Sociology and Anthropology 5(7): 562-569, 2017 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/sa.2017.050707 Corruption War, Trial Carnivals and Molebi Theory Dapo Thomas Department of History and International Studies, Faculty of Arts, Lagos State University, Nigeria Copyright©2017 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The Buhari government has made war against of those who had ruled Nigeria in the past (1983-1985) and corruption a fundamental component of its agenda for arguably , the only leader to have demonstrated the moral national rebirth. Since the administration was invested in capacity and political will to “fight” corruption has made war May 2015, it has waged a relentless and persistent war on against corruption a fundamental component of its agenda corrupt government functionaries of previous for national rebirth on his second coming as Nigeria’s administration(s). This study was designed to examine the president. But unfortunately, the corruption war and Buhari’s implications, the mechanisms, the contradictions, the plan to create a new political order are being trivialized by dynamics and politics of Buhari’s corruption war. This study proponents of corruption and their political households who investigated the socio-political dimensions of this war and have turned their trials to carnivals by dancing to court in the role(s) of national institutions. It adopted a descriptive Aso Ebi, all in a bid to create the impression that their design using a cultural construct, Molebi theory, to examine, benefactors are victims of political persecution. analyse and interrogate the carnivalization of the trials of the This statement of problem which takes its cues from a suspects. This may not be a new phenomenon, but the normative framework, is typical of most underdeveloped energies and creativity that go into it these days showed a societies which desire to establish a new political order political trend that is capable of turning suspects’ trials into a without sanitizing the Augean stables. Attempting to circus. The Molebi theory is used to identify and interpret the establish a new political order on a structure that is socially cultural creed which serves as a mantra of mobilization in weak and politically fragmented is nothing short of support of politicians who are benefactors to their respective misplaced strategy. [1] families and political associations. A nation that is lamenting The discourse on political order is excitingly engaging a systemic dysfunction in its polity as a result of brazen and especially the debate about the emergence and sustainability chronic prebendal and primitive accumulation should not in of a new political order. It sounds presumptive that political any circumstance raise an altar for the celebration of order, once it emerges, will be self-sustaining. Samuel corruption by dancing to court in aso ebi in support of a Huntington’s Political Order in changing societies [1], rogue politician that is being tried for looting of the national manifests the buffet of discourses that has been served on the treasury. The carnivalization of the trial of a rogue politician issue. Huntington argues that, contrary to modernization diminishes our values, insults our sensibilities, pollutes our theory’s progressive assumptions, there was no reason to cultural space, destroys the foundation of our polity and assume that political development was any more likely than encourages communal scrambling for the endless gulping of political decay. His position on this was amplified by Francis our common wealth. Fukuyama [2] who contends that: Keywords Cultural Construct, Molebi, Carnivalization, Political order emerges as a result of the Systemic Dysfunction, Political Values achievement of some equilibrium among the contending forces within the society. But as time goes on, change occurs internally and externally; the actors who established the original equilibrium themselves evolve or disappear; new conditions 1 . Introduction shift; the society is invaded from outside or faces new terms of trade or imported ideas. As a result, Corruption is as ancient as the Nigerian state but not as the preceding equilibrium no longer holds, and endemic as it is in contemporary Nigeria. Series of “Wars” political decay results until the existing actors have been waged against it by different administrations that come up with a new set of rules and institutions to have ruled Nigeria but every time it keeps coming back, restore order. [2] assuming more potency and vibrancy and confronting its antagonists with ruthless intensity. Muhammadu Buhari, one Establishing a new political order in a decaying society Sociology and Anthropology 5(7): 562-569, 2017 563 requires some political discipline, political will and Minister, Godsday Orubebe. The trial of Senator Saraki, leadership maturity to engineer necessary positives that will which appeared to be the most sensational of all the high neutralize the negative tendencies already entrenched by the profile corruption cases going on under the Buhari old order. administration, was very intriguing. First, Bukola Saraki was In Nigeria, political dynamics ranging from ethnic one of the prominent PDP members who crossed over to the discordance, religious and political polarities to corruption All Progressives Congress (APC) shortly before the are some of the extant characteristics of the old political Presidential election in 2015. Second, he was dramatically order. Immediately after being invested into office, the elected the Senate President with ‘strategic” support from Buhari administration, faced with several agenda options, members of the opposition party, People's Democratic Party decided to frontally confront corruption which it considered (PDP) in the Senate. Third, as an influential member of the the dominant platform for the decay in the polity. APC no one expected the war against corruption to have started within the ruling party itself. This possibly was why his (Saraki’s) trial was said to be political. It was alleged that 2. Corruption War and its Politics some powerful members of the ruling Party were not happy with the emergence of Saraki as the Senate president because Corruption war is the strategic policy and systemic it undermined the arrangement already designed by the Party. aggression adopted by the government and its security and Besides, Saraki’s emergence as Senate President was seen as law enforcement agencies against corrupt officials in both a betrayal by his Party because it was made possible through the public and private sectors for the purpose of establishing a conspirational pact between Saraki and members of the a new political order that will usher in a national rebirth. opposition party in the Senate. This pact led to the election of Though there are extant laws with punitive prescriptions on a member of the opposition, Ike Ekweremadu as the Deputy corrupt activities by government officials, the Buhari Senate President. With this pact, it became a possibility that administration has introduced some extra judicial methods in someday, the opposition Party may assume the Senate order to quicken the process of prosecution and facilitate the leadership, a situation the Ruling Party was not comfortable recovery of stolen funds. The sudden activism of the with. Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) Brushing aside the political undertone of the Saraki trial, established by the Olusegun Obasanjo administration in the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) 2003 was part of the strategy of government to make sure which was prosecuting the case on behalf of the state, alleged that the agency performed its role with professional diligence. that Senator Saraki made false declarations of his assets The policy of plea bargain, though not completely alien to between 2003 and 2011 when he was the governor of Kwara the country’s justice system, was also another strategy by State. He was also accused of making anticipatory Buhari regime to check corruption. declaration of asset yet to be acquired. The third allegation Looters of national treasury found themselves in a against Senator Saraki was that he owned an American quandary going by the tough stance of the Muhammadu Express credit card account during his tenure as governor. Buhari administration against corruption. Though President Public officials are forbidden from operating foreign Buhari’s ruling party, All Progressives Congress (APC) accounts while in office. made war against corruption a major campaign agenda, The trial of Godsday Orubebe had been described by the nobody expected that the war would commence so soon with opposition as being political. This may not be far-fetched the trials of past and present looters of public funds. going by the circumstances, and background of the trial of Nigerians were used to such threats against looters by the controversial politician. Orubebe, a former Minister of previous administrations but have always been disappointed the Niger Delta in the Jonathan administration, was an agent with the outcomes of such threats. There was no doubt that of the ruling PDP during the Presidential election in 2015. past governments lacked the political will to prosecute When the results were trickling in and were being announced corruption cases to their logical conclusions. The number of by the Chairman of INEC, Prof. Attahiru Jega, Orubebe high profile corruption cases that ended with convictions of caused a stir when he was handed the microphone to raise his the looters was nil or at best, insignificant to be noticed or objection or observation. In the full glare of the cameras, recorded by history. So, to a very large extent, both the Orubebe accused Jega of being biased and prejudiced. His looters and the citizens were skeptical about the resolve and words: the political capacity of the Buhari’s government to deal with We have lost confidence in what you are doing. If the looters, notwithstanding Buhari’s antecedents and we can send a protest and you cannot take that records in this regard.