The Oliver Site Coahoma County, Mississippi: Collected Papers, Part I A Late Woodland through Protohistoric Mound Complex in the Northern Yazoo Basin Compiled and Edited by John M. Connaway Assisted by Jay K. Johnson, Mary Elizabeth Harty, Jessica Crawford, and Marvin Jeter Funded by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History with a grant from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development and Mississippi Development Authority Archaeological Report 39 Mississippi Department of Archives and History Jackson, Mississippi 2015 Archaeological Report No. 39 Mississippi Department of Archives and History Katie Blount Director Pamela Edwards Lieb Series Editor Chris Goodwin Managing Editor Gregory A. Waselkov and Bonnie L. Gums Technical Editors Sarah B. Mattics Design and Layout Cover Illustration: Vessels from Oliver Site, Peabody Museum Catalog. ISBN-13: 978-0-938896-05-0 Copyright © 2015 Mississippi Department of Archives and History P.O. Box 571, Jackson, MS 39205-0571 [email protected] Table of Contents Part I: List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................................................ iii Part I: List of Tables ...............................................................................................................................................................................iv Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction: The Oliver Site Publication Project by John M. Connaway .........................................................................................3 Chapter 1. A Tribute To Charles Peabody by Stephen Williams ..........................................................................................................5 Bibliography of Charles Peabody .......................................................................................................................................10 Footnotes ..............................................................................................................................................................................11 Chapter 2. Exploration of Mounds, Coahoma County, Mississippi by Charles Peabody ................................................................13 Chapter 3. The Peabody Excavations, Coahoma County, Mississippi, 1901-1902 by John Saltonstall Belmont ...........................71 Editorial Note by John M. Connaway .......................................................................................................................................71 Part I: Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................................71 A. Aims and Final Scope ....................................................................................................................................................71 B. History of the Northern Delta .......................................................................................................................................72 Part II: Dorr Mound ....................................................................................................................................................................76 A. Location ...........................................................................................................................................................................76 B. The Dorr Data and Methods of Excavation .................................................................................................................76 C. Phases Present at Dorr and Their Burials ....................................................................................................................80 Part III: Stratigraphy of the Big Mound at Oliver and Associated Data ...............................................................................81 A. Introductory ....................................................................................................................................................................81 B. The Maps ..........................................................................................................................................................................82 C. Summary ..........................................................................................................................................................................98 Part IV: Phases at Oliver - Ceramics .........................................................................................................................................98 A. The Dorr Phase and Other Possible Early Manifestations ........................................................................................98 B. Coahoma Phase Pottery .................................................................................................................................................99 1. Mulberry Creek Cord-Marked ..............................................................................................................................99 2. Baytown Plain ........................................................................................................................................................101 3. Larto Red-Filmed ..................................................................................................................................................103 4. Incised Types ..........................................................................................................................................................103 5. Other Types ............................................................................................................................................................103 6. Comparative Dating of Coahoma Ceramics ......................................................................................................104 C. Hushpuckena Phase Pottery ........................................................................................................................................105 1. Neely’s Ferry Plain [now Mississippi Plain, var. Neeley’s Ferry] ......................................................................105 2. Barton Incised, var. Barton ........................................................................................................................... 107 3. Barton Incised, var. Wallace [now Wallace Incised, var. Wallace] ..................................................................107 4. Parkin Punctated ...................................................................................................................................................108 5. Red Painted Types .................................................................................................................................................108 6. Trade Type-Leland [Incised] ................................................................................................................................108 7. Other Pottery Objects ...........................................................................................................................................108 Pipe ......................................................................................................................................................................108 Sherd Discs .........................................................................................................................................................108 Minature Vessels ................................................................................................................................................109 D. Mississippian Incised Types ........................................................................................................................................110 E. Oliver Phase Pottery .....................................................................................................................................................111 1. Shapes ......................................................................................................................................................................111 2. Neeley’s Ferry Plain [now Mississippi Plain, var. Neeley’s Ferry] ....................................................................114 3. Barton Incised ........................................................................................................................................................114 4. Parkin Punctated ...................................................................................................................................................115 5. Red Painted Types .................................................................................................................................................115 6. Trade Pottery ..........................................................................................................................................................115 F. Oliver Pottery, Continuity, and the Quapaw Question .............................................................................................115 Part V: Phases at Oliver - Non-Ceramic Aspects ..................................................................................................................116