Two New Species of Tylenchidae, Basiroides nortoni n. sp. and Tylenchus hageneri n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchida) 1 ISMAIL A. ELMILIGY 2 Abstract: Basiroides nortoni n. sp. and Tylenchus hageneri n. sp. from soil around roots of corn from Ollie, Iowa, are described and illustrated. B. nortoni n. sp. has a posterior vulva, a long posterior uterine branch and an arcuate tail with pointed terminus. T. hageneri n. sp. has four lines in the lateral field, coarse transverse cuticular striae along the whole body, and a filiform tail slightly shorter than vulva-anus distance. Key Words: Basiroides nortoni, Tylenchus hageneri, Tylenchidae, Corn. During a study of the ecology of nema- ( ~ holotype): L = 862 /~; a = 43; b = todes in Iowa, specimens of Basiroides and 7.5; c=11.5; c'=6.7; V=82.5%; G= Tylenchus were found that seemed distinct 60; stylet = 7.5 ~. from other members of those genera. They ( ~ allotype): L=745 t~;a=41.3;b= are described below as B. nortoni n. sp. and 6.7; c = 9.8; c' = 5.8; T -- 67.7%; spicules T. hageneri n. sp. Sex ratios for both species = 24 ~; gubernaeulum = 7 ~; stylet = 7.5 ~. were about 1:1. Measurements of females, Description o] females.--Body slightly ar- males, and larvae were made from fixed cuate when relaxed, tapering both directions specimens mounted in glycerine (3). from near the middle. Lip region truncate, twice as wide as high. Cephalic framework SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS lightly sclerotized. Amphid aperture small, Basiroides nortoni n. sp. slit-like, near base of lip region. Stylet with (Fig. 1, A-D) small rounded knobs. Dorsal gland orifice Measurements (10 ~ 9 paratypes) : L = about 2/z behind stylet knobs. Median bulb 745 ~ (670-860); a= 38.5 (28.0-43.0); at about 42% of esophagus from anterior b = 7.0 (6.1-8.0); c = 10.0 (9.2-11.6); c' end. Isthmus about three times as long (tail length/anal body diameter)=6.5 as neck diameter at base of medium bulb. (5.4-6.8); V = 81% (79.5-85.5); G (over- Basal bulb pyriform. Cardia discoid, not all length of anterior ovary from vulva x extending into basal bulb. Excretory pore 100/overall body length)= 53 (48-66); and hemizonid opposite posterior half of stylet = 7.5 ~ (7.0-8.5). isthmus to anterior part of basal bulb, at (10 $~ paratypes): L=780 ~ (685- about 11.5% of body length from anterior 850); a=42.5 (38-52); b=6.8 (6.0- end. Deirids at level with excretory pore. 7.6); c =9.5 (8.3-10.1); c'= 6.7 (5.8- Nerve ring slightly anterior to mid-isthmus. 7.5) ; T = 65% (50-72) ; spicules (measured Cuticle striae very fine, about 0.8 t~ apart. along axis) = 23 ~ (21-25); gubernaculum Lateral field ¼ as wide as body diameter, = 75 ~ (6-9); stylet : 7.5 i, (7.0-8.5). marked by four lines at mid-body, the outer ones more distinct than the inner ones. Received for publication 4 June, i970. Ovary outstretched with oocytes in single a Journal Paper No. J-6598 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. file. Spermatheca not seen. Posterior uter- Project No. 133"/. Supported by U.S. Department of ine branch slightly longer than body diam- Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grant No. 12-14-100-9168(34). eter. Tail 74 ~ (69-88) in length, arcuate, z Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010. with pointed terminus somewhat variable in 108 TWO NEW SPECIES OF TYLENCHIDAE ° E[miligy 109 I '¢,# [ fo~ p .o,o ,J~ % "P ¢ B , o ,,~o ¢ '°' :':I C I ,0, : ii ,3 I ?~ I :Po 28 Lt E I :~:~ D 0 E FI6. 1. Basiroides nortoni n. sp. A. Neck region (lateral); B. Vulva region; 12. Male tail; l). Female tails; E. Cross section at mid-body to show the four incisures of the lateral field. 110 Journal oJ Nematology, Vol. 3, No. 2, April 1971 form. Vulva-anus distance 62 ~ (57-74) ( 18.0-23.5 ) ; gubernaculum = 7.5 ~ (7-9) ; long. Phasmids about one anal-body diam- stylet = 13 ~. eter posterior to anus. ( 9 holotype) : L = 916 t~; a = 41.5; b = Male.--Similar to female in gross shape. 7.8; c = 4.7;c'-- 15.9; V = 56.6%; G = 26; Bursa extending about two anal-body diam- stylet -- 12 t~. (~ allotype): L=845 t~; a=47; b= eters on tail. Testis outstretched, extending 7.8; c = 4.5; c' = 13.8; T = 40%; spicules three to five body-diameters posterior to = 18 ~; gubernaculum = 7 ~; stylet = 13 ~. basal bulb. Spicules arcuate. Description of females.--Striae 1.5 ~ apart Diagnosis.---B. nortoni n. sp. can be dis- near head but 1.7-2.0 ~ near mid-body. Lip tinguished from all known species of Basi- region about l a~ as wide as high. Anterior roides (2, 5) by the arcuate tail with pointed part of stylet shorter than posterior part; terminus, posterior vulva, long posterior stylet knobs large and sloping posteriorly. uterine branch, and short styler. Dorsal gland orifice 2-3 ~ behind stylet Holotype Female.---U.S.A. Slide No. knobs. Median bulb fusiform located at 42% T-179t. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Nema- of esophagus from anterior end. Isthmus tode Collection, Beltsville, Maryland. twice as long as neck diameter at base of Allotype Male.--Slide No. T-180t. Same median bulb. Nerve ring encircling isthmus collection. near its middle. Basal bulb elongate pyri- Paratype Females and Males.--U.S.D.A. form. Excretory pore and hemizonid at about 11.5% of body length from anterior Nematode Collection, Beltsville, Maryland, end. Deirids nearly at level with excretory and Department of Botany and Plant Pathol- pore. Vulva without lateral membranes. ogy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Ovary outstretched, oocytes arranged in Type Host and Habitat.---Hagener loamy single file. Spermatheca measuring 13 sand soil around roots of corn, Zea mays L. long and 11 ~ wide, filled with sperms. Egg Type Locality.--John Williams farm, 59 ~ long and 23 /~ wide. Posterior uterine Ollie, Keokuk County, Iowa. branch about % as long as body diameter. The species name is given in honor of Dr. Body tapering from vulva to terminus. Vulva- D. C. Norton, Botany and Plant Pathology anus distance 183 /~ (149-207) long, Department, Iowa State University, Ames, slightly longer than tail. Tails of both Iowa. sexes filiform, 172 ~ (154-194) long. Phasmids about two anal-body diameters Tylenchus hageneri n. sp. posterior to anus. Lateral field a~ as wide (Fig. 2, A-E) as body diameter, marked by four lines, the Measurements (10 Q 9 paratypes): L= outer ones being more prominent than the 896 ~ (750-990); a = 39 (30-45); b = 6.4 inner ones. (6.0-7.8); c=5.2 (4.7-5.7); c'=I1.2 Male.--Similar to female in gross shape. (10.2-17.0); V = 60.0% (55-64); G = Bursa extending about two anal-body diam- 25.5 (20-30); stylet = 13 ~ (12-14). eters on tail. Testis outstretched. Spicules (10 ~ paratypes); L=856 ~ (714- arcuate, resting on simple, trough-like guber- 946); a=40.7 (34-47); b=6.9 (6.6- naculum. 7.8); c=5.0 (4.5-6.1); c'=11.8 (10.2- Diagnosis.--T. hageneri n. sp. is distinc- 11.8); T=45% (39-52); spicules =20 tz tive because of the coarse cuticular striae, Two NEw SPECIES OF TYLENCHIDAE • Elmiligy 111 t,I ~~ ,£4~/:*'~J~: i.'. tl| :!: .:.,; I ', !?. ::: i ~;: ,. I , .',;i .. :.';I V ": " ,:',,. : '1 I ;'' ',+" ; I ~ '.'" '-" !l I \ I',~ !..,..';Ii-.::*i tl C 28 U I ~1I I . q%'l I fl, Di'l ./~o: I j ;'2 : t #"~.'?1 / ,~,![e-, ] FIG. 2. Tylenchus hageneri n. sp, A. Neck region (lateral); B. Vulva region; C. Lateral field; D. Female tail; E. Male tail. 112 Journal of Nematology, Vol. 3, No. 2, April 1971 four lines in the lateral field, filiform tail and Department of Botany and Plant Pathol- slightly shorter than vulva-anus distance, and ogy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. the trough-like gubernaculum. It can be dis- Type Host and Habitat.--Hagener loamy tinguished from the most closely related sand around roots of Zea mays. species, T. exiguus de Man, 1876 (1, 4, 5) Type LocaIity.--John Williams farm, because T. exiguus has very fine striae, tail Ollie, Keokuk County, Iowa. about equal to vulva-anus distance, posterior Species name was derived from soil series vulva position (V = 66%), short body (L = named Hagener loamy sand. 500-700 /~), and differently shaped guber- LITERATURE CITED naculum. The two lines in the lateral field, 1. ANDRASSY, I. 1954. Revision der Gattung the vulva-anus distance 1 and % times Tylenchus Bastian, 1865 (Tylenchidae: tail length, the fine and obscure striae on Nematoda). Acta Zool. Acad. Sci. Hung. 1:5-42. most of body, and the absence of males dif- 2. GERAERT,E. 1968. The genus Basiria (Nema- ferentiate T. cylindricus Thorne and Malek toda: Tylenchina). Nematologica 14:459- 481. 1968 (5), from T. hageneri. 3. SEINHORST, J. W. 1959. A rapid method Holotype Female.---U.S.A. Slide No. for the transfer of nematodes from fixa- tive to anhydrous glycerin. Nematologica T-181t. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Nema- 4: 67-69. tode Collection, Beltsville, Maryland. 4. THORNE, G. 1961. Principles of Nematol- ogy. McGraw-HilL New York. 533 p. Allotype Male.--Slide No. T-182t. Same 5. THORNE, G., and R. B. MALEK. 1968. collection. Nematodes of the northern great plains. Paratype Females and Males.--U.S.D.A.