Integrated Road Operation and Development Investment Program (iROAD) Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence & Socioeconomic Assessment Report North Central Province Final Report August 2014 Prepared by Road Development Authority Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping Submitted to Asian Development Bank CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency unit- Sri Lanka Rupee (Rs) US $1.00 = Rs.131 (As of August, 2014) 2 Contents List of Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Annexures ........................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 4 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Chapter 1 - Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Project Description ............................................................................................................................ 6 Section 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 2 - Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence ................................................................................. 10 2.1. Methodology used to carry out the due diligence and transect surveys ................................... 10 2.2. Summary of field observations and verification ......................................................................... 11 2.3. Other impacts observed and mitigation measures..................................................................... 11 Section 2 ...................................................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 3 - Socioeconomic Assessment and Gender Participation Report ................................................ 13 3.1. A Description of Key Physical and Socioeconomic Features of North Central Province ............ 14 3.2. An Analysis of the Sample Socioeconomic Survey for North Central Province .......................... 16 3.2.1. Key demographic information of the sample survey .......................................................... 16 3.2.2. Housing condition, sanitary facilities, energy and water sources of sample households .. 19 3.2.3. Analysis of vulnerable households and gender related details .......................................... 20 3.2.4. Community perception about the project .......................................................................... 22 3.3. Public Consultation and information dissemination................................................................... 25 Chapter 4 Conclusion and recommendations ............................................................................................ 26 3 List of Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank AP Affected Person DRR Due Diligence Report DS Divisional Secretariat FGD Focus Group Discussion GoSL Government of Sri Lanka GN Grama Niladari GND Grama Niladari Division GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism iROAD Integrated Road Operation and Development Investment Program IR Involuntary Resettlement LAA Land Acquisition Act MOHPS Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping MOU Memorandum of Understanding MFF Multi-tranche Financing Facility NCP North Central Province NGO Non-Government Organizations PIU Project Implementing Unit PS Pradeshiya Sabha RDA Road Development Authority RF Resettlement Framework SPS, 2009 ADB’s Safeguards Policy Statement, 2009 List of Annexures Annexure 1 Road list and map of each district Annexure 2 A summary of field observations Annexure 3 Involuntary Resettlement Impact Categorization Checklist for North Central Province List of Figures Figure 1.1 Location of the two districts of NCP Figure 3.1 A public notice informing about the transect walk and awareness meeting 4 List of Tables Table 1.1 Affected DSDs in each district of North Central Province Table 3.1 Estimated No. of households and enumerated households in each district Table 3.2 No. of households surveyed in each DS Division Table 3.3 A summary of land area, population, population density and poverty head count ratio Table 3.4 Population by ethnicity in each district Table 3.5 Population by sex and age in each district Table 3.6 Labour force status of household population, 10 years of age over by district (Both sex) Table 3.7 Distribution of family size of the sample households (percentage) Table 3.8 Age distribution of sample household members (percentage) Table 3.9 Educational attainment of each sample in each district (percentage) Table 3.10 Occupation of household head (percentage) Table 3.11 Average monthly income of sample households (percentage) Table 3.12 Average monthly expenditure of sample households (percentage) Table 3.13 A summary of household assets (Values are in percentage with multiple answers) Table 3.14 Details of type of housing structure (percentage) Table 3.15 Details of sanitary facilities (percentage) Table 3.16 Availability of electricity (percentage) Table 3.17 Source of water (percentage) Table 3.18 Details of vulnerable households (percentage of total households surveyed) Table 3.19 Contribution of female members in family matters and community organizations - Table 3.20 Willingness of household head to involve female family members in the project Table 3.21 Type of involvement of female family members in the project (a multiple response) Table 3.22 Community awareness about the project (percentage) Table 3.23 Condition of existing road to be rehabilitated by the project (percentage) Table 3.24 Impact of existing road condition on day to day activities of women, children and elderly persons (percentage) Table 3.25 Reasons for such impact (percentage, multiple answers) Table 3.26 Willingness of community to participate in the project Table 3.27 Type of contribution for the project (percentage, multiple responses) Table 3.28 Perceived benefits of the project (percentage, multiple responses) 5 Integrated Road Operation and Development Investment Program (iROAD) Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socioeconomic Assessment Report Chapter 1 - Introduction Compared to many developing countries in the Asian region Sri Lanka has shown a healthy economic growth. The country’s economy growth rate has reached values of over 8% in years 2010 and 2011. The national poverty headcount ratio fell just below 9% in year 2010 from a value over 15% in years 2006 and 2007. However, about 85% of the population in the country is still living in the rural and peri-urban areas. Poverty is concentrated in areas where connectivity to towns and markets, access to electricity and average educational attainment are relatively low. It has been noted that agricultural labor is a major source of employment in such less developed areas in the country. Remote areas with lack of all- weather access to the socioeconomic centers have rendered a large portion of the rural population with poor agricultural productivity, limited employment opportunities and slow economic growth. In order to address this problem and improve transport connectivity between rural communities and socioeconomic centers, the Road Development Authority (RDA) under Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping (MOHPS) has proposed an Integrated Road Investment Program (iROAD). The Government will select about 1,000 Grama Niladari Divisions (GNDs) throughout the country as rural hubs according to the population, development potential and distance to trunk road network. The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) has requested financial assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in addressing the connectivity issues for these communities. The project is to be executed as a Multi-tranche Financial Facility (MFF). Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping will be the executing agency for the project while the RDA will implement the project. The project is to be executed in several provinces of the country. Based on the present and planned national development projects spread across the country, Southern Province was selected as the first tranche to of this project. With completion of all project preparatory work for the Southern Province, RDA initiated project preparatory work in North Central Province (NCP) under tranche 2. North Central Province includes two districts, namely Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa. This report is the Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence and Socio-economic survey report for the rural roads component of North Central Province. 1.1. Project Description The project mainly focuses on rehabilitation of existing carriageway to suit all weather conditions. The improvements will be done within the available corridor of the candidate roads. As indicated in paragraph four of the Resettlement Framework (RF) for iROAD program, there will be three contract packages per district. The contractor will be responsible for construction of the road over 2 years and 6 performance based maintenance for another 3 years. For the rural roads the improvements will be undertaken completely within the existing Right