/SM. SUTTON-IN-HOLDERNESS. SUTTON-IN-HOLDERNESS THE MANOR, THE BEREWIC, AND THE VILLAGE COMMUNITY. BY THOMAS BLASHILL, F.R.I. B.A., The Superintending Architect of Metropolifan Buildings. SEAL OF SIR THOMAS DE SUTTON. HULL : WILLIAM ANDREWS & CO. AND A. BROWN & SONS, LTD. AND AT 5, FARRINGDON AVENUE, LONDON, E.G. I«96. SATHEF PREFACE. Domesday record of the Manor and the THEBerewic which, at the time of the Conquest, were intermixed under the name of Sudtone, describes a tract of land containing no more than a fifth of the area of mediaeval and modern Sutton. It is in the earlier chapters of the Chronica Monasterii cie Melsa, which deal with the twelfth century, that we first recognise the broad meadows and far-stretching pastures out of the midst of which there rose, on a group of gently swelling hills, the carucates and oxgangs of the more ancient town. But since the days of our great-grandfathers, both the older and the newer lands have been seen in a changed aspect, under the network of hedges, tree-bedecked, which, since 1767, has covered the old meadows and pastures and the open arable fields. Long ago I formed the idea of making more familiarly known the condition of the parish at two or three of the most notable periods of its history. In 1892, impressed with the accuracy and the interest of the monastic Chronicle, I read before the British " Archaeological Association a paper on Sutton-in- Holderness and the Monks of Meaux."* In the Transactions of the East Riding Anticjuarian Society, * Pron. Mewse. ivi744639 PREFACE. " " vol. 2, I shewed that the Hull of thirteenth century writers was not, as had been supposed, the same as Wyke, now the central portion of Kingston-upon- Hull, but a tract of land by the river-side in the western part of Sutton, and that old references to Dripole usually refer not to any part of the present parish of Drypool, but to the south-western corner of Sutton, now called the Groves. I intended to shew finally, out of the ample materials that exist, how, before the Enclosure, the fragments of the old- fashioned farms lay scattered and intermingled over the Ings and Carrs and tillage fields. The gaps between these portions of the history of the parish were, at first, wide and deep, but as they began to fill with new materials, essential to a correct understand- ing of the matters in hand, it became necessary to make the whole into one story. Thus, without premeditation, I felt myself responsible for a book. The work has had to be taken up in the intervals of many absorbing occupations, as its structure and arrangement must, no doubt, indicate. It deals with the great variety of occurrences which, in the course of eight centuries, mark the history of a manor or a parish, and hardly any period has failed to furnish some illustrative examples. Sometimes I have been writing for those to whom ancient documents and family pedigrees and customs, long extinct, would be of value sometimes for those who would be especial ; more interested in the long array of names of fields and roads and boundaries which I have been enabled to PREFACE. HI trace and identify. As a rule I have dealt only with events long past, and with persons mostly forgotten, but in a few cases I have not refrained from using a modern name, or a recent incident, when these helped to illustrate some old-fashioned habit worthy of remembrance. Whether the matter of the book is, or is not, of general interest, a reference to the table of contents will shew. I have to acknowledge gratefully the assistance which I have received from the custodians of many public and private documents. I have been allowed to search the manorial records in the possession of the Corporation of Kingston-upon-Hull, and the manorial and family records of the late Colonel W. H. Harrison Broadley, as well as papers of the families of Priestman and Ross, of Sutton. I have received very cordial assistance, in many ways, from Mr. R. Hill of Hull Dawe, the Town Clerk ; from Dr. Walter de Grey Birch, ll.d., f.s.a., of the British Museum, who shewed me the newly-acquired charters in the Stowe S. collection ; from Mr. Edward Wilson, f.s.a., with to Ann Watson's particularly respect College ; from Mr. J. Travis-Cook, f.r.h.s., and Mr. Fred A. Scott, as regards modern dealings with the land. I have also to acknowledge much kindly help in relation to ancient legal documents, and in other ways, from Mr. E. W. Oliver, of London. The Rev. H. A. Holme, the late Vicar of Sutton, and the Rev. G. A. Coleman, the present Vicar, have much facilitated my examination of the parish IV PREF-ACE. documents. To the latter is owing the original photographs which so effectively illustrate the church. From Mr. T. Tindall Wildridge I have received great assistance in many details of local history, and I am much indebted to Dr. G. B. Longstaff, of Putney Heath, the Rev. John Ellam, formerly Vicar of R. Drypool, Mr. J. R. Boyle, f.s.a., Mr. Godfrey Park, Mr. J. G. Hall, Mr. W. G. B. Page, and many others, for information and suggestions bearing upon certain sections of my subject. In many ways I have benefited by the judicious advice of Mr. William Andrews, f.r.h.s., of Hull. Without the assistance and suofcrestions of Mr. A. Gibbons, f.s.a., of Heworth Green, York, Miss Martin, of 250, Portsdown Road, London, and Miss Parker, of 39, Wellington Square, Oxford, I could not have utilized in any material degree the documents stored in the Registries at York, in the Record Office, London, and in the Bodleian Library at Oxford. Some new matter which was obtained while the book was going through the press, and some additional references, will be found in the appendix, which should be referred to after reading each of the chapters. There also are noted some errors in the text. I hope there are few that have failed to be noted. Thomas Blashill. 29. Tavistock Square, London, W.C. CONTENTS. FACE The Isle ok Holderness— Land deposited by the sea — Separated from the Wolds by the great hollow —The ancient inhabitants —The Romans—The Engles ... ... ... ... .. ... ... i The Sudtone of Domesday— Almost an island —Bransholm and the Castle Hill—The Domesday Manor and Berewic—An Agricul- * tural Community ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 Medi.-evai. Sutton— Flight of Drogo— Holderness said to be barren — Embankment and Drainage— Marrs, sikes, and drains —New meadows and pastures—An Oxgang, with its appurtenances—The * Lords of the Manor—The Berewic and its owners ... ... ... 12 The Early Lords of the Manor—The Monks of Meaux and their chronicle—They acquire lands in Sutton—Their legacy from Amandus de Sutton 24 Sayer the Second—The Ki.vg's Bailiff—The forfeiture of his control over the river— Drainage of the marshes —Dripole in Sutton —The - the West — of the — monks and — Carr Drainage West Carr Mills, canals and fishery -The legacy of young Amandus—Death of a Bondman— — * Sale of bondmen Large grants to the Monks ... ... ... 29 Sayer de Sutton the Third—Grants to Martin de Otringham — A rebellion in Holderness—Grants to the Nuns of Swine— Roads, or rights of way in the parish —New arrangements in the West Carr— The monks acquire pasturage in the Salts, and are turned out — Isabella de Fortibus acquires some of Sayer's meadows— Death of * Sayer 45 Sayer de Sutton the Fourth— of — Sayer's— grant dower to his father's widow— Fishery in Sutton Marr New apportionment of the pasturage An Oxgang with its appurtenances—A cottager's rights to meadow and grazing —The monks as sheep farmers— List of their Sutton possessions—The export of wool — Projected foundation of Kingston-upon-Hull ... .. ... ... ... ... ... 6^ Sir John de Sutton, Senior— Sale of his marriage— His marriage settlement — with Sutton — Ottringham Chantry— endowed meadows —Kingston-upon-Hull founded— Conbination against Piers Gaveston Imprisonment of John ^Joan de Sutton in Swine Nunnery— Edward the Second passes Sutton—Death of John—The * through Effigy in Sutton Church ... ... ... ... ... ... 74 Sir de A Heiress— John — Sutton, Junior— Hildyard — Thomas Sampson, Rector— Renewed disputes over the West Carr Dispute over an old tunic Knighthood of the Bl.ick Prince —The College of St. James founded, and Sutton Church built — Its dedication —The Black Death —Thomas Sampson's will —Death of Sir John de Sutton —His son no * more heard of— in the — The tomb Church His wife's dower ... 85 11 CONTENTS. _ PAGE biR Thomas de Sutton—Bondmen transformed into labourers- Enlargement of the Northlands— Impoverishment of the monks— Dispute about Magnusdaile— Fresh mortgages—Disputes with tile makers from Beverley—The Children's Pestilence—New Statutes for the College— Marriage and death of the heir to the Manor— Succession of daughters of Sir Thomas de Sutton—Alice de Meaux * inherits the Berewic ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 102 The Fifteenth Century—The Hastings Manor— Disputes as to burials in Sutton— in — Dripole— Sutton—Lost Lopholme Public enquiries as to burials Appeals to Rome—Lists of witnesses —Long lists of the dead during 1429— Decision of the dispute —Annual Dedication Festivals— The Players of Sutton— Eminence of William, — * Lord Hastings His execution ... ... ... ... ... 112 The Reformation Period— Increased freedom of the tenants and —Sub division of the — cottagers — Manor Purchase of a portion by Cardinal Wolsey Salvain's share acquired by the Corporation of Hull —The Reformation— Dissolution of the Abbey of Meaux, the Priory of Swine, the Carthusian Priory of Hull, and the of * College — of their lands St.