Passage2014,2(1), 72-83 Woman Representation in Tangled Film Rahajeng Herningtyas Woro Utamie English Language and Literature Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia [email protected] ABSTRACT The present study aims at examining and making meaning of the representation of woman in Tangled film. Utilizing a qualitative research, particularly a descriptive method, the present study adopts Kellie Heintz and Mark Stracey’s (2006) film studies theory and women representation theory by Brittany N Maggiore (2003). There are a lot of studies about women representation but only a few which discusses women representation using film studies. Therefore, this present study highlights women representation from different perspective because this study uses a film as the subject of the research to see woman representation by using the language of film, such as camera shot, camera angle and mise en scene. From the analysis, there are three aspects which shows woman representation in Tangled film, such as Rapunzel’s physical appearance, personal traits, and her relation to other characters. Through the language of film, the woman representation in Tangled film is constructed in more detail because the element used by the filmmaker made the figure more highlighted. Meanwhile, the woman representation theory also strengthens the depiction of woman representation in Tangled film. This film offers a new portrayal of woman representation which shows a beautiful woman who has ability in language. Keywords: Camera Angle, Camera Shot, Film, Film Studies, Mise En Scene, Rapunzel, Tangled, Woman, Woman Representation . 72 Rahajeng Herningtyas Woro Utamie Woman Representation in Tangled Film INTRODUCTION daughter of the king. When she was a Klarer (1998) theorizes that classical baby, she was kidnapped by an old literary forms are classified into woman named Mother Gothel and three; namely, epic (prose), drama, hid her in a tall tower for years. Until and poetry. The most recent one day, she realized that Mother contemporary literary theory says Gothel is not her biological mother. that film is included in the form of She tried to escape from Mother contemporary literature (Gunning, Gothel but failed. Eventually, she 2012). Films are often made to show was rescued by a handsome thief, and convey something in the real Flynn Rider and Mother Gothel died. reality by using other ways, such as Then, Flynn Rider accompanied stories and character in the film. Rapunzel to see her parents and they Similar to prose, a film also has an all lived happily. element of mimesis namely Several theories have been representation of reality (Heintz & chosen as the framework to analyze Stracey, 2006). and categorize the data in the study. There are three types of film The study adopts theoretical namely, documentary, experimental, framework from Heinz and Stracey and animated film (Bordwell and (2006) which identifies how films Thompson, 2010). Each type has its express the woman representation own features. The present study through the language of film and chooses to use Tangled film as the women representation theory from subject of the research because it is a Maggiore’s to strengthen the woman good example of an animated film representation in this film. According which contains some aspects of to Heinz and Stracey’s (2006) theory, women representation. Tangled is an there are seven elements of the animated film directed by Nathan language of film but in this study the Greno and Byron Howard from Walt writer only uses three elements, such Disney Studio. It tells about a young as camera shot, camera angle and girl named Rapunzel who has a mise en scene. magical blonde hair. She was a 73 Passage2014,2(1), 72-83 Furthermore, this study also higher position. Lastly, being highlights women representation beautiful means that women who are from different perspective because selected to be represented are usually this study uses a film as the subject beautiful. However, it is important to of the research to see woman note that the women’s representation representation by using the language is not something that is fixed because of film. Films have some elements woman’s life is changing step by step that serve as film medium or and it is important to mirror this cinematic techniques. These change. elements have different functions to convey the woman representation to METHODOLOGY the viewers. Therefore, an analysis of The study employs a descriptive these elements can give an indication qualitative method because it aims to of what the filmmaker should do. investigate and make meaning of the In addition to the language of representation of woman in Tangled film and its relation, the women film. representation theory also has In terms of data collection, important aspects. According to they are collected through watching Maggiore (2003), women in fairy Tangled film for several times. The tales are often represented as a data are in the form of shots and proper woman who is usually silent, dialogues that are purposively passive, without ambition and selected to answer the research beautiful. Being silent means a questions. The collected data such as woman should not speak until she is scenes, shots, and dialogues are granted permission to speak. categorized and critically analyzed Secondly, being passive refers to a by using the framework of film situation where a woman must not studies as proposed by Heintnz and question the rules that already exist. Stracey (2006). Further, the Thirdly, having no ambition means description and presentation of the that a woman should not have an analysis are interpreted by means of ambition or desire for power or categorizing how the main woman 74 Rahajeng Herningtyas Woro Utamie Woman Representation in Tangled Film character in this film is represented (a) through the language of film. The result of the study is expected to give the readers a new perspective of how a woman is represented through the main woman character in Tangled (b) film using the theory of film studies. Figure 1: This shot presents In Tangled film, Rapunzel is Rapunzel’s physical appearance in presented as a beautiful woman who Tangled film has a bit different aspects than other The shot evidenced above women in fairy tales. The depicts Rapunzel’s physical presentation like this represented a appearance, such as her long blonde new portrayal of woman in Walt hair, skinny face, big eyes, small lips, Disney animated film. This white skin, tiny waist, slim figure representation is presented through and her purple gown. The long shot the language of film highlighting technique creates Rapunzel’s aspects such as Rapunzel physical physical appearance and the appearances, personal traits and her environment around her is easily relation to other characters. The first recognizable (1a & 1b). In other aspect is physical appearance. To words, even the background in the describe how woman’s physical long shot is still wide; it does not appearance is presented in this film, make the character of Rapunzel set the shots and dialogue evidences aside. In addition, the filmmaker also from this film are used as a key to uses the mise en scene technique– explain it. lighting, in this shot. The key and FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION back light in this shot creates Rapunzel’s physical appearance more highlighted and more natural (1a & 1b). Besides the long shot technique, the filmmaker also uses 75 Passage2014,2(1), 72-83 medium shot and close-up shot on Figure 2: This shot shows the shot below. In figure 2a, the Rapunzel’s physical appearance in filmmaker uses a medium shot more detail technique which creates more The next shot in figure 3 detailed parts of Rapunzel’s physical presents Rapunzel’s meeting with a appearance. Meanwhile the close-up stranger for the first time in her shot focuses on the figure’s face as house. At that moment a thief named, the central attention and no Flynn Rider came by accident and background is visible (Heintz & hid in Rapunzel’s house. Even Stracey, 2006). The camera on figure though her physical appearance 2b shows a close-up shot of succeeds in making Flynn Rider Rapunzel and gives the detail fascinated but she fails asking Flynn physical appearance of Rapunzel Rider to be her guide to see the such as her big green eyes, natural lanterns. To realize her dream, she pink lips, cute freckled nose, thin has to force Flynn Rider to approve brown eyebrows and blonde hair. an agreement and she would return The back and key light make his satchel if he accepts the offer. It Rapunzel’s physical appearance means that her physical appearance more outstanding (Figure 2a & 2b). has failed to make Flynn Rider accept her offering to be her guide. (a) (a) (b) 76 Rahajeng Herningtyas Woro Utamie Woman Representation in Tangled Film (b) shows a view from subject’s Figure 3: This shot presents perspective (Heintz & Stracey, Rapunzel’s agreement to Flynn 2006). Rider Rapunzel’s physical appearance not only fails to attract Flynn Rider but also other characters in this film. The shot below shows (a) when Flynn Rider invites her to the bar, Snuggly Duckling (Figure 4). The filmmaker uses medium shot to express Rapunzel’s terrified expression in more detail such as her bulging out eyes and lips which (b) slightly parted (4a). The terrified Figure 4: This shot shows the bad expression is caused by Mother guys’ facial expression when they Gothel that for years she does not meet Rapunzel allow Rapunzel to see the outside The next aspect is personal world. Moreover, she told Rapunzel traits of Rapunzel. There are at least that the outside world is scary, full of three traits owned by Rapunzel in ruffians, cannibals, poison ivy so it this film, such as independent, brave, shows terrified expression.