Master Thesis in Electrical Engineering with Emphasis on Telecommunications Thesis no:MEE10:42 September, 2010 Evaluation of Video Quality of Service in 3G/UMTS Wireless Networks as Succor for B3G/4G Wireless Network AL-IMRAN AJAYI OLUWAFEMI SAMUEL Blekinge Institute of Technology September 2010 Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Computing Supervisor: Tahir Nawaz Minhas Examiner: Dr. Patrik Arlos This thesis is submitted to the School of Computing at Blekinge Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering. The thesis is equivalent to 20 weeks of full time studies. Contact Information: Author(s): 1. AL-IMRAN Address: Lgh 58, Valhallavägen 14A, 37141, Karlskrona E-mail: [email protected] 2. AJAYI OLUWAFEMI SAMUEL Address: Andersbergsringen 243, 30255, Halmstad E-mail: [email protected] Examiner: Dr. Patrik Arlos Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Computing Email: [email protected] Supervisor: Tahir Nawaz Minhas Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Computing Email: [email protected] Blekinge Institute of Technology Internet: www.bth.se/com School of Computing Phone: +46 455 38 50 00 371 79 Karlskrona Fax: +46 455 38 50 57 Sweden i ii ABSTRACT Now-a-days cellular technology is emerging rapidly. Based on the demand of the users, next generation cellular system is being able to provide a variety of applications for users’ satisfaction. The Universal Mobile Telecommunication (UMTS) System is one of the features of cellular communication which is able to yield the different types of services as per users’ satisfaction. Real-time applications such as Video and voice conferencing have a great deal of demand over the cellular network. The quality of service (QoS) is the major concern for real time application such as voice and video telephony. In order to fulfill the users’ demand, it is necessary to improve the QoS. In this thesis work, we analyze and evaluate the performance of existing QoS for voice and video transmission over 3G/UMTS networks. The performance is evaluated based on some QoS parameters such as packet loss, delay, throughput and jitter. In order to investigate the performance of existing QoS scheme in UMTS network, we analyze the simulation results. The investigation illustrates that proper adaptation of QoS provides qualitative transmission in voice and video telephony. Finally on the basis of the simulation results, we study the QoS performance and propose integration scheme to enhance the QoS performance in 3G/UMTS network based on existing QoS parameters. This frame work will be effective to design the QoS for heterogeneous network in B3G/4G. Keywords: UMTS, QoS, 3G, B3G, DiffServ. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, my thanks and respect to almighty ALLAH for blessing me with the capability to do this work. I am especially grateful to my supervisor Tahir Nawaz Minhas for helping me greatly to extend my educational experience. Without his guidance, it was impossible for me to complete this work. I am also greatly indebted to my Examiner Dr. Patrik Arlos to grant me this opportunity. I am also grateful to my parents for their support, prayer and inspiration to extend my study. Last but not least I would like to thank Michael Åsman and Lena Magnusson for helping me in different manner during study period. AL-IMRAN Thanks to God almighty for the strength, favor and fortitude for completion of this thesis work. I would also appreciate and regards to my supervisor, Tahir Nawaz Minhas for his enormous guidance and understanding, I am very thankful for his continuous support. Thanks to my program coordinator, Mikael Åsman for every form of assistance during my course of study and stay in Sweden. AJAYI OLUWAFEMI SAMUEL iv Dedication To our parents and families v TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................viii List of Tables................................................................................................................................................ix List of Acronyms ..........................................................................................................................................x Chapter 1: Introduction……..................................................................................1 1.1 Problem Statement………………………..….…………………………………………………………1 1.2. Research Questions...……….………………………………………………………………………….1 1.3 Research Methodology…….…………….….………….………………………………………………1 1.4 Aims and Objectives………….…………………………………………………...................................2 1.5 Main Contribution and Motivation..........................................................................................................2 1.6 Background and related work….……………………………………………………………………….2 1.7 Thesis outlines…………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Chapter 2: UMTS Network and Quality of Service.............................................4 2.1 Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN).........................................................................4 2.1.1 Radio Network Controller (RNC)……............................................................................................5 2.1.2 Node B.............................................................................................................................................5 2.2 Core Network…. .....................................................................................................................................5 2.2.1 Packet Switched (PS) elements of Core Network.............................................................................6 2.2.2 Circuit Switched (CS) elements of Core Network…........................................................................6 Chapter 3: Quality of Service in 3G network.......................................................7 3.1 UMTS QoS Basic Classes……………………………………………………………………………...7 3.1.1 Conversational Class………………………………………………………………………….......8 3.1.2 Interactive Class…………………………..………………………………………………………8 3.1.3 Streaming Class………………………………………………………………………………......8 3.1.4 Background Class….……………………………………………………………………………..8 3.2 Integrated Service (IntServ)…………………………………………………………………………….8 3.3 Differential Service (DiffServ)…………………………………………………………………………8 3.4 Quality of Service (QoS) Manager..........................................................................................................9 vi Chapter 4: B3G/4G Network................................................................................10 4.1 B3G/4G Network concept......................................................................................................................10 4.2 Features and Characteristics of 3G and 4G Network Technologies......................................................10 4.3 Quality of Service in B3G/4G Network.................................................................................................11 Chapter 5: Simulations model design and result Analysis……………………12 5.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................12 5.2 Performance Metrics .............................................................................................................................12 5.3 Simulation Model Design......................................................................................................................12 5.3.1 Attributes of designing network model........................................................................................13 5.3.2 Scenarios………………………………………………………………………………………..13 5.3.3 Scenario without QoS…………………………………………………………………………..13 5.3.4 Scenario with QoS…...................................................................................................................14 5.4 Simulation result………………………………………………………………………………………15 5.5 Discussion……………………………………………………………………………………………..27 Chapter 6: Conclusion and Future Work…...…………………………………29 6.1 Conclusion……………………….……………………………………………………………………29 6.2 Future Work………………...…………………………………………………………………………30 References ..............................................................................................................31 vii LIST OF FIGURES 2.1 UMTS network architecture....................................................................................................................4 5.1 Scenario without QoS………………....................................................................................................14 5.2 Scenario with QoS............................................................................................................…………….15 5.3(a) Total sent and received data without QoS for video conferencing………...................…………….16 5.3(b) Total sent and received data without QoS for voice conferencing ……….…………….………….16 5.4(a) Total sent and received data with QoS for video conferencing…………….. …….……………….17 5.4(b) Total sent and received data with QoS for voice conferencing…………….. ….………………….17 5.5(a) End to end delay comparison for low quality video conferencing………..……….……………….18 5.5(b) End to end delay comparison for High quality video conferencing……………………..................18 5.6(a) Comparison of packet delay variation for low quality video conferencing…..................................19 5.6(b) Comparison of packet delay variation for high quality video conferencing…………………….....19