DELIVERABLE D4.1 State-of-the-art actions for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Adriatic basin Let’s be reSEAlient! European Regional Development www.italy-croatia.eu/response Fund Project key facts Priority: 2. Safety and resilience 2.1 Improve the climate change monitoring and planning of adaptation Specific objective: measures tackling specific effects in the cooperation area Acronym: RESPONSe Title: Strategies to adapt to climate change in Adriatic regions Application ID: 10046849 Lead Partner: INFORMEST Duration: 01.01.2019 30.06.2021 Deliverable information WP 4 Adriatic region adaptation menu Act 4.1 Adaptation in the Adriatic basin: state-of-the-art Issued by: Partner n° 3 – UNIVPM Reviewed by: LP – INFORMEST Partners involved: UNIVPM, APE FVG, APULIA REGION, EIHP, DHMZ Status: final Distribution: public Date: 04.2020 1 Document history Version Date Author Description of changes V 1.0 24.01.2020 PP3 First draft V 1.1 27.01.2020 PP3 Addition of the executive summary and extension of the discussion sections V 1.2 30.01.2020 PP4 Correction of the discussion sections and addition of references V 2.0 14.03.2020 PP3 Addition of a discussion section with a comparison between WP3 data and Regional strategies V 2.1 07.04.2020 PP3 Addition and correction of other comparison between WP3 data and WP4 strategies analysis and addiction and correction of the discussion and conclusion sections V 2.2 09.04.2020 PP1 Correction of the draft V 2.3 20.04.2020 PP6 Correction of the draft V 2.4 28.04.2020 PP4 Correction of the draft V 3.0 29.04.2020 PP3 Preparation of the final version 2 Table of contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 AUDIENCE .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................ 5 2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 7 3 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 9 4 ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES COLLECTED ...................................................... 11 4.1 EUROPEAN STRATEGIES ........................................................................................................ 13 4.2 NATIONAL STRATEGIES: ITALY ............................................................................................... 26 4.3 NATIONAL STRATEGIES: CROATIA ......................................................................................... 40 4.4 NORTHERN ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA REGION ............................. 52 4.5 NORTHERN ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: PRIMORSKO-GORANSKA COUNTY ......................... 84 4.6 CENTRAL ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: MARCHE REGION ......................................................... 94 4.7 CENTRAL ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: ŠIBENSKO-KNINSKA COUNTY .................................. 121 4.8 SOUTHERN ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: APULIA REGION ....................................................... 132 4.9 SOUTHERN ADRIATIC STRATEGIES: DUBROVACKO-NERETVANSKA COUNTY ............. 158 5 SUPPLEMENTARY STRATEGIES (SUB-REGIONAL LEVEL) ...................................................... 168 5.1 NORTHERN ADRIATIC: FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA REGION (ITALY)...................................... 169 5.2 NORTHERN ADRIATIC: PRIMORSKO-GORANSKA COUNTY .............................................. 181 5.3 CENTRAL STRATEGIES: MARCHE REGION ......................................................................... 190 3 5.4 CENTRAL STRATEGIES: ŠIBENSKO-KNINSKA COUNTY .................................................... 210 5.5 SOUTHERN ADRIATIC: APULIA REGION ............................................................................... 221 5.6 SOUTHERN ADRIATIC: DUBROVACKO-NERETVANSKA COUNTY..................................... 249 6 DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................... 250 6.1 EUROPEAN STRATEGIES ...................................................................................................... 250 6.2 NATIONAL STRATEGIES ......................................................................................................... 251 6.3 REGIONAL STRATEGIES ........................................................................................................ 254 6.4 COMPARISON BETWEEN THE WP3 OUTPUTS AND THE COLLECTED REGIONAL STRATEGIES ....................................................................................................................................... 265 6.5 SUB-REGIONAL STRATEGIES ............................................................................................... 275 7 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................. 287 8 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 292 9 ANNEX .............................................................................................................................................. 294 4 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Deliverable "D4.1 - State-of-the-art actions for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Adriatic basin", shows the results of an original methodology conceived to collect the best available climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. This work has been carried out in the context of the Interreg Italy-Croatia RESPONSe project, as part of "Activity 4.1 – Adaptation in the Adriatic basin: state-of-the-art" of the “WP4 - Adriatic region adaptation menu”. 1.1 SCOPE The scope of "Activity 4.1 – Adaptation in the Adriatic basin: state-of-the-art" is to collect the best practices necessary to embed climate change adaptation and mitigation measures into planning processes of Adriatic macro-areas, taking account of the outputs of the climate change analysis carried out in “WP3 - Harmonization of the climate change analysis and monitoring systems”. To achieve this goal, the most state-of-the-art climate change adaptation and mitigation actions envisioned or implemented at European, national and regional governance levels in the Adriatic basin were collected, analyzed and capitalized with a top-down approach. Moreover, if available, an additional sub-regional level of detail has also been added to the analysis. Finally, the collected strategies have been compared to the current and future climate trend at Adriatic macro-area scale (Northern, Central and Southern Adriatic), in order to prioritize adaptation and mitigation efforts based on the actual climate change effects. 1.2 AUDIENCE This Deliverable is a public report aimed particularly at the public authorities and the scientific community as the only example of a comprehensive data collection of adaptation and mitigation measures for the Adriatic basin. The report will be made available on the RESPONSe web page. 1.3 STRUCTURE 5 This Deliverable is structured as follow: (i) introduction to the report; (ii) methodology adopted to gather information; (iii) description of the collected adaptation and mitigation strategies by geographical area; (iv) discussion and comparison of the collected adaptation and mitigation strategies by geographical area; (v) final considerations on the main findings. 6 2 INTRODUCTION Life on Earth is deeply influenced by weather and climate: they are essential for the daily experiences of human beings as well as for health, food production and well-being (IPCC, 2001); but it is also important to remember what has been stated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), following scientific studies, in the Second Assessment Report (IPCC, 1996) (hereinafter SAR), that is human activities can influence the climate, too. The IPCC (2001) defined the climate system an interactive system consisting of five major components: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the land surface and the biosphere, strained or influenced by various external forcing mechanisms, the most important of which is the Sun. Human activities can be considered an external force (IPCC, 2001). The interaction among those components is fundamental to keep the system alive, and they retain the same weight to grant the equilibrium of the system: for example, if the concentration of greenhouse gases increases dangerously, or similarly the amount of aerosol in the atmosphere, the result is a change in the radiative forcing (IPCC, 2001), hence triggering an alteration of the previous state. The Industrial Revolution represents the beginning of the anthropogenic perturbation to the atmospheric composition (IPCC, 2001), whose effects are most visible through extreme events and climate change effects. Therefore, the impact of climate change, as a common global problem, can be addressed with the mitigation of greenhouse gases and the adaptive capacities existing at national and subnational level (Nalau, 2015). The IPCC (2001) defines these two actions as: - Mitigation: