Monitoring Institute for Rare Breeds and Seeds in Europe in collaboration with Schneebergstr. 17 CH-9000 St. Gallen Switzerland Phone: +41-71/222 74 10 Fax: +41-71/222 74 40 Web: http://www.monitoring.eu.com SAVE eMail: [email protected] foundation SAVE: http://www.save-foundation.net Donkey Breeds in Europe Inventory, Description, Need for Action, Conservation Report 2007/2008 Waltraud Kugler, Hans-Peter Grunenfelder, Elli Broxham Monitoring Institute 2008 This project was supported by: Werner Stamm Foundation for the Support of Rare Equines, Oberwil BL, Switzerland Margarethe & Rudolf Gsell Foundation, Basel, Switzerland and Bristol Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 6 RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 7 ISSUES ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 METHOD................................................................................................................................................... 7 PREFACE .............................................................................................................................................. 8 ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS..................................................................................................................... 8 PHYLOGENY ............................................................................................................................................. 8 WILD DONKEYS AND ASIAN WILD ASSES................................................................................................ 9 MULES AND HINNIES................................................................................................................................9 DOMESTICATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL RANGE ...................................................................................... 10 CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................................. 11 USE ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 OVERVIEW OF POPULATION DATA.......................................................................................... 13 IN GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................... 13 STATE OF THE WORLD’S ANIMAL GENTIC RESOURCES (SOWANGR)................................................... 14 ENDANGERMENT OF DONKEY BREEDS IN EUROPE................................................................................. 14 EQUINE PASSPORT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION......................................................................................... 16 ALBANIA............................................................................................................................................. 17 COMMON ALBANIAN (SYN.:COMMUNE; ALBANIAN; GOMARI) ............................................................. 17 AUSTRIA ............................................................................................................................................. 18 BAROQUE DONKEY (SYN.: BAROCKESEL, ÖSTERREICHISCH-UNGARISCHER ALBINOESEL, AUSTRO- HUNGARIAN ALBINO) ............................................................................................................................ 18 BELGIUM............................................................................................................................................ 19 WAALSE EZEL; WALLON DONKEY:....................................................................................................... 19 BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA............................................................................................................20 BULGARIA.......................................................................................................................................... 20 CROATIA ............................................................................................................................................ 21 PRIMORSKO DINARSKI MAGARAC (LITTORAL DINARIC DONKEY) ....................................................... 21 ISTARSKI MAGARAC (ISTRIAN DONKEY) ............................................................................................... 21 SJEVERNO-JADRANSKI MAGARAC (NORTH ADRIATIC DONKEY)........................................................... 22 CYPRUS (GREEK)............................................................................................................................. 22 CYPRUS DONKEY; GAIDOURI................................................................................................................. 22 DENMARK .......................................................................................................................................... 23 FRANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 24 L'ÂNE DE PROVENCE (SYN: ANE D'ARLES; ANE DE BERGER; ANE DE LA CRAU; ANE DE SAVOIE; ANE DE TRANSHUMANCE; ANE GRIS DE PROVENCE; PROVENCE; SAVOIE; SAVOY-ESEL)................................... 24 GRAND NOIR DU BERRY (SYN.: GRAND NOIR; ANE DU BERRY; BERRY BLACK).................................... 25 ANE NORMAND (SYN.: NORMAND)........................................................................................................ 25 ANE DES PYRENEES (SYN: PYRENEEN; PYRENEAN)............................................................................... 25 ANE GASCOGNE ..................................................................................................................................... 26 ANE BOURBONNAIS ............................................................................................................................... 26 ANE DU COTENTIN ................................................................................................................................. 26 2 BAUDET DE POITOU (SYN.: ANE DE POITEVIN ; ANE DU POITOU; POITOU-ESEL;).................................. 27 L'ÂNE DE L'ILE DE RÉ ............................................................................................................................ 28 ANE CORSE............................................................................................................................................. 28 GERMANY .......................................................................................................................................... 29 Occurrence of other breeds and populations:.............................................................................. 29 THURINGIAN FOREST DONKEYS (THÜRINGER WALDESEL) ................................................................... 30 GREECE .............................................................................................................................................. 31 ARCADIAN DONKEY ............................................................................................................................... 31 ELLINIKON (SYN.: LOCAL GREEK ASS)................................................................................................... 31 CYPRUS ASS........................................................................................................................................... 31 HUNGARY .......................................................................................................................................... 32 IRELAND............................................................................................................................................. 33 ITALY .................................................................................................................................................. 34 ASINO AMIATINA (SYN. ASINO AMIATINO; ASINO DELL AMIATA; AMIATA)......................................... 34 ASINO ARGENTATO DI SOLOGNO ........................................................................................................... 35 ASINO ASINARA (SYN.: ASINO BIANCHO DI ASINARA; ASINO ALBINO DELL'ASINARA ASINO DELL'ASINARA; ALBINOTISCHER ZWERGESEL)...................................................................................... 35 ASINO DI MARTINA FRANCA (SYN.: PUGLIESE; MARTINESE; MARTINA FRANCA; PULI; MARTINA FRANCA ESEL; ANE DE MARTINA-FRANCA; APULIAN).......................................................................... 36 ASINO DI PANTELLERIA (SYN.: ASINO PANTESCO; PANTELLERIA; PANTESCA; PANTESCO)................... 36 ASINO RAGUSANA (SYN.: RAGUSANO; SICILIAN; RAGUSAN; RAGUSANA) ............................................ 37 ASINO ROMAGNOLO (SYN.: ROMAGNOLA) ............................................................................................ 38 ASINO SARDO (SYN.: SARDA; AINU; BURRIKU; MOLENTE; MOLINGIANU; PEGUS DE MOLA; POLEDDU; SARDO; SARDINIAN DWARF..................................................................................................................