Journal of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technology Review When Boeing is Dreaming – a Review 1Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu, 2Raffaella Aversa, 3Bilal Akash, 4Juan Corchado, 2Antonio Apicella and 1Florian Ion T. Petrescu 1ARoTMM-IFToMM, Bucharest Polytechnic University, Bucharest, (CE), Romania 2Advanced Material Lab, Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Second University of Naples, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy 3Dean of School of Graduate Studies and Research, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, UAE 4University of Salamanca, Spain Article history Abstract: Boeing is an aeronautical and aerospace manufacturer. Its head Received: 17-04-2017 office is located in Chicago, Illinois. Its two largest plants are located in Revised: 09-05-2017 Wichita, Kansas and Everett, near Seattle. This aircraft manufacturer Accepted: 07-07-2017 specializes in the design of civil aircraft, but also in military aircraft, helicopters Corresponding Author: and in satellites and rockets with its Boeing Defense, Space and Security Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu division. In 2012, it ranks second in world military equipment sales. The ARoTMM-IFToMM, Bucharest company was born on July 15, 1916, thanks to its two fathers William E. Polytechnic University, Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt and is named "B and W". Shortly Bucharest, (CE), Romania afterwards, his name became "Pacific Aero Products" and finally "Boeing E-mail: [email protected] Airplane Company". In 1938, Boeing commissioned the 307 Stratoliner; It was the first airplane with pressurized cabin; He was able to fly at a cruising altitude of 20,000 feet, so above most weather disturbances, making him the strongest aircraft in the Boeing fleet. In response to the concentration move in the US defense industry initiated by its competitor Lockheed in 1995, Boeing acquired Rockwell International's space and defense operations in August 1996 for $3.2 billion. Rockwell was the manufacturer of the seven US space shuttles (Enterprise, Pathfinder, Columbia, Atlantis, Endeavor, Discovery and Challenger). Then, Boeing bought the number two defense equipment behind Lockheed Martin that is McDonnell Douglas, for $13 billion in August 1997. McDonnell Douglas was the manufacturer of the Delta launchers. In 1999, the Boeing aircraft manufacturer sold 620 aircraft; in 2004, deliveries fell to 285 aircraft. It is now overtaken by its European competitor Airbus in orders since 2002 and in deliveries since 2004 (Source: Le Monde, 13 June 2005). In 2005, in a record market, the company announces 1,005 orders (of which 569 B737, 235 B787 and 154 B777) surpassed again by Airbus of about fifty aircraft. Boeing became the world's first aircraft manufacturer in 2006 with 1,044 orders versus 824 for Airbus. In 2008, Boeing is the world leader in the defense sector. In November 2016, Boeing announced a restructuring of its defense arm with the suppression of 500 positions, the closure of two plants in El Paso and Newington and the displacement of 2,000 employees. Keywords: Aviation, Boeing, Aeronautical, Aerospace Manufacturer, Boeing Industry, Military Aircraft, Defense Sector Introduction but also in military aircraft, helicopters and in satellites and rockets with its Boeing Defense, Space and Security Boeing is an aeronautical and aerospace division (Boeing; Boeing, From Wikipedia). In 2012, it manufacturer. Its head office is located in Chicago, ranks second in world military equipment sales. The Illinois. Its two largest plants are located in Wichita, company was born on July 15, 1916, thanks to its two Kansas and Everett, near Seattle. This aircraft fathers William E. Boeing and George Conrad manufacturer specializes in the design of civil aircraft, Westervelt and is named "B and W". © 2017 Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu, Raffaella Aversa, Bilal Akash, Juan Corchado, Antonio Apicella and Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu. This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license. Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu et al . / Journal of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technology 2017, 1 (3): 149.161 DOI: 10.3844/jastsp.2017.149.161 Shortly afterwards, his name became "Pacific Aero decided to build seaplane B and W after he flew into a Products" and finally "Boeing Airplane Company". In Curtiss biplane aircraft. Boeing bought a Glenn Martin 1938, Boeing commissioned the 307 Stratoliner; It was "Flying Birdcage" a (so-called because of all the type- the first airplane with pressurized cabin; He was able to wires which together hold) and has been taught to fly by fly at a cruising altitude of 20,000 feet, so above most Glenn Martin himself. Boeing crashed soon the cage and weather disturbances, making him the strongest aircraft in when Martin informed the Boeing spare parts should not the Boeing fleet. In response to the concentration move in become available for months, Boeing realized that could the US defense industry initiated by its competitor build your own aircraft in that period of time. Him and his Lockheed in 1995, Boeing acquired Rockwell friend or the Democratic Convention (CDR). George International's space and defense operations in August Conrad Westervelt has agreed to build a better and soon 1996 for $3.2 billion. Rockwell was the manufacturer of seaplane product B and W. This first Boeing plane has been the seven US space shuttles (Enterprise, Pathfinder, assembled in a hangar on the shore of the lake located on Columbia, Atlantis, Endeavor, Discovery and Challenger). the banks of the north-east of the Lake Union Seattle. Many Then, Boeing bought the number two defense equipment of the aircraft early Boeing have been seaplanes. behind Lockheed Martin, that is McDonnell Douglas, for The company was born on July 15, 1916, thanks to $13 billion in August 1997. McDonnell Douglas was the its two fathers William E. Boeing and George Conrad manufacturer of the Delta launchers. In 1999, the Boeing Westervelt and is named "B & W". Shortly afterwards, aircraft manufacturer sold 620 aircraft; in 2004, his name became "Pacific Aero Products" and finally deliveries fell to 285 aircraft. It is now overtaken by its "Boeing Airplane Company". European competitor Airbus in orders since 2002 and in On 6 April, 1917, USA declared war on Germany deliveries since 2004 (Source: Le Monde, 13 June 2005). and later in the course of the year in the First World War In 2005, in a record market, the company announces I. On 9 May 1917, the company became the "Company 1,005 orders (of which 569 B737, 235 B787 and 154 Boeing Airplane". With the entry in the war in the USA, B777) surpassed again by Airbus of about fifty aircraft. Boeing knew that US Titles seaplanes necessary for Boeing became the world's first aircraft manufacturer in training. So Boeing was sent two new model Cs for 2006 with 1,044 orders versus 82 4 for Airbus. In 2008, Pensacola, Florida, in the case in which those airplanes Boeing is the world leader in the defense sector. In were flown to the Marina. Marina liked the C and ordered the 50 May. The company moved its operations November 2016, Boeing announced a restructuring of its in a former installation the shipbuilding greater, known defense arm with the suppression of 500 positions, the under the name Boeing Plant 1, situated on the lower closure of two plants in El Paso and Newington and the Duwamish, Washington State. displacement of 2,000 employees (Petrescu and Petrescu, In 1917, with the entry of the United States, the 2011; 2012; 2013a; 2013b; 2013c). Navy ordered 50 Model C training aircraft, the first order from Boeing. Boeing History At the end of the First World War, in 1918, a surplus In March 1910, William E. Boeing bought the of cheap military aircraft used floods on the market, shipyard Heath in Seattle on the river Duwamish, who preventing airlines from selling any new aircraft, leading later became the first factory of the plane. Boeing has many businesses. Others, including Boeing, began selling other products. Boeing built cabinets, stands and been incorporated in Seattle by William Boeing on 15 furniture along with flatbottomed boats called Sea Sleds. July 1916, as "Pacific Aero Products Co". Boeing later In 1919 Boeing B-1, the flight boat made its first has been incorporated in Delaware, the registration flight. He hosted a pilot and two passengers and several certificate has been deposited with the secretary of state emails. Within eight years, he made international flights from Delaware, on 19 July 1934. Boeing, who has by plane from Seattle to Victoria, British Columbia. On studied at the Yale University, has worked initially in the May 24, 1920, Boeing 8 made his first flight. It was the Wood Industry, where has become rich and learned first plane flying over Mount Rainier. about the wooden structures. In 1923, Boeing competed against Curtiss to develop This knowledge proved to be invaluable in the design a US Air Force fighter. Although Curtiss finished his of the subsequent and assembling of aircraft. The project and received the contract, Boeing continued to company has remained in Seattle to take advantage of develop his PW-9 fighter. The plane, along with the the offer of local spruce wood. Boeing P-12/F4B fighter, made Boeing a major aircraft William Boeing has founded the company to a few manufacturer over the next decade. months after 15 June of the inaugural flight of one of the In 1925, Boeing built his Model 40 aircraft for the two seaplanes "B and W" built using George Conrad US government, which he used for air routes. In 1927, Westervelt an engineer US titles. Boeing Westervelt and an improved version of this 40A aircraft was built, which 150 Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu et al . / Journal of Aircraft and Spacecraft Technology 2017, 1 (3): 149.161 DOI: 10.3844/jastsp.2017.149.161 won the US email contract to deliver mail between San products.