakes, volcanoes, fires, pollution, and nuclear/radiological emergencies. (Author/JN) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** DRAFT IG 1 .4 April 1981 CIYERGC110/ MANAGCMCNT OF EDUCATION U.S. DEPARTMENT INSTITUTE OFEDUCATION NATIONAL INFORMATION RESOURCES EDUCATIONAL CENTER IERICIreproduced as 1/This document has beenor organization I rom the person received INSTRUCTION originating it made to improve have been re/ Minor changes reproduction quality. (-NJ GIYIDES 7-9 stated in this docu- Points ol viewor opinions official NIE necessardy represent 1=, ment do not position or policy. REPRODUCE THIS "PERMISSION TO BY MATERIAL HASBEEN GRANTED federal emergency management agency RESOURCES TO THEEDUCATIONAL E:3 (ERIC)." INFORMATION CENTER EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT INSTRUCTION INSTRUCTOR'S GUIDE FOR GRADES 7-9 Prepared for the Federal EmergencyManagement Agency under contract with the North CarolinaDivision of Emergency Management. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction 2 Disasters and Emergency Management 9 Hurricane 18 Flood 23 Tornado 29 Thunderstorm 32 Winter Storm 37 Heat Wave 41 Earthquake 50 volcano 56 Man-Made Disasters and Emergencies Fire h6 Pollution 15 Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies 85 Eample Evaluations 88 Evaluations Answer Key . Etudent Reading List for Enrichment 91 INTRODUCTION A major emergency or disasteraffecting a large number of people can occur violent act of nature or a result ofhuman anytime and anywhere. It may be a hurricanes, tornadoes, error or carelessness. Natural disasters such as floods, blizzards, and earthquakes arecommon occurrences. With urbanization, industrialization and greater dependence onadvanced technology, the threats Fires, transportation accidents, ex- of man-made disasters have increased. plosions, toxic chemical spills, andradiological accidents can threaten an of all man-made disasters entire community. Of course, the most serious would be a nuclear attack on theUnited States. it is necessary to To meet the threats of anynatural or man-made disaster, neces- understand the hazards of disastersand learn the protective measures In a disaster, lives can besaved sary to increase thechances of survival. if people are prepared for the emergencyand know what actions to take when it occurs. information Emergency Management educationseeks to give students basic and survival about natural and man-madedisaster, preparedness procedures is to aid teachers in presenting techniques. The intent of this guide These materials disaster survival instruction inthe junior high grades. where appropriate, and are are designed tosupplement existing curricula, not intended to be taught asself-contained units of instruction. instructional aid and will It is hoped that this manualwill be a flexible It offers allow for individual classroomneeds and teacher preferences. student- student learning objectives, avariety of teaching procedures, A media kit, oriented activities, references,and sample evaluation guides. Guide, is located at made up of all visuals andhandouts in the Instructor and used as masters the end of this volume. These pages may be detached Guide. In for handouts without destroyingthe integrity of the Instructor and is encouraged using this guide, the teacher canbe selective in each area facilitate learning. to develop individuallydesigned activities to in North Carolina who This guide represents thework of a group of teachers materials in their 'participated in developmentalworkshops and tested the recommendations of the teachers classrooms. The reported experiences and using the materials have beenthe basis for this manual. 1 DISASTERS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT A natural disaster isan occrwrence in nature which threatens the health, safety, or property of a community or larger areas. People have very little or no control over these disastrous phenomena. In contrast, man-made disasters are those which are created bypeople or are the result of industrial or techno- logical accidents. Regardless of the type of disaster, precautions can be taken to enhance individual and community survival. ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT There will always be emergencies and disasters. EmergencyManagement repre- sents the cooperative effort of numerous government agencies and private orga- nizations involved in planning for and responding to emergencies and disasters. The federal government provides coordination, guidance, and assistance to the states. In turn, the states coordinate federal and state programs that support and strengthen local emergency preparedness programs. The success of any Emer- gencyManagement program is determined in the local community since this is where lives and property are saved or lost when disaster strikes. Local and state governments have the primaryresponsibility in preparing for emergencies, conducting operations during a crisis, and assisting in recovery measures. Support and dssistance for these efforts are provided by the federal government, private organizations, and concerned citizens. Among the organiza- tions involved in emergency and disaster services are the following: Fire Department Civil Preparedness Office Sheriff Department National Guard Police Department State Police Office of Emergency Management National Weather Service Emergency Medical Services Federal Emergency Management Agency Public Health Department American Red Cross Resc,,e. Squad Salvation Army Hospitals Utility Companies Department of Sociai Services FUNCTIONS OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Emergency Management can be definedas all measures taken to plan and prepare tor, respond to, dnd recoverfrom disasters and hazards of all types,ranging from safety and protection in the home and community to nuclear attack. To mitigate the effects of emergenciesand disasters is the ultimate purpose of these emergency preparations and actions. When a disaster threatens, effective emergency servicescan mirimize the loss of life and property. Citizens must be warned and instructedoa t'^ appropri- ate actions to take. Entire communities may need to be evacuated and people fed and housed until the danger isover. A search in the damaged area for in- jured people may be necessary. First aid and medical services must beavail- able. Emergencycommunications will be needed. With careful planning and coordination ot them2 dive rse operations, survival chances are greatly en- hanced. 2 DEFINITIONS safety or property of a com- Disaster an occurrence threateningthe health, munity or larger area. A disaster can be either natural orman-made. resulting state Emergency an unforeseen combination of circumstances or the that calls for immediate action. Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) broadcastingstations and interconnecting facilities which have been authorizedby the Federal CommunicationsCommission to operate in a controlledmanner during a war, state of public peril ordi- saster, or other national emergency. Emergency rTerating Center (DiC) -the protected site from whichcivil govern- federal) exercise direction and ment officials (municipal, county, state, and control in an emergency. Shelter - a structure or space used toprotect its occupants during a natural attack. or man-made disaster,nuclear radiation emergencies, or enemy Survive - to continue to exist orlive after a time, event, ordisaster. extraordinary WABNIN(; - the alerting of thepublic to an immediate threat of danger, including natural and man-madedisasters and enemy attack. possible and pose a WATCH an announcement that hazardous conditions are threat to an area. Weather Ser- Weather Advisory - information issued regularly by the National conditions that may be caused vice to alert the public topossible hazardous by severe weather. LEARNING OBJECTIVE man-made di- The stadent- will define disasterand cite examples of natural and saster. ACTIVITIES and discusswith the class the nature 1. huw a film