Getting Ready For Certification: Voiding Dysfunction Jeffrey Guse 1. The definition of dysuria is: Dorland’s, 2007). Anuria, also called anuresis, is a. a lack of the ability to urinate. defined as the lack of urination or urine produc- b. failure of urinary excretion. tion of less than 100 ml per day (Dorland’s, 2007). c. accumulation of urine within the bladder. 2. C – Anuria, also called anuresis, is defined as the d. painful urination. lack of urination or urine production of less than 100 ml per day secondary to pre-renal, renal or 2. All of the following are true of anuria except: post-renal causes (Dorland’s, 2007; Tanagho & a. is often caused by renal failure. McAninch, 2008; Van Arsdalen, 2007, p. 41). b. may occur due to severe obstruction. Oliguria, a less extreme reduction in urine pro- c. defined as urinary output of less than 500 mL duction defined as urinary output of less than per day. 500 mL per day (Mosby's, 2009). d. may occur with end stage renal disease. 3. B – Polyuria is defined as an excessive produc- tion of urine or the excretion of an abnormally 3. All of the following are true of polyuria except: large quantity of urine on a daily basis (Mosby's, a. characterized by large volumes of urine. 2009; Van Arsdalen, 2007, p. 41). Polydipsia, b. always appears in conjunction with polydip- defined as excessive or abnormal thirst, can sia. appear in conjunction with polyuria, but not c. is physiologically normal in some circum- always. stances. 4. C – Inability to completely empty the bladder and d. occurs from a myriad of causes. an accumulation of urine within the bladder is the definition on urinary retention (Newman & 4. Urinary retention is defined as: Wein, 2009, p 82; Dorland’s, 2007). Urinary a. any hindrance to the passage of urine. obstruction and stasis is defined as any hin- b. the stoppage of the flow or discharge of urine. drance to the passage of urine (Dorland’s, 2007). c. accumulation of urine within the bladder. Anuria is defined as a lack of the production of d. a lack of the production of urine. urine (Tanagho & McAninch, 2008). 5. D – One of the most important urologic disorders 5. The most serious disorder resulting from urinary is urinary obstruction because of its potential per- obstruction is: manent damage to renal function. It may be con- a. the formation of calculi genital or acquired causing hydronephrosis, renal b. the presence of bacteria in the urine. insufficiency, or renal failure (Tanagho & c. over-stretching of the bladder. McAninch, 2008). d. the damaging effect on renal function. References Answers Dorland's medical dictionary for health consumers. (2007). Philadelphia: Elsevier. 1. D – Dysuria is described as painful burning on McAninch, J.W. (2008). Symptoms of disorders of the genitouri- urination and is present with and resolves after nary tract. In E.A. Tanagho & J.W. McAninch (Eds.), Smith’s micturation. (Tanagho & McAninch, 2008, p. 35; general urology (17th ed., pp. 35-36). New York: McGraw-Hill Van Arsdalen, 2007, p. 41). Inability to complete- Mosby's medical dictionary. (2009). (8th ed). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Newman, D.K., & Wein, A.J. (2009). Understanding bladder and ly empty the bladder and an accumulation of pelvic floor function. In Managing and treating urinary incon- urine within the bladder is the definition on uri- tinence (2nd ed., p. 65). Baltimore: Health Professions Press. nary retention (Newman & Wein, 2009, p 82; Tanagho, E.A. (2008). Urinary obstruction & stasis. In E.A. Tanagho & J.W. McAninch (Eds.), Smith’s general urology (17th ed., pp. 166-178). New York: McGraw-Hill. Van Arsdalen, K.N. (2007). Signs and symptoms: the initial exami- Jeffrey Guse, RT, RDMS, RVT, CUA, is Urodynamics Coordinator/ nation. In P.H. Hanno, S.B. Malkowicz & A.J.Wein Senior Sonographer, Division of Urology, at Delta Medix, P.C., in (Eds.). Penn clinical manual of urology (p. 41). Philadelphia: Scranton, PA. Elsevier Inc. Certification Board for Urologic Nurses & Associates (CBUNA) ~ www.cbuna.org.