City of Portland Invasive Plant Strategy In Response to Resolution 36360 October 30, 2008 Table of Contents ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................. I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. II CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................1 1.1 WHAT IS AN INVASIVE PLANT? ...........................................................................................................................1 1.2 HOW DID INVASIVE PLANTS GET HERE? ............................................................................................................2 1.3 RESOLUTION 36360 ............................................................................................................................................2 1.3.1 City of Portland Resolution 36360.............................................................................................................2 1.3.2 Strategy Report ..........................................................................................................................................3 1.3.3 Acreage of City Owned Open Space and Estimates of Invasive Plant Species ..........................................3 1.4 WHY ARE INVASIVE SPECIES A PROBLEM?.........................................................................................................4 1.4.1 Watershed Health........................................................................................................................................4 1.4.2 Wildfire Risk...............................................................................................................................................8 1.4.3 Stormwater Interception...........................................................................................................................10 1.4.4 Green Infrastructure ................................................................................................................................10 1.4.5 Economics ................................................................................................................................................11 CHAPTER 2: EXISTING CITY PROGRAMS ............................................................................................13 CHAPTER 3: REGIONAL INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL ....................................................................15 3.1 REGIONAL EFFORTS AND CITY COORDINATION ................................................................................................15 3.2 REVIEW OF INVASIVE PLANT MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS .................................................................................15 3.3 NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS ...........................................................................................................................16 CHAPTER 4: TEN YEAR GOALS ............................................................................................................17 4.1 PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................................................17 4.2 OUTREACH,EDUCATION, AND COORDINATION.................................................................................................17 4.3 INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT..........................................................................................................................17 4.4 INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL ............................................................................................................................18 CHAPTER 5: PROPOSED THREE YEAR WORK PLAN ........................................................................19 5.1 POLICY AND PROGRAMS ...................................................................................................................................19 5.1.1 Policy .......................................................................................................................................................19 5.1.2 Programs to Enhance Public Land Management ....................................................................................20 5.1.3 Programs for Public and Private Lands ..................................................................................................21 5.1.4 Enforcement .............................................................................................................................................22 5.2 OUTREACH AND EDUCATION ............................................................................................................................22 5.2.1 Develop Media Strategy...........................................................................................................................23 5.2.2 Technical and Financial Assistance to Landowners................................................................................23 5.2.3 Publication and Outreach Materials........................................................................................................25 5.2.4 Lead by Example......................................................................................................................................26 5.3 COORDINATION.................................................................................................................................................27 5.4 ASSESSMENT (INVENTORY AND CONTROL PRIORITIES) ....................................................................................28 5.4.1 Inventory ...................................................................................................................................................28 5.4.2 Control Priorities......................................................................................................................................29 5.4.3 Annual Reporting .....................................................................................................................................31 5.4.4 Invasive Animal Strategy..........................................................................................................................32 5.4.5 Research...................................................................................................................................................32 5.5 CONTROL AND RESTORATION ...........................................................................................................................32 5.5.1 Methods....................................................................................................................................................32 5.5.2 Development of Species-specific Management Plans ..............................................................................33 5.5.3 Control Efforts .........................................................................................................................................34 5.5.4 Site Restoration Following Control Efforts..............................................................................................36 CHAPTER 6: COSTS AND FUNDING SOURCES...................................................................................38 6.1 COSTS ...............................................................................................................................................................38 6.1.1 Staffing Costs ...........................................................................................................................................39 6.2 POTENTIAL FUNDING SOURCES..........................................................................................................................41 6.2.1 Existing and Future Operating Funds......................................................................................................41 6.2.2 Ratepayer and System Development Charges..........................................................................................41 6.2.3 Tax Revenue and Incentive Based Program.............................................................................................42 6.2.4 Grants ......................................................................................................................................................42 6.2.5 Revenue from Mitigation Fees or Fines for Violations ............................................................................43 6.2.6 Summary of Potential Funding Sources...................................................................................................43 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................45 CHAPTER 8: REFERENCES....................................................................................................................46 LIST OF APPENDICES:.............................................................................................................................48 Appendix A: City of Portland Bureau of Planning Invasive Species Designations List Appendix B: City of Portland Resolution 36360 Appendix C: Summary of Report Development Appendix D: Summary of City and Regional Invasive Plant Species Programs Appendix E: Photos Appendix F: Tables Appendix G: Figures Appendix H: Memo: Use of Goats for Invasive Plant Species Control