Russian International Affairs Council GLOBALIZATION 2.0 New Approaches to Research and Teaching Moscow · 2017 Layout.indd 1 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 UDC 316.42:[327+339.9] BBC 66.09+66.4(0),03+60.561.3 G54 This publication has been produced by the Russian International Affairs Council The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of RIAC or its partners. The publication is distributed free-of-charge. RIAC scientific and editorial support: I. Timofeev, Ph.D. in Political Science; T. Makhmutov, Ph.D. in Political Science; T. Bogdasarova, Ph.D. in Political Science. GLOBALIZATION 2.0. New Approaches to Research and Teaching / G54 Forewords by Igor Ivanov and Umberto Vattani. Moscow : NPMP RIAC, 2017. – 400 p. ISBN 978-5-9909275-5-1 This book presents a collection of the bachelors, masters and doctoral degrees (Ph.D.) programs of the leading Russian and Italian universities in the field of globalization. The authors focused on the following aspects of globalization: international relations, world politics and global studies; world economics; non-state actors in the global world; global security; global gov- ernance; international law and globalization; cities in the global world; envi- ronment and globalization; national and regional perspectives on globaliza- tion. The book will be of interest to scientists, professors, lecturers, students and education officials. Printed in Russia. ISBN 978-5-9909275-5-1 © Drafting, translation and design. NPMP RIAC, 2017 Layout.indd 2 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORDS . 9 Foreword to the Russia–Italy Collection . 11 Igor Ivanov, President of the Russian International Affairs Council Globalization 2.0 . 15 Umberto Vattani, President of Venice International University INTRODUCTION . 19 Globalization 2.0 New Approaches to Research, Teaching and Learning . 21 Andrey Kortunov, the Russian International Affairs Council Director General; Andrey Melville, Dean of Social Sciences Department at Higher School of Economics Globalization 2.0: Opening Remarks . 32 Umberto Vattani, President of Venice International University 1. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, WORLD POLITICS AND GLOBAL STUDIES . 35 1.1. Contemporary International Relations . 37 Igor Zhukovsky, Anna Barsukova (IKBFU) 1.2. World Politics . 56 Marina Lebedeva (MGIMO) 1.3. World Politics (Introduction to International Affairs and Strategic Governance) . 66 Yulia Nikitina (MGIMO) 1.4. World Politics . 73 Flera Sokolova (NarFU) 1.5. Global Trends and Current Problems . 81 Ksenia Muratshina, Nataliya Kozykina (UrFU) 1.6. Political Global Studies . 87 Mikhail Berendeyev (IKBFU) 3 Layout.indd 3 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.7. Political Global and Regional Studies . 100 Mikhail Berendeyev (IKBFU) 1.8. World Integration Processes . 120 Evelina Pavelyeva (SFU) 2. GLOBAL ECONOMY . 131 2.1. Global Economy in Historical Perspective . 133 Lucia Coppolaro (University of Padua) 2.2. Problems of Economic Development in World Politics . 136 Sergey Afontsev (MGIMO) 2.3. World Economy . 149 Alexey Grigoryev, Elena Chernotalova (SFU) 2.4. Global Economics . 156 Paolo Paesani, Gustavo Piga (Tor Vergata University) 2.5. Global Economy and Multinational Companies . 158 Giovanni Balcet (University of Turin) 2.6. Globalization and Competitiveness: Global Value Chains . 160 Stefano Micelli, Giulio Buciuni (VIU) 2.7. Economic Globalization and Human Rights . 164 Roberto Antonietti (University of Padua) 2.8. Economics of Innovation . 167 Cristiano Antonelli (University of Turin) 2.9. Global Sourcing . 169 Giovanni Vaia (Ca’ Foscari University of Venice) 2.10. Cultural Industries and Global Markets . 171 Enrico Eraldo Bertacchini (University of Turin) 3. NON-STATE ACTORS IN A GLOBAL WORLD . 175 3.1. Non-State Actors in World Politics . 177 Marina Lebedeva (MGIMO) 3.2. Non-State Actors in World Politics . 185 Dmitry Pobedash (UrFU) 3.3. Non-State Actors in World Politics . 191 Dmitry Baluev (UNN) 3.4. Global Society . 197 Uzi Rabi (Tor Vergata University) 4 Layout.indd 4 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4. GLOBAL SECURITY . 201 4.1. Global Security and Conflicts . 203 Tatiana Yurieva (MGIMO) 4.2. Megatrends and Global Security . 213 Valeri Mikhailenko, Ekaterina Mikhailenko (UrFU) 4.3. International and National Security: Foundations and Applied Analysis . 228 Dmitry Baluev (UNN) 5. GLOBAL GOVERNANCE . 233 5.1. International Governance and Regional Integration . 235 Umberto Morelli (University of Turin) 5.2. Global Economic Governance . 239 Alberto Oddenino (University of Turin) 5.3. Global Governance for Peace and Security, Cooperation and Development . 241 Ilja Richard Pavone (VIU) 5.4. Global Governance for Peace and Security, Cooperation and Development . 246 Richard Nielsen (VIU) 5.5. Global Governance in the Global Community . 251 Maria Lagutina (SPSU) 5.6. Global Strategic Management (Global Governance) . 263 Maxim Kharkevich (MGIMO) 6. INTERNATIONAL LAW AND GLOBALIZATION . 271 6.1. International Law and Globalization . 273 Alberto Oddenino (University of Turin) 6.2. International Law and Contemporary Challenges . 275 Fiammetta Borgia, Federica Mucci, Pierluigi Simone (Tor Vergata University) 6.3. International Development Law . 278 Cristiana Carletti (Roma Tre University) 5 Layout.indd 5 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 TABLE OF CONTENTS 7. CITIES IN A GLOBAL WORLD . 283 7.1. Cities and Globalization . 285 Alberto Vanolo (University of Turin) 7.2. City and Immigration . 288 Elena Ostanel (VIU) 7.3. Cities, Global Change and Sustainable Development . 293 Margherita Turvani (VIU) 8. ENVIRONMENT AND GLOBALIZATION . 299 8.1. Globalization, Environment and Sustainable Development . 301 Ignazio Musu, Ilda Mannino (VIU) 8.2. Environmental Quality Engineering . 309 Giulia Costa (Tor Vergata University) 8.3. Regional Aspects of Global Environmental Security . 311 Andrey Alimov, Elena Stetsko (SPSU) 9. ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION . 319 9.1. Global History . 321 Renzo Derosas (Ca’ Foscari University of Venice) 9.2. Globalization, Ethics, Welfare and Human Rights . 324 Francesca Coin (VIU) 9.3. International History of Peace . 328 Renato Moro (Roma Tre University) 9.4. Identity, Heritage and Globalization . 334 Martina Avanza (VIU) 9.5. Challenges of Globalization . 337 Ulrich Metschi (VIU) 10. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON GLOBALIZATION . 341 10.1. Actual Trends in Globalization: Russia’s Approaches and Interpretations . 343 Olga Pavlenko, Victoria Zhuravleva, Ilya Kravchenko (RSUH) 10.2. Russia in Global Affairs . 353 Vladislav Goldin (NarFU) 6 Layout.indd 6 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 TABLE OF CONTENTS 10.3. The United States and the World in the 20th and 21st Centuries . 357 Daniele Fiorentino (Roma Tre University) 10.4. Transatlantic Relations since 1945 . 362 Luca Ratti (Roma Tre University) 10.5. The International System after the End of the Cold War . 380 Leopoldo Nuti (Roma Tre University) 11. ABOUT UNIVERSITIES . 387 11.1. Russian Universities . 389 11.2. Italian Universities . 395 11.3. University Acronyms . 399 About RIAC . 400 7 Layout.indd 7 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 Layout.indd 8 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 FOREWORDS Layout.indd 9 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 Layout.indd 10 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 FOREWORD TO THE RUSSIA–ITALY COLLECTION Igor Ivanov, President of the Russian International Affairs Council Many of us continue to believe that we are still living at the start of the 21st century. Meanwhile, we have barely noticed that the second decade of this century is already upon us, and the “noughties” – the victories and defeats, hopes and dis- appointments of an era that is so close, but at the same time so distant – are drift- ing further and further into the past. Of the many contradictory and ambiguous phenomena that characterized the turbulent times in world politics at the turn of the century, one of the most contro- versial was the emergence of globalization. Of course, globalization as such ap- peared much earlier, its roots lie deep in the past. But it was not until the beginning of the 21st century that the problem of globalization became fashionable, causing heated scientific debates and no less impassioned political battles. Enthusiasts placed their trust in it, sceptics cursed it. Globalization was seen as a reason to be optimistic about the future, and was the basis for eschatological prophecies. It is understandable and even natural that so much attention has been paid to the subject of globalization. The advent of the 21st century was marked by the growing unity of humankind in the economic, social and humanitarian spheres. Foreign trade and investments were actively developing. Almost all layers of society around the world instantly became more mobile. The internet appeared in the lives of ordinary people for the first time, giving them access to an information and com- munications revolution, the likes of which had never been seen before. Everything became more evident and visible, and global security problems became increasingly intertwined. It makes sense that there never was, nor could there ever be, a consensus on globalization. Nevertheless, for the longest time, the optimists had the upper hand, both in terms of the detail in their arguments and in terms of the influence; they had on public opinion in most countries. The optimistic view of globalization was reflected in education, specifically, in the multitude of university textbooks pub- lished in the United States, Europe and Russia over the past ten years. Flipping 11 Layout.indd 11 09-Mar-17 15:05:59 FOREWORDS through these textbooks today, it takes a great amount of effort to not smile dismis- sively – the romanticism of dedicated globalists bordered on naivety, and the nega- tive side effects of globalization that are so evident today were either ignored back then or treated as temporary and transient phenomena. So when did these optimistic assessments of globalization processes begin to lose their influence? There is no clear answer to this question. It would seem that it would make sense to talk about the chain of events that, taken together, have led many experts, journalists and politicians to reconsider their earlier views on the course of global development, or if these views are even correct at all.