Wessex Archaeology Caerau Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation and Assessment of Results Ref: 85201 February 2013 Caerau Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation and Assessment of Results Prepared for: Videotext Communications Ltd 11 St Andrews Crescent CARDIFF CF10 3DB Prepared by: Wessex Archaeology Portway House Old Sarum Park SALISBURY Wiltshire SP4 6EB www.wessexarch.co.uk February 2013 Report Ref: 85201.01 © Wessex Archaeology Ltd 2013, all rights reserved Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a Registered Charity No. 287786 (England & Wales) and SC042630 (Scotland) Caerau, Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation Report and Assessment of Results Quality Assurance Project Code 85201 Accession N/A Client N/A Code Ref. Planning N/A Ordnance Survey 313335, 174970 Application (OS) national grid Ref. reference (NGR) Version Status* Prepared by Checked and Approver’s Signature Date Approved By v01 F N Brennan L Mepham 12/02/13 File: File: File: File: File: * I = Internal Draft; E = External Draft; F = Final DISCLAIMER THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT WAS DESIGNED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF A REPORT TO AN INDIVIDUAL CLIENT AND WAS PREPARED SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THAT CLIENT. THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT DOES NOT NECESSARILY STAND ON ITS OWN AND IS NOT INTENDED TO NOR SHOULD IT BE RELIED UPON BY ANY THIRD PARTY. 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Caerau, Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation Report and Assessment of Results Caerau Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation and Assessment of Results Contents Summary...........................................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................v 1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Background..............................................................................................................1 1.2 The Site, location and geology.............................................................................................1 1.3 Archaeological Background .................................................................................................2 1.4 Previous Archaeological Work .............................................................................................2 2 METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................2 2.1 Aims and Objectives ............................................................................................................2 2.2 Fieldwork methodology ........................................................................................................3 Geophysical Survey....................................................................................................3 Evaluation Trenches ...................................................................................................3 Copyright ....................................................................................................................4 3 RESULTS ............................................................................................................................4 3.2 Geophysical Results ............................................................................................................4 Results........................................................................................................................4 3.3 Evaluation Trenches ............................................................................................................5 Trench 1 (Figure 2) ....................................................................................................5 Trench 2 (Figure 3) ....................................................................................................6 Trench 3 (Figure 4) ....................................................................................................7 Trench 4 (Figure 5) ....................................................................................................8 Trench 5 (Figure 6) ....................................................................................................8 Trench 6 (Figure 7) ....................................................................................................9 4 FINDS ..................................................................................................................................9 4.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................9 4.2 Pottery................................................................................................................................10 Prehistoric.................................................................................................................10 Romano-British .........................................................................................................10 Medieval and Post-medieval.....................................................................................10 4.3 Ceramic Building Material (CBM) and Fired Clay ..............................................................10 4.4 Stone and Worked Flint......................................................................................................11 4.5 Slag....................................................................................................................................11 4.6 Metalwork...........................................................................................................................11 4.7 Potential and Further Recommendations...........................................................................12 i 85201.01 Caerau, Cardiff, South Wales Archaeological Evaluation Report and Assessment of Results 5 PALAEO-ENVIRONMENTAL SUMMARY ........................................................................12 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................12 5.2 Charred Plant Remains......................................................................................................12 5.3 Wood Charcoal ..................................................................................................................13 5.4 Potential .............................................................................................................................14 Charred plant remains ..............................................................................................14 Wood charcoal..........................................................................................................14 Radiocarbon dating...................................................................................................14 5.5 Proposals ...........................................................................................................................15 Charred plant remains ..............................................................................................15 Wood charcoal..........................................................................................................15 Radiocarbon dating...................................................................................................15 6 DISCUSSION.....................................................................................................................15 6.1 Late prehistoric activity (1100 BC- 43 AD).........................................................................15 6.2 Romano-British activity (43- 410 AD).................................................................................16 6.3 Medieval and later activity (1066 to present) .....................................................................16 6.4 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................17 7 RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................................................................17 8 ARCHIVE...........................................................................................................................17 9 REFERENCES...................................................................................................................18 9.1 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................18 9.2 Cartographic resources......................................................................................................19