Tihu Looduskaitseala, Vanajõe Euroopa Naaritsa Püsielupaiga Ja Vanajõe Hoiuala

Tihu Looduskaitseala, Vanajõe Euroopa Naaritsa Püsielupaiga Ja Vanajõe Hoiuala

Tihu looduskaitseala, Vanajõe euroopa naaritsa püsielupaiga ja Vanajõe hoiuala kaitsekorralduskava 2015–2024 Keskkonnaamet 2015 1 SISUKORD 1. SISSEJUHATUS .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. ALA ÜLDISELOOMUSTUS ........................................................................................................................... 5 1.2. MAAKASUTUS ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3. HUVIGRUPID ....................................................................................................................................... 14 1.4. KAITSEKORD ........................................................................................................................................ 15 1.5. UURITUS ............................................................................................................................................ 19 1.5.1. Läbiviidud inventuurid ja uuringud ............................................................................................ 19 1.5.2. Riiklik seire ............................................................................................................................... 20 1.5.3. Inventuuride ja uuringute vajadus ............................................................................................ 21 2. VÄÄRTUSED JA KAITSE-EESMÄRGID ....................................................................................................... 23 2.1. ELUSTIK ............................................................................................................................................. 23 2.1.1. Imetajad .................................................................................................................................. 23 2.1.1.1. Euroopa naarits (Mustela lutreola*) .................................................................................................. 23 2.1.1.2. Saarmas (Lutra lutra) ........................................................................................................................ 26 2.1.1.3. Põhja-nahkhiir (Eptesicus nilssonii) .................................................................................................... 26 2.1.2. Linnud ...................................................................................................................................... 27 2.1.2.1. Kassikakk (Bubo bubo) ...................................................................................................................... 27 2.1.2.2. Merikotkas (Haliaeetus albicilla) ....................................................................................................... 28 2.1.2.3. Kanakull (Accipiter gentilis) ............................................................................................................... 29 2.1.2.4. Hüüp (Botaurus stellaris) .................................................................................................................. 30 2.1.2.5. Laululuik (Cygnus cygnus) ................................................................................................................. 31 2.1.2.6. Sarvikpütt (Podiceps auritus)............................................................................................................. 31 2.1.2.7. Laanepüü (Bonasa bonasia) .............................................................................................................. 31 2.1.2.8. Mustviires (Chlidonias niger) ............................................................................................................. 32 2.1.2.9. Roo-loorkull (Circus aeruginosus) ...................................................................................................... 32 2.1.2.10. Soo-loorkull (Circus pygargus) ......................................................................................................... 32 2.1.2.11. Värbkakk (Glaucidium passerinum) ................................................................................................. 33 2.1.2.12. Sookurg (Grus grus) ........................................................................................................................ 33 2.1.2.13. Täpikhuik (Porzana porzana) ........................................................................................................... 33 2.1.2.14. Teder (Tetrao tetrix) ....................................................................................................................... 34 2.1.2.15. Mudatilder (Tringa glareola) ........................................................................................................... 34 2.1.3. Putukad ................................................................................................................................... 34 2.1.3.1. Lai-tõmmuujur (Graphoderus bilineatus) ........................................................................................... 34 2.1.3.2. Vareskaera-aasasilmik (Coenonympha hero)...................................................................................... 35 2.1.3.3. Hännak-rabakiil (Leucorrhinia caudalis) ............................................................................................. 35 2.1.3.4. Suur-rabakiil (Leucorrhinia pectoralis) ............................................................................................... 35 2.1.4. Rõngussid ................................................................................................................................ 36 2.1.4.1. Kirjukaan (Hirudo medicinalis) ........................................................................................................... 36 2.1.5. Sõõrsuud .................................................................................................................................. 36 2.1.5.1. Jõesilm (Lampetra fluviatilis)............................................................................................................. 36 2.1.6. Katteseemnetaimed ................................................................................................................. 37 2.1.6.1. Soohiilakas (Liparis loeselii) ............................................................................................................... 37 2.1.6.2. Sagristarn (Carex irrigua) .................................................................................................................. 38 2.1.6.3. Kõdu-koralljuur (Corallorhiza trifida) ................................................................................................. 39 1 2.1.6.4. Sookäpp (Hammarbya paludosa) ...................................................................................................... 39 2.1.6.5. Väike käopõll (Listera cordata) .......................................................................................................... 40 2.1.6.6. Kärbesõis (Ophrys insectifera) ........................................................................................................... 40 2.1.6.7. Alpi võipätakas (Pinguicula alpina) .................................................................................................... 40 2.1.7. Paljasseemnetaimed ................................................................................................................ 41 2.1.7.1. Harilik jugapuu (Taxus baccata) ........................................................................................................ 41 2.1.8. Muud kaitsealused liigid ........................................................................................................... 42 2.2. KOOSLUSED ........................................................................................................................................ 43 2.2.1. Metsastunud luited (2180) ....................................................................................................... 44 2.2.2. Luidetevahelised niisked nõod (2190) ....................................................................................... 46 2.2.3. Huumustoitelised järved ja järvikud (3160) ............................................................................... 47 2.2.4. Jõed ja ojad (3260) ................................................................................................................... 51 2.2.5. Looduslikus seisundis rabad (7110*) ......................................................................................... 53 2.2.6. Rikutud, kuid taastumisvõimelised rabad (7120) ....................................................................... 55 2.2.7. Siirde- ja õõtsiksood (7140) ...................................................................................................... 56 2.2.8. Lubjarikkad madalsood lääne-mõõkrohuga (7210*) ................................................................. 57 2.2.9. Liigirikkad madalsood (7230) .................................................................................................... 58 2.2.10. Vanad loodusmetsad (9010*) ................................................................................................. 59 2.2.11. Soostuvad ja soo-lehtmetsad (9080*) ..................................................................................... 61 2.2.12. Siirdesoo- ja rabametsad (91D0*) ........................................................................................... 62 2.3. MAASTIK ...........................................................................................................................................

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