The Bridge Volume 33 Number 2 Article 9 2010 LETTERS FROM HAMPTON James Iversen Birgit Flemming Larsen Berry Johnson Doreen Petersen Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/thebridge Part of the European History Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, and the Regional Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Iversen, James; Larsen, Birgit Flemming; Johnson, Berry; and Petersen, Doreen (2010) "LETTERS FROM HAMPTON," The Bridge: Vol. 33 : No. 2 , Article 9. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/thebridge/vol33/iss2/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Bridge by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. LETTERS FROM HAMPTON By James Iversen, Birgit Flemming Larsen, Berry Johnson, and Doreen Petersen A unique house filled with memories and memorabilia stands on the west edge of the Franklin County Seat town of Hampton, Iowa. The house and barn and 12 acres, situated in a pleasant & picturesque semi-rural setting, was the home of the Christian Nielsen and his wife Anna, born Jensen, from the time of their purchase of the property in 1920 until the death of their youngest daughter in 2001. Danish Immigration to the Hampton Area The history of the Anna and Christian Nielsen family is part of a history of a group of Danish immigrants that survived economically and socially after being transplanted to the United States of America. These Danes settled over years in the Latimer and Coulter area near Hampton in Franklin County, Iowa. In the late 1860s two Danish real estate salesmen came to the area to sell land. They advertised in Danish-American newspapers as well in newspapers in Denmark. It turned out that there was an interest among Danes to come to this part of Iowa to farm. Some came directly from Denmark; others came from elsewhere in Iowa and from the states of Illinois and Wisconsin. A Danish Colony A strong Danish colony began to form. Latimer was a station along the Iowa Central Railroad Line. The railroad was a lifeline for many small rural communities and provided a means of transportation to neighboring settlements. Coulter was a station on the Chicago Great Western Railroad Line and got the name Little Denmark, placed as it was in the middle of a fairly large rural settlement. Two Danish congregations were formed only four miles apart. The West Church known as St. Peter´s Danish Lutheran Church, and The East Church known as St. John’s Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church. In the beginning neither of them had a church building. Services were held in schoolhouses and private homes. The former erected a church 29 building in 1893 which was destroyed by lightening in 1899. A new church was built in 1903. Because of decreasing membership the congregation was dissolved in the early 1920s. The latter built their church in 1888 and a parish hall in 1897. St. John´s Church. 2007 Sunday school was organized from 1885, and a Ladies´ Aid Society started already in 1883. In 1902 the Young People’s Society was established to serve the needs and the interest of the young people of the congregation. The society got the name Dannebrog and had programs of music, song, lectures, readings, summer picnics, dance and gymnastics. A schism in the Lutheran Church in Denmark had also influenced the church life in Danish churches in the US. A new congregation was born in the area in 1902, named the Nazareth Danish Evangelical Lutheran Congregation, and a church was built south of Coulter. In 1905 the Danish Brotherhood Lodge no 221, Atterdag, was established in Latimer and had from the beginning about 30 members. The purpose was to support each other in case of sickness, distress, unemployment etc. Being in a new country and 30 in a new community the immigrants felt the need to support each other. The Danish Brotherhood Hall became a social center for Latimer with many events such as wedding dances, plays, travelling shows and Danish folk dance. In 1911 the Danish Sisterhood Lodge no 124 Dannebrog was started. A growing number of Danes came to this area and among those members of the Nielsen and Jensen families. Presentation of the Nielsen and Jensen families Christian Nielsen was born on the farm Kisum Overgaard, just outside the city of Skive in Jutland, Denmark on July 4, 1878, the sixth of eight children of Niels Jensen and Mette Nielsen Jensen.1 In the 1890s he served his apprenticeship with a cabinetmaker in Skive and after that journeyed to several places in Denmark. One of his jobs was located in or near Haslev, a town about 50 km (30 miles) southwest of Copenhagen on the island of Sealand. Anna Petrea Nielsine Jensen was the eldest of four children of Peter and Marie Johanne Jensen.1 She was born on March 22, 1882, in Simmendrup in the parish of Førslev near the town of Haslev. Anna went to school in Haslev and after her confirmation in 1896 she went into service in Haslev from 1896-1898, part of the time at a baker and confectioner. For a year she served at a large farm near Ørslev and returned to Haslev where she stayed until October 1900. In 1899 she became engaged to be married to Poul Christian Nielsen. Soon after she moved to Copenhagen and served at different places until her marriage in 1902. As noted three of Christianʹs siblings immigrated to the United States in the 1890s. This pull of family members already living in the United States near Hampton, Iowa became the incentive for Christian and Anna when they decided to emigrate. So, even though he was doing well in his chosen profession in Copenhagen, they left Denmark in March 1905, and joined the relatives in Franklin County, Iowa. Christian did not work as carpenter in the New World, but started out as a farmhand, working for other Danish immigrants in Franklin County. After several years he had accumulated enough money to buy farmland, and bought and sold several times until buying a tract 31 of land on the west side of the County Seat town of Hampton. The house had been built in the late 1800s by the town doctor, O.B.Harriman, and the house and acreage had been sold to Danish immigrants, Henry and Cathrine Skow, in 1905. The Nielsen’s purchased the house and acreage from the Skows in 1920, paying $15,500. The property includes a second, smaller house across the street, which Dr. Harriman had built for his son. Christian and Anna Nielsen on their wedding-day in 1902 32 The Harriman-Nielsen property. 2007 Anna and Christian had two daughters, Petrea, who was born in 1908, and Nielsine, born in 1911. The two girls never married, so what is now known as the Harriman-Nielsen property was the family home until Nielsine died at the age of 89 in January, 2001. Nielsine had been an active member of the Franklin County Historical Society, and since there were no other descendants of the Christian Nielsen family still living at the time of her death, she willed her property to the Historical Society. The Letters The Franklin County Historical Society appointed a special committee to oversee the newly inherited property. The Harriman- Nielsen board members and other volunteers have since spent countless hours in examining the property, recording the vast number of artifacts and documentary materials, and repairing and reconditioning the property for public use as a museum. Among the surprising materials found on the estate is a series of letters, about 2,300 in all, of which about 2000 are written in the Danish language. Christian and Anna brought their old correspondence written from 1897 to 1905 across the Atlantic when they left 33 Denmark in early 1905, which means that the collection of letters covers a century of life, from 1897-1999. The Harriman-Nielsen Farm is historically important, not primarily because of its distinctive architecture and the natural beauty of the site, but, to a greater degree, because of the artifacts and the archival materials saved and left behind by the Nielsen family. The letter collection is important, not only because the family members were well-known citizens of the community, but because the surviving letters and documents typify the immigrant story in a very detailed way. Most of the 2000 letters in the Danish language were written to the family by relatives and close friends. Most are from Denmark, but there are quite a few from close relatives and friends who lived in other parts of the United States. The two daughters, Petrea and Nielsine, probably grew up speaking only Danish until they started school. In 1920, after the purchase of the acreage just west of Hampton, the family went on an extended trip to Denmark. After three months in Denmark, both girls were quite fluent in spoken Danish. In the summers of 1928 and 1929, the girls each attended one summer session at the Danebod Folk School in Tyler, Minnesota, and that is where they learned to read and write in Danish, so that most of the letters written by or to Petrea and Nielsine after the late 1920s are also in the Danish language. About that time, the girls started keeping copies of the letters that they wrote, so that in many cases, both sides of the correspondence are in the collection. The letters and other kinds of archival documents constitute a historically important body of material for historical research.