Reflection Seismic Profiling of the Wabash Valley Fault System in the Illinois Basin

Reflection Seismic Profiling of the Wabash Valley Fault System in the Illinois Basin

Reflection Seismic Profiling of the Wabash Valley Fault System in the Illinois Basin U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1538-0 MISSOURI ~"3t3fc: «tr- ^t-i. ARKANSAS Cover. Gray, shaded-relief map of magnetic anomaly data. Map area includes parts of Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Arkansas. Illumination is from the west. Figure is from Geophysical setting of the Reelfoot rift and relations between rift structures and the New Madrid seismic zone, by Thomas G. Hildenbrand and John D. Hendricks (chapter E in this series). Reflection Seismic Profiling of the Wabash Valley Fault System in the Illinois Basin By R.M. Rene and F.L. Stanonis INVESTIGATIONS OF THE NEW MADRID SEISMIC ZONE Edited by Kaye M. Shedlock and Arch C. Johnston U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1538-O This research was jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and ARPEX (Industrial Associates' Research Program in Exploration Seismology—Indiana University, University of Southern Indiana, Indiana Geological Survey) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1995 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services Box 25286, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rene, R.M. Reflection seismic profiling of the Wabash Valley fault system in the Illinois Basin / by R.M. Rend and F.L. Stanonis. p. cm.—(U.S. Geological Survey professional paper; 1538-O) (Investigations of the New Madrid seismic zone ; O) Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.16:1538-0 1. Faults (Geology)—Illinois Basin. 2. Seismic reflection method. I. Stanonis, F.L. II. Title. III. Series. IV. Series: Investigations of the New Madrid seismic zone ; O. QE535.2.U6I59 1994 vol. O [QE606.5.U6] 551.2'2'09778985 s—dc20 [551.8'7'00977] 94^4233 CIP CONTENTS Abstract........................................................................................................................... Ol Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1 Regional Geology and Previous Studies......................................................................... 4 Seismic Data Acquisition................................................................................................ 9 Seismic Data Processing................................................................................................. 10 Interpretation of Reflection Events................................................................................. 14 Ste. Genevieve, New Albany, Maquoketa, and Knox Events............................... 14 Identification of the Eau Claire Event................................................................... 14 Thickness of the Eau Claire Low-Impedance Layer............................................. 18 Acoustic Basement Event..................................................................................... 27 Interpretations of Faults and Fault-Related Structures.................................................... 29 Wabash Island Fault.............................................................................................. 29 Hovey Lake Fault.................................................................................................. 31 Summary and Discussion................................................................................................ 31 References Cited ............................................................................................................ 32 FIGURES 1. Map of the Wabash Valley fault system showing locations of seismic lines and deep wells..................................... O2 2. Map showing locations of seismic lines 1-3, locations of selected wells, and structural contours at the top of the Cypress Formation....................................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Maps showing Schwalb's (1982) interpretations of thicknesses of the Eau Claire Formation and the Mount Simon Sandstone......................................................................................................................................................... 6 4. Interval velocity, vertical average velocity, and synthetic seismogram for the Cuppy well and west end of the Hamilton County, Illinois, seismic line ...................................................................................................................... 7 5. Sexton and others' (1986) interpretation of the Grayville and New Harmony seismic profiles................................. 8 6. Stacking velocity, vertical-average velocity, interval velocity, and interval velocity function used for conversion to depth sections.......................................................................................................................................................... 11 7. Plot of velocity spectrum for location 245 in line 1.................................................................................................... 11 8. Line 1 stacked data from (X6 to 1.5 s in CDP locations 400-500 before and after wave-equation migration............ 12 9. F-K spectrum of stacked data in figure 8A.................................................................................................................. 13 10. Line 1 stacked section and plot of CDP fold............................................................................................................... 15 11. Line 1 migrated section for locations 9-560............................................................................................................... 16 12. Line 1 interpreted migrated section showing the Hovey Lake and Wabash Island faults .......................................... 17 13. Line 1 interpreted depth section (locations 9-560)..................................................................................................... 18 14. Line 1 interpreted depth section (locations 200-560)................................................................................................. 19 15. Line 1 interpreted depth section (locations 9-380)..................................................................................................... 20 16. Line 2 stacked section and plot of CDP fold............................................................................................................... 21 17. Line 2 migrated data.................................................................................................................................................... 21 18. Line 2 interpreted migrated data showing faults D and E of the Hovey Lake fault.................................................... 22 19. Line 2 interpreted depth section.................................................................................................................................. 23 20. Line 3 stacked section (0-1 s), migrated data, and depth section with 3:1 horizontal exaggeration.......................... 24 21. Line 3 interpreted migrated data and interpreted depth section showing the Wabash Island fault............................. 25 22. Parts of sonic logs for the Cuppy, Streich, and Duncan wells showing slowness (reciprocal velocity) as a function of two-way reflection time .......................................................................................................................................... 26 23. Modeled primary seismic wavelet, wavelet complexes 1-6, seismic data showing the Eau Claire event, and corresponding velocity models.................................................................................................................................... 27 III IV CONTENTS TABLES 1. Elevations of tops of formations in deep wells........................................................................................................... O5 2. Stratigraphic section and elevations of formation tops and thicknesses of strata in the General Electric Water Disposal No. 2 well, Posey County, Indiana............................................................................................................... 5 3. Seismic survey field parameters.................................................................................................................................. 10 4. Data processing sequence............................................................................................................................................ 10 5. Elevations of the top of the Cypress Formation (Upper Mississippian) and fault cuts, and thicknesses of strata faulted out in selected wells........................................................................................................................................ 29 REFLECTION SEISMIC PROFILING OF THE WABASH VALLEY FAULT SYSTEM IN THE ILLINOIS BASIN By R.M. Rene1 and F.L. Stanonis2 ABSTRACT trend with the Reelfoot rift of the New Madrid rift complex. We do not, however, see evidence of pre-Mount Simon Three common-depth-point (CDP) minihole reflection rift-fill associated with any large-displacement basement seismic profiles were recorded in southwestern Indiana near faults that may have been reactivated to

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