Table of Contents TOPIC #1: THE NATURE OF PROPERTY ..................................................................................................................................... 3 1. WHAT IS PROPERTY?.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 “Property and the Right to Exclude” T.W. Merril, ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2. THE CASE FOR PRIVATE PROPERTY ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Why do we have Private Property? (Justifications for Private Property- C. Lewis’ Article) .................................................... 4 Dominance of Efficiency in the 21st Century .................................................................................................................................................. 4 3. WHAT THINGS SHOULD BE AMENABLE TO OWNERSHIP? ASSESSING NOVEL CLAIMS ........................................................................... 5 Numerus Clausis Concept ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 TOPIC 2: PROPERTY IN PERSPECTIVE ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1. THE SOURCES OF CANADIAN PROPERTY LAW (CRIBBET AND JOHNSON)................................................................................................. 7 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 The Doctrine of tenures ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Decay of Feudal System ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 2. PROPERTY LAW CATEGORIES (CHAMBERS) ................................................................................................................................................... 8 3. PROPERTY, CLASS, AND POVERTY .................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Controlling Misconduct in City Space ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 4. PROTECTIONS OF PROPERTY FROM STATE CONFISCATION ....................................................................................................................... 11 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Constitution Act 1982... ....................................................................................... 11 Other Canadian Protections ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Constructive Expropriation ................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 a) American Approach ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 b) The Canadian Position ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Impact of NAFTA ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Canada- Peru FIPA (2008) ................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Should Canadian Constitution be amended to protect property rights?........................................................................................ 13 CHAPTER 3: BOUNDARIES ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 1. LAND: AIRSPACE AND SUBSURFACE RIGHTS ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Above the Surface ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Below the Surface ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 Economic Perspective – Coase Theorem ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Mines and Minerals (Barton) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Statutory stuff for M&M access etc. ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 3. LATERAL BOUNDARIES .................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Land Bounded by Land .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Land Bound by Water ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 4. FIXTURES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Nature, Content, and Rationale ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Elements ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Test For Fixtures:...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Tenants Fixtures ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 5. THE TRANSFORMATION OF CHATTELS .......................................................................................................................................................... 23 1) Confusion/Intermixture .................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 2) Accession ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 3) Specificatio (alteration) .................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 BOUNDARIES, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ............................................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. Patent............................................................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER 4: THE CONCEPT OF POSSESSION ........................................................................................................................... 26 1. THE RELEVANCE OF POSSESSION IN THE LAW: AN OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 26 2. ELEMENTS OF POSSESSION- GENERALLY .....................................................................................................................................................