Pinaceae Pinus contorta lodgepole pine (shore pine) Sight ID characteristics • Throughout western North America – 3 varieties var. contorta (Pacific coast – shore pine; cyan), var. latifolia (Rocky mountains; red), var. murryana (Cascades, Sierra Nevada; blue) • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, !” – 3” long, yellow to dark green, often twisted, persistent 3-8 years • Seed cones asymmetrical, !”- 2 "” long, tan brown apophysis, umbo with variably deciduous prickle, often remain on tree for many years • var. latifolia mostly serotinous • Seed cone often pointing back towards base of branch 101 NOTES AND SKETCHES 102 Pinaceae Pinus banksiana jack pine Sight ID characteristics • Northeastern deciduous zone and boreal forests – dry, acidic soils • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, !” – 2” long, stout, yellow- green, often twisted, concave or flat on inner surface • Leaves sometimes 3 per fascicle near leader and/or on young trees • Seed cones 1”- 2 "” long, curved, apex pointing towards tip of branch, apophysis rounded, umbo with minute prickle • Serotinous in northern part of range 103 NOTES AND SKETCHES 104 Pinaceae Pinus virginiana Virginia pine Sight ID characteristics • Appalachian species • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, !” – 3” long, gray-green to yellow-green, twisted • Seed cones 1 "”- 2 !” long, light brown, apophysis reddish-brown, umbo with prominent prickle • Not serotinous, but may remain on tree for several years 105 NOTES AND SKETCHES 106 Pinaceae Pinus resinosa red pine Sight ID characteristics • Northeastern deciduous zone • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, 4” – 6 "” long, dark yellow- green, not twisted, break cleanly between fingers • Seed cones 1 #” – 2 #” long, apophysis rounded, chestnut-brown, umbo unarmed • Not serotinous 107 NOTES AND SKETCHES 108 Pinaceae Pinus sylvestris Scots pine Sight ID characteristics • Commonly planted, native to Eurasia (more northern) • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, 1 #” – 3 !” long, blue-green, stiff and sharp-pointed • Seed cones 1 "” - 2 #” long, apophysis raised, pyramidal, umbo with minute prickle, seed scale pointed at apex • Seed cone often pointing back towards base of branch 109 NOTES AND SKETCHES 110 Pinaceae Pinus nigra Austrian pine Sight ID characteristics • Commonly planted, native to Eurasia (more southern) • Subgenus Pinus • Leaves in fascicles of 2, 3 #” – 6” long, dark green, stiff – do not break cleanly like Pinus resinosa • Seed cones 2” - 3” long, yellow-brown, apophysis keeled, umbo with deciduous prickle, seed scale rounded at apex • Cones not serotinous and shed at maturity 111 NOTES AND SKETCHES 112.