BUNKA-CHO ART PLATFORM JAPAN TRANSLATION PROJECT STYLE GUIDE v.2021.02.24 COMPILED BY Andrew Maerkle WITH GUIDANCE FROM Reiko Tomii and Meg Taylor AND CONTRIBUTIONS BY Sam Bett, Michio Hayashi, Nina Horisaki-Christens, Chikako Imoto, Kenji Kajiya, William Marotti, Natsuko Odate, Renna Okubo, Yuka Uematsu, Akiko Yamagata 1 0. PRELIMINARIES ....................................................................................................... 4 1. TRANSLATION PRINCIPLES .................................................................................... 5 1.1 Adjustments to the Source Text......................................................................................... 5 1.2 Supplementing Subjects and Objects ................................................................................ 6 1.3 Breaking Up Sentences ...................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Reconstructing Broken Syntax .......................................................................................... 7 1.5 Bias-Free Language ........................................................................................................... 8 1.6 Terminology ...................................................................................................................... 8 1.7 Style .................................................................................................................................. 9 1.8 Foreign/Not Foreign .......................................................................................................... 9 1.9 Quoted Material and Quotation Marks ............................................................................. 9 1.10 Fact Checking ............................................................................................................... 10 1.11 Translator’s Notes ......................................................................................................... 10 2. JAPANESE IN ENGLISH ......................................................................................... 11 2.1 Romanization Quick Hits ................................................................................................ 11 2.2 Macrons .......................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Kanji ............................................................................................................................... 12 2.4 Plurals ............................................................................................................................. 12 2.5 Names and Their Capitalization ...................................................................................... 12 2.6 Titles of Japanese Works ................................................................................................. 13 2.7 Notable Exhibitions ......................................................................................................... 14 2.8 Notable Groups and Movements ..................................................................................... 15 2.9 Other Names and Terms ................................................................................................. 17 2.11 Problem Words ............................................................................................................. 20 3. ENGLISH USAGE ..................................................................................................... 21 3.1 Commas .......................................................................................................................... 21 3.2 Quotation Marks ............................................................................................................. 21 3.3 Words as Words .............................................................................................................. 21 3.4 Possessives ....................................................................................................................... 22 3.5 Dashes and Hyphens ....................................................................................................... 22 3.6 Ellipses ............................................................................................................................ 22 3.7 Initials, Initialisms ........................................................................................................... 22 3.8 Types of Capitalization .................................................................................................... 22 3.9 Present Tense .................................................................................................................. 23 2 3.10 Romanization of Other Languages ................................................................................ 23 4. ART USAGE .............................................................................................................. 23 4.1 Titles of Artworks ........................................................................................................... 23 4.2 Titles of Artwork Series .................................................................................................. 24 4.3 Titles of Exhibitions ........................................................................................................ 24 4.4 Venue Names................................................................................................................... 24 4.5 Art Terminology ............................................................................................................. 24 4.6 Variant Spellings ............................................................................................................. 26 4.7 Words from Foreign Languages ...................................................................................... 26 4.8 Art Movements ............................................................................................................... 27 5. NUMBERS ................................................................................................................ 28 5.1 Spelling Out .................................................................................................................... 28 5.2 Numerals and Measurements .......................................................................................... 29 5.3 Centuries ......................................................................................................................... 29 5.4 Decades ........................................................................................................................... 29 5.5 Dates and Times .............................................................................................................. 29 5.6 Date Spans ...................................................................................................................... 29 6. CITATIONS ............................................................................................................... 29 6.1. Basic Note Format .......................................................................................................... 30 6.2 Basic Bibliography Entry Format ................................................................................... 30 6.3 Editor in Place of Author ................................................................................................ 30 6.4 Author with Editor or Translator ................................................................................... 30 6.5 Citing an Article .............................................................................................................. 31 6.6 Citing a Chapter in an Edited Book ................................................................................ 31 6.7 Exhibition Catalogues ..................................................................................................... 32 6.8 Short Form ...................................................................................................................... 32 6.9 Citing a Foreign-Language Source .................................................................................. 33 3 0. PRELIMINARIES English follows American usage and spelling as established by the Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition) and Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (11th edition), with some exceptions noted below. Both sources may be accessed online: see https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/home.html (subscription required); and https://www.merriam-webster.com. Submit translations as MS Word documents. Insert notes using MS Word’s embedded footnotes function. File names begin with the prefix “AP_” followed by an assigned theme code, e.g., “A01_,” then the author’s last name, “Author_,” and the short form of the Japanese title in Japanese, タイトル. For the first translation draft, add the tag “_EN” and your Translator Initials, e.g., “_TI.” Each edit of the document will be initialed by the Reviewing Editor, e.g., “_RE”; each new revision of the translation will be labeled with a version tag, starting from “_v2_TI.” Example: AP_A01_Author_サンプル_EN_TI.doc AP_A01_Author_サンプル_EN_TI_RE.doc AP_A01_Author_サンプル_EN_v2_TI.doc Translations will undergo at least two stages of editing: (1) Cross-checking by an editor who will do a line-by-line comparison of the source text and translation and then offer constructive feedback on accuracy, word choice, and consistency. Translators are encouraged