REFERENCE CONSIDERED AS DSR FOR BHOJPUR BRICK EARTH MINE, M/S RAJA BRICK WORKS (BHOJPUR) M/S RAJA BRICK WORKS BHOJPUR BRICK EARTH MINE AREA-1.08 ACRE(0.4372 Hect.) IN NON FOREST LANDS MOUZA- BHOJPUR, P.O.- MARKACHO, P.S.- MARKACHO NO.-150, DIST.- KODERMA, STATE- JHARKHAND References:- 1. Geology and Mineral Resources of Bihar and Jharkhand By T.M. Mahadevan. 2. Mineral Exploration and Development for XIITH Five Year Plan(2012-17),Department of Mines and Geology ,Jharkhand. 3 .Geology and Mineral Resources of Bihar and Jharkhand. Miscellaneous Publication No.-30, Pt. V Bihar & Jharkhand INTRODUCTION: Jharkhand is a fortunate land of immense mineral potential in the country. This natural gift of minerals is an outcome of its diversified geological set up comprising lithological sequence ranging from Achaean to Recent. All these formation contains deposits of energy, ferrous, non-ferrous, fertilizer, industrial, refractory, atomic, strategic, precious and semi-precious groups of minerals. Jharkhand state has great oldest history for industrial growth because first Indian Steel manufacturing industry “Tata Steel” was establish in Jharkhand in the year 1904. In the Jharkhand presently about 160 million tonnes of different minerals are mined out annually which have value of about 16 thousand crores. The district is bounded by 24015’46’’ and 240 49’18’’ N latitude and 85026’01’’and 85054’16’’ east longitude and covers an area of about 1500.00 Sq Km. It is bounded on the North by the Nawada district of Bihar, on the south by Hazaribagh district of Jharkhand on the east by Giridih district of Jharkhand and on the west by the Gaya district of Bihar. General Administrative Divisions Koderma district has one Sub-division, Kodarma itself and 5 (five) revenue circles. For developmental administration the district is divided into 6 (Six) developmental blocks namely: Koderma, Jainagar, Chandwara, Markachho, Domchanch and Satgawan. There are 717 (Seven Hundred Seventeen) Villages and 109 (One Hundred Nine) Panchayats. Physiology, Flora & fauna Koderma district lies in the Chhotanagpur Plateau at 397m above the sea level.The area exhibits undulating topography comprising hills, hillocks, plains and mounds. Northern part of the district is occupied by Koderma Reserve Forest. The highest peak is Debour Ghati (677 metre) which is the state boundary of Jharkhand & Bihar. The section line from south to north from Jharkhand to Bihar passing through Hazaribag plateau. The rock at the edge of this plateau has been cut deeply by innumerable streams. There are a number of rills & gullies of various type such as figure or shoe-lace gullies Barakar River flows from W to E in the southern part of the district of Koderma and supports Telaiya Hydel project, a multi purpose dam construction on it. River flows from West to East Poanchkhara, Keso, Akto, Gurio, Gukhana Nadi are the main tributaries of thr Barakar river. Sakri river is the main river in the northern part of the district which flows from south & east to north west. Ghggnna Naddi, Chhotanari Nadi are the tributaries of Sakri river. Mahua, Banyan, Sakhua, Palas, Pipal, Neem, Khajoor, Bamboo are the flora of the area and Cow, Bull, Buffalo and Goat are fauna. Though Leopard, Bear, Pig, Hiran and Hares are found in the forest area of Koderma Reserve forest. About 41% part of the Koderma district is covered with forests.The total forest area of Koderma district is 64796.90 hectare is scattered in 309 forest villages as preotected forest under administrative control of Koderma Forest Division together with 15062.77 hectare scattered in 35 forest villages as a reserved forest. The reserved forest area of Koderma district is declared as wild life sanctuary and is under administrative control of wild life division Hazaribagh. The per capita forest area in hectare is 0.14. Sal is the main forest crop together with Bija, Gamhar, Khair, Palash, Salai, Semal, Bair, Arjun, Karam, Siris, Kaj, Kend, Mahulan, Mahua, Karanj, Ratti etc. Koderma forest area having Barakar, Sakri, Dhadhar and Telaiya River are the main river of koderma forest. Koderma Forest division is rich in geological assets with biggest concentration of Mica in the Country. Archaen and the lower Gondwana are the two main rock formation found in this division. Due to several adephic and bioteic factors the forest of koderma division are very poor and in degraded and depilated coindition. They are badly affected by soil erosion and biotic interference. With the organisation of 309 Village Forest Mangament and protection commitee, the forest density & canopy is increaing since recent years with the active partifipation of the members of concern forest commitee. Social Forestry division is also functioning in this district. There numbers are: Beer 192 Ralelint 178 Peacock 222 Pig 168 Wild Pig 966 Quill 42 Kotara 498 Partridge 1500 WanMurgi 2310 Wolf 36 Monkey 380 Elephant 05 Jackal 150 Huyna 12 Antelope 42 Sambar 120 Deer 918 Role of state Department of Mines and Geology in View of National Mineral Policy 2008 Detailed Geological Exploration is the prime objective of state DMG to enhance national mineral resources. State Government has been carrying out detailed geological exploration in unexplored area in state. Presently, mining of different minerals in the state accounts about 160 Million tonnes. During XIIth five year plan state wants to increase it up to 200 million tones and for that new mines have to be open up in the state. It is only possible when new mineral bearing areas shall be explored in detail. Therefore, the state is planning to carry out detailed geological exploration for iron ore, limestone, bauxite, coal, Kyanite, Pyroxenite, quartz and soapstone in the different parts of the state. Geological exploration in 2500 sq. km. area is proposed for XIIth Five Year Plan in different part of the state. Re-assessment of bauxite, iron ore and limestone deposits of the state shall also be carried out in almost 500 sq. km. area. The state DGM has continuously carrying out geological exploration in this regard and during XIth five year plan detailed geological exploration for iron ore, limestone, bauxite, coal, Pyroxenite, quartz and soapstone has been carried out in 117.26 sq.km. area. A total of 4,195 samples of various minerals have been collected and analyzed to find out the grade of the ore/mineral. Drilling, core logging and sampling of 4,697 m. was carried out in different areas to assess the depth of the mineralization RESERVE OF OTHER MINERLS OF JHARKHAND: Reserve Sl.No. Minerals District ( In million tones) 1 Apatite 7.27 West Singhbhum 2 Asbestos 0.15 West Singhbhum, Saraikela-Kharsawa 3 Bentonite 0.81 Sahebganj 4 Beryl N.A. Sahebganj, Simdega, Koderma Lohardaga, Ranchi, Dumka, Sahebganj, 5 China clay 190.14 East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum 6 Dolomite 51.09 Palamu, Garhwa Garhwa, Palamu, Ranchi, Ramgarh, 7 Limestone 745.77 Hazaribagh, Bokaro, West Singhbhum 8 Pyroxenite 0.83 East Singhbhum,Saraikela-Kharsawan 9 Feldspar 1.65 Dumka, Hazaribagh, Deoghar 10 Graphite 10.34 Palamu Dhanbad, Hazaribagh, Palamu, Bokaro, 11 Fireclay 66.80 Giridih, Ramgarh Ranchi, East Singhbhum, West 12 Gold ore 0.035 Singhbhum, Simdega, Palamu 13 Chromite 0.73 West Singhbhum West Singhbhum, Saraikela-Kharsawa, 14 Kyanite 5.70 East Singhbhum, 15 Manganese 0.0007 West Singhbhum 16 Mica 0.000024 Koderma, Hazaribagh, Giridih East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum, Quartz /Quartzite (Silica Saraikela-Kharsawa, Dumka, 17 154.76 Sand) Hazaribagh, Deoghar, Palamu, Sahebganj 18 Cobalt 9.00 East Singhbhum East Singhbhum, Saraikela-Kharsawa, 19 Soap Stone 0.34 Giridih 20 Magnesite 2.30 East Singhbhum 21 Baryte 0.03 Palamu, Ranchi, East Singhbhum 22 Magnetite 10.26 Palamu, East Singhbhum 23 Ocher 0.024 West Singhbhum 1.2 LAND USE PATTERN,AGRICULTURE,CROPPING PATTERN Due to lateritic condition of the soil, deficiency in the rainfall and no major rivers, the land use pattern is different from the gangetic plain. Some irrigated area takes into account of Rabi, Kharif and oilseeds crops. But generally the area is best suited for vegetables, medicinal plants and floriculture due to natural drainage of water. Forest area covers about 41%of the total area, Barren and Uncultivable land is 11%, Land put to non agricultural use is 7 %, and current fallow is 15 % and 6% area comes under land other than current fallow. Net area sown is 13 %. The agricultural production is mainly from pulses and corn. Total kharif irrigated area is 996 ha. And total kharif unirrigated area is 15262 ha.Rabi irrigated area is 2008 ha. and Rabi Unirrigated area is 756 ha.Garma irrigated area is 18.28 ha.Total cropped area is 18632.2 ha.Area sown more than once is 6099 ha . Total irrigated Area in the district is 3186 ha. Irrigation is done mostly through dugwells, ponds, Borewells, minor irrigation and other sources. Irrigation done by dug well is 829.55 hectares. Irrigation by minor irrigation sources is 226.27 ha.Irrigation done by Ponds in the district are 612.39 ha.Irrigation done by bore wells in the district comes out to be 931.52 ha.Other sources of Irrigation contributes about 586.12 ha in the district. Total no. of dug wells in the district is 3866 1.4 Studies/Activities carried out by C.G.W.B.-- central ground water board has established one observation well under NHNS at the district headquarter Koderma to ascertain fluctuation and ground water quality. The board has also carried out exploratory drilling in different parts of the district and drilled about 5 no. of exploratory wells and one no. Of observation well to determine aquifer parameters, fractures encountered at different depths. Rainwater harvesting training programme was organized at Koderma mining Institute during the month of March 2005.In this training programme lectures were organized regarding ground water conservation and artificial recharge techniques.