DOCUMENT jasomE ED 190 005 HE 012 962 TITLE Equal Educational Opportunityit California Postsecondary Education, Part III. INSTITUTION California State Postsecondary EducationCommission, Sacramento. PUB DATE Mar 90 NOTE 266p.: For related documents see ED143 290 and ED 175 295. Best copy available. EDRS PRICE MF01/PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Access to Education: *AffirmativeAction: American Indians: College Students; CostEffectiveness: Equal Education: Egual'Opportunities (Jobs); *Ethnic Groups: *Higher Education:*Minority Groups; Resource Allocation: Selective Admission: SpanishAmericans: Student Financial Aid: Womens Education IDENTIFIERS *California ABSTRACT The effectiveness of institutional,state, and federal efforts to expand educationalparticipation in California is examined in this third of a three-reportseries on equal opportunity in California postsecondaryeducation. The purposes of this report are to:. (1) review the progressmade during the past five years, (2) identify the barriers to further progress,(3) inventory existing student affirmative action programs,and (4) provide recommendations for a coordinated statewide effortto increase the educational participation of low-income, ethnicmimority, and women students. Chapters present statisticalinformation and conclusions oa such areas as: the participationof ethnic minorities and women in postsecondary education: barriers toexpand-ad participatidn in postsecondary education: existingcampus-based programs: Special' Action/Exception admissions policies:student financial assistance programs: meeting.theneeds of students with dependentchildren: and recommendations for a coordinatedstatewide effort in student affirmative action. Several conclusions wel7ereached, such as: the Ci.underrepresentation of ChicanostUdents is particularly severe since they constitute the largest andthe fastest-growing ethnic minority group in California: morecoordination is needed between federal, state, and institutionally fundedstudent affirmative action programs: and there is ageneral lack of formal cooperativeefforts among postsecondaryinstitutions in outreach programs designedto assist ethnfc minority and low-incomestudents in gaining access to postsecondary vklucation. (LC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS arethe best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** march1,980 -) 1 4404 /r Equal Educational Opportunity in.California Postsecondary Education Part Ill California Postsecondary Education Commission "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY u S DEPAITMENT OF NEAL TN ROUCATION WELFAIE NATIONAL eNSTITuTE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCumENT HAS !SEEN REPRO. DUCE() ERACTL v AS RECEIVED FROM TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES .THE PERSON OR ciEGANIZATION Os,GIN INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." SATTAI NT GE Div :NTT S NOEF CvEISESWA 14°17 YO PAT Ai OTES. SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE o EDLICTION POSITION OR POL icy M1G 4 198° California Postsecondary Education Commission Resolution 7-80 Approving Equal Educational Opportunity in California 'P'cntsecondary Education: Part III WHEREAS, Assembly Concurrent Resolution 151(Resolution Chapter 209, 1974) requested the Regents of theUniversity of California, the Trustees of theeCaliforniaStatellniver- sity and Colleges, aad the Governors of theCalifornia Community Colleges . to prepare a plan that willprovide,for addressing and overcoming, by 1980, ethnic, economic, and sexual'underrepresentation in' the maketup of the student bodiesof institu- tions of public higher education'as compared to the general ethnic,economic, and sexual composition of recent California highschool graduates, and WHEREAS, The California Postiecondary EducationCommission was re- quested to report annually to theLegislature on the prog- ress the publicsegdents have made in addressing and re- sponding to the problem; now,therefore, be it RESOLVED, That the California PostsecondaryEducation Commission approve the Leport,'EqualEducational 22portunity in California Postsecondary Educdtion: Part III, as its third response to Assembly ConcurrentResolution 151, dad that the Commission authorize its Director totrans- mit the report to the Legislature, the Governor,and Board of Regents lf the University ofCalifornia, the Board of Trustees of the California StateUniversity and Colleges, and the Board of Governorsof the Cali- fotnia CommUnity Colleges. Adopted , March 17, 1980 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction Chapter I: The Participation of EthnicMinorities and Women in Postsecondary Education Ethnic Minorities 2 Enroilment 2 Distribution Among A:ademic Programs 15 Persistence 16 Women 23 Enrollment 23 25 Persistence. Conclusions 29 Chapter II.. Barriers to Expanded Participation of Ethnic Minorities and Womenin California Postsecondary Education. 32 32 Introduction California Public Schools 33 33 Desegregation Counseling and Teaching Staffs: 34 A Lack of Role Models The Problem ofDifferential 36 Aphievement Postsecondary Institutions 38 Admissions Criteria 38 Student Services 40 Faculty and Staff: A need for Role Models and Staff Development 41 44 Curriculum 45 The Private Sector 46 Public.Policy Boards 47 Conclusions TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page thapter III: Existing Campus-Based Programs 51 Federally Funded Programs 51 Upward Bound 52 Talent Search 53 Special Services'for Disadvantaged Students 53 Educational Opportunity Centers 54 Community Service Program 55 Education Informatlon Centers 56 Vocational Education Act 56 Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) -58* Privately Funded Programs 59 State Funded Programs 61 Educational Opportunity Program 61 Objectives and Program Components . Major Differences Among Proframs. 63 drowth of EOP/B 64 ,limpact on Ethnic Minority Students. 68 )Tioblems to be Resolved 71 The University's Partnership Program . 72 The Unimersity's Partners Program . 75 The University's immediate Outreach Program. 4 4 4 9 76 The Univeriity's Atademic Enrichment 'Programs 76 State University's Three Pilot. Projects , . 77 State University/Los Angeles Unified 441144. School District Program . 78 Community College EOPS Student Sumier Internship Prggram 79 California Student Opportunity and . Access Program 79 School Improvement Program 80 Demonstration Programs in Reading and Mathematics 81 Findings and Conclusions 82 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page Chapter IV: "Special Action/Exception" Admissions Policies 90 90 University of California . $ California State University and Colleges . 93 Conclusions: Implications of the Special Admissions Programs 95 Chapter V: Intersegmental Consortia Designed to Increase the Enrollment of Ethnic Minorities, Women, and Low-Income 98 Students . Background Information 98 - Current Status of Intersegmental Cooperation 101' Problems to be Resolved 106 Curreq and Future Plans 107 The Commission's Role and Recommendations for Improving Regional Coordination 108 Recent Developments 109 Conclusions 110 Chapter VI: Student Financial Assistance Programs. 112 Federally Funded.Student AsSistance Programs '112 4 State Funded Student Assistance Progrms. 114 Institutionally Funded StudentAssistance Programs 119 .Ethnic, Sex, and Income Composition of Student Aid Recipients 119 Problems to be Resolve& 124 Findings and Conclusions 125 Sao TABLE Or CONTENTS (Continued) Page ,Chapter VII: Meeting the Educational Needs of the Limited-English and Non-English Spealving Persons in California . 128 Introduction, 128 128 Popu1ati6n Trends.... , . ...... California's Changing Population and the Need for Bilingual Education LES/NES Studets in ehe Public 133. Schools . Educational Needs of LES/NES l Adults 134 Meeting the Educational Needs of LES/NES Students 135 Evaluations of Bilingual Education . .. 141 The Effectiveness of Bilagual 145 'Education %. Role of Postsecondary IhstitutiortP x in Responding to the Needs of LES/NES Students 146 The Need for CoOperation in Bilingual Programs 152 Conclusions 156 t Chapter VIII: Programs to Meet the:Needs of Students With Dependent Children 159 .Historical Perspective 159 Child Development Programs'in California 162 Funding Child Development Programs in California 163 Who are the Recipients? 166 Campus Child Development Programs 168 The California Community Colleges 168 The California State University and Colleges 170 The University of California 172 Conclusions 174 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Chapter IX: ssessment of Eristing Programs to t the Educational Needs of American Indian.Students 176 Background 176 Existing krograms Responding to the Educational Needs of American Indians. 180 1 Postsecondary Educational FroblemS 183 Faced by American Indians. /4:Onc1usions 185 Chapter X: Student Affirmative Action Plans by the Three Public Segments of Postsecondery,Education.... , . 187 University of California 187 Undergraduate Plan 187 Graduate Plan 191 California State University and Colleges . 192 California Corkunity Colleges. 197 An AsSeawment of Segmental Planning' Efforts 200 Finding's and Conclusions ...... " 202 Chapter XI: Recommendations for a Coordinated Statewide Effort int Student Affirmative Action 213 Priorities in the StudentAffinitive Action Effort 214 Assessing the Participation Rate of Ethnic Minorities and Women in Postsecondary Education 218 Addressing the Need for More Formal Cooperative dforts 220 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page Chapter XI (Cont'd) Addressing the Need for Efficient Use of Finapcial Resources 223 Student Affirmative