İÇİNDEKİLER Donanım Tanıma ve Yapılandırma.......................................2 Donanım......................................................................................................2 Çekirdek Modülleri.......................................................................................4 sysfs Dosya Sistemi.....................................................................................5 Udev Dosya Sistemi.....................................................................................5 HAL ve D-Bus...............................................................................................6 Sistem Açılışı....................................................................6 Açılış Kaydı Yükleyici (Boot Loader).............................................................6 Grub............................................................................................................ 7 Açılış Günlüğü..............................................................................................8 Çalışma Seviyeleri.............................................................9 Init............................................................................................................. 10 SysV Init....................................................................................................10 Upstart.......................................................................................................13 Paket Yönetimi................................................................13 Paket Yönetimi...........................................................................................13 Pardus Paket Yönetimi................................................................................14 Paket sorgulama....................................................................................14 Paket Kurma..........................................................................................16 Paket Silme............................................................................................17 Paket Güncelleme..................................................................................18 Red Hat Paket Yönetimi..............................................................................18 RPM........................................................................................................ 18 rpm2cpio................................................................................................20 Yum Yapılandırma..................................................................................20 yumdownloader.....................................................................................22 Yum........................................................................................................ 23 Kaynak Kodundan Paket Derleme..............................................................26 Kütüphaneler.............................................................................................27 LD Yükleyici...............................................................................................27 GNU ve UNIX Komutları....................................................28 Kabuk........................................................................................................ 29 Yardım Alma...........................................................................................29 Komut Geçmişi.......................................................................................30 Komut Satırı...............................................................................................30 Çevre Değişkenleri.....................................................................................31 Program Çalıştırma....................................................................................32 Çıkışı Yönlendirme......................................................................................33 Ardışık Komutlar - Pipe...........................................................................34 Bağlı Komutlar.......................................................................................35 Temel Komutlar..........................................................................................35 ls............................................................................................................ 35 pwd........................................................................................................ 36 cd........................................................................................................... 37 cp........................................................................................................... 37 find........................................................................................................ 38 mkdir..................................................................................................... 39 mv.......................................................................................................... 39 rm.......................................................................................................... 40 rmdir...................................................................................................... 40 touch......................................................................................................40 cat.......................................................................................................... 41 wc.......................................................................................................... 42 head....................................................................................................... 42 tail.......................................................................................................... 43 more...................................................................................................... 44 less........................................................................................................ 44 nl............................................................................................................ 44 cut......................................................................................................... 44 tr............................................................................................................ 45 expand, unexpand.................................................................................45 fmt......................................................................................................... 45 pr........................................................................................................... 46 od........................................................................................................... 46 paste...................................................................................................... 47 join......................................................................................................... 48 split........................................................................................................ 50 sed......................................................................................................... 50 awk........................................................................................................ 53 sort........................................................................................................ 53 uniq........................................................................................................ 54 Dosya İsmi Örüntüleri................................................................................54 file............................................................................................................. 54 tee......................................................................................................... 54 xargs...................................................................................................... 55 Disk Bölümlendirmesi......................................................56 Bölümlendirme..........................................................................................56 MBR........................................................................................................... 57 GPT – GUID Disk Bölümlendirme Tablosu...................................................57 Oluşturulabilecek Disk Bölümleri...............................................................57 Açılış Yükleyicisi.........................................................................................57 fdisk ile Disk Bölümleme...........................................................................58 Dosya Sistemi Oluşturma..........................................................................59 Swap Alanı Oluşturma...............................................................................60 Dosya Sistemi Bakımı................................................................................60 fsck............................................................................................................62 Fstab Parametreleri...............................................................................64 Kota yapılandırması...................................................................................64 Sembolik ve Hard Bağlantılar....................................................................65 Dosya Arama.............................................................................................65 which komutu........................................................................................66