Final Report ALCOHOL CONSUMER SURVEY BOTSWANA For INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR RESPONSIBLE DRINKING By March 2017 Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 6 Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 6 Findings ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Prevalence of Alcohol Consumption in Botswana .......................................................................... 6 Most widely consumed alcohol varieties in Botswana ................................................................... 6 Volume of Alcohol Consumption .................................................................................................... 7 Attitudes towards Alcohol Consumption ........................................................................................ 8 1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 IARD – Alcohol Consumer Survey ......................................................................................... 10 1.1.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 10 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Sampling ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.2.1 Population ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Sample size determination ........................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 Sample ........................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Data Collection Instrument ................................................................................................... 14 2.3.1 Translation & Back-translation of Instrument .............................................................. 14 2.4 Analysis Methodology ........................................................................................................... 15 2.4.1 Computation of Volume of Pure Alcohol (VPA) ............................................................ 15 2.4.2 Computation of National Volume of Pure Alcohol (NVPA) ........................................... 15 2.4.3 Computation of Per Capita VPA .................................................................................... 16 2.4.4 Testing for Association between Variables ................................................................... 16 SURVEY FINDINGS ................................................................................................................................. 17 3 Demographics ............................................................................................................................... 17 3.1 Household Composition ........................................................................................................ 17 3.2 Respondent Demographics ................................................................................................... 20 4 Prevalence of Alcohol Consumption ............................................................................................. 26 4.1 Distribution of Alcohol Consumption Status by Location, Gender and Age ......................... 27 5 Distribution of Different Beverages .............................................................................................. 30 5.1 Beverage Preference: Commercial Varieties ........................................................................ 30 5.1.1 Distribution by Gender, Age, Location and Household Income.................................... 30 Botswana Alcohol Consumer Survey – Final Report - February 2017 1 5.2 Beverage Preference: Homemade Varieties ......................................................................... 34 6 Estimating Volume of Pure Alcohol Consumed ............................................................................ 37 6.1 Total Volume of Pure Alcohol by Commercial Beverage Variety .......................................... 39 6.2 Total Volume of Pure Alcohol by Homemade Beverage Variety .......................................... 44 6.3 Observations ......................................................................................................................... 45 7 Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Health..................................................................................... 46 7.1 Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Health............................................................................. 46 7.2 Episodic Drinking ................................................................................................................... 48 8 Perceptions and Attitudes ............................................................................................................ 55 8.1 Perceptions and Attitudes of Current Drinkers .................................................................... 55 8.1.1 Impact of Alcohol Consumption ................................................................................... 55 8.1.2 Drink Driving.................................................................................................................. 56 8.1.3 Outcomes of Drinking ................................................................................................... 58 8.1.4 Motivation for Drinking: Current Drinkers .................................................................... 59 8.1.5 Moderation ................................................................................................................... 61 8.2 Perceptions and Attitudes of Former Drinkers ..................................................................... 63 8.2.1 Outcomes (Former Drinkers) ........................................................................................ 63 8.2.2 Motivation (Former Drinkers) ....................................................................................... 64 8.2.3 Moderation (Former Drinkers)...................................................................................... 66 8.3 Perceptions and Attitudes of Lifetime Abstainers ................................................................ 68 8.3.1 Motivation for Not Drinking .......................................................................................... 68 8.4 Attitudes to Alcohol Policy .................................................................................................... 70 8.4.1 Current Drinkers ............................................................................................................ 71 8.4.2 Former Drinkers ............................................................................................................ 72 8.4.3 Lifetime Abstainers ....................................................................................................... 73 9 Reasons for Drinking Homemade (Non-Commercial) Alcohol ..................................................... 74 10 Price Elasticity of Demand ........................................................................................................ 77 10.1 Hypothetical 33% Price Increase ........................................................................................... 77 10.2 Hypothetical 66% Price Increase ........................................................................................... 79 10.3 Comparison: Responses to 33% and 66% Price Increase ...................................................... 81 11 Appendix ................................................................................................................................... 83 11.1 Data Collection / Fieldwork ................................................................................................... 83 11.1.1 Field Logistics Plan ........................................................................................................ 83 11.1.2 Field Team Travel and Accommodation ....................................................................... 84 11.2 Recruitment Plan .................................................................................................................. 84 11.2.1 Preliminary Recruitment of Data Collectors and Supervisors ....................................... 84 Botswana Alcohol Consumer Survey – Final Report - February 2017 2 11.2.2 Final Team Selection ..................................................................................................... 85 11.3 Training Plan ......................................................................................................................... 85 11.3.1 Training Workshop ........................................................................................................ 85 11.4 Confidentiality and Informed Consent .................................................................................