and Other Drugs Asia and the Pacific Global SMART Programme 2010 Outline-5.indd 1 11/11/2010 12:19:20 AM Printed: November 2010 Authorship: Global SMART Programme Global team: Dr. Justice Tettey, Chief, Laboratory and Scienti c Section Ms. Beate Hammond, Programme Expert/Global SMART Manager Mr. Matthew Nice, Research Expert East Asia team: Ms. Deepika Naruka, Regional Programme Coordinator Mr. Tun Nay Soe, Information and Database Systems Specialist Mr. Shawn Kelley, Research Analyst Disclaimer: This document has not been formally edited. The boundaries, names and designations used do not imply of cial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Outline-5.indd 2 11/11/2010 12:19:21 AM Patterns and Trends of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants and Other Drugs: Asia and the Paci c 2010 A Report from the Global SMART Programme November 2010 United Nations Of ce on Drugs and Crime Outline-5.indd 3 11/11/2010 12:19:21 AM Table of contents Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................i The Global SMART Programme ................................................................................................. ii Abbreviations...............................................................................................................................iii List of tables and gures ............................................................................................................ v Notes to the reader ...................................................................................................................viii Executive Summary .....................................................................................................................1 Background and Method .............................................................................................................3 Regional Trends............................................................................................................................5 East and Southeast Asia ..........................................................................................................7 Paci c Island States and Territories .................................................................................... 27 South Asia ...............................................................................................................................33 National Trends .......................................................................................................................... 41 Australia ...................................................................................................................................43 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................43 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................43 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................44 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................45 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................45 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................48 Forensic data ........................................................................................................................ 49 Emerging trends and concerns ..............................................................................................49 Brunei Darussalam .................................................................................................................51 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................51 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................51 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................52 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................52 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................52 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................54 Forensic data .........................................................................................................................55 Emerging trends and concerns ..............................................................................................55 Cambodia .................................................................................................................................57 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................57 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................57 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................58 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................58 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................59 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................61 Forensic data ........................................................................................................................ 61 Emerging trends and concerns ..............................................................................................61 China ........................................................................................................................................63 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................63 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................63 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................64 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................64 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................64 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................66 Forensic data ........................................................................................................................ 66 Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) .......................................................... 67 Emerging trends and concerns ..............................................................................................68 Outline-5.indd 4 11/11/2010 12:19:21 AM Indonesia .................................................................................................................................69 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................69 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................69 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................70 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................70 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................71 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................72 Forensic data ........................................................................................................................ 73 Emerging trends and concerns ..............................................................................................73 Japan ........................................................................................................................................75 Overview of the drug situation ...............................................................................................75 Patterns and trends of drug use............................................................................................75 Injecting drug use ..................................................................................................................76 Drug treatment .......................................................................................................................76 Drug-related arrests, seizures and prices ..............................................................................76 Sources of illicit drugs ............................................................................................................78