Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility

Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility

Public Disclosure Authorized Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Public Disclosure Authorized Cairo Governorates) PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Prepared by: Public Disclosure Authorized Integral Consult© Cairo Office: Doha Office: 2075 El Mearaj City, Ring Road, 6th Floor Al Mana Tower B, Al Sadd, Maadi – Cairo – Egypt C-Ring Road, P.O Box. 55781 Phone +202 2 25204515 Phone: +974 4466 4203, +974 4455 Fax +202 2 25204514 0483 Fax +974 4466 7843 Email: [email protected] www.integral-egypt.com Public Disclosure Authorized A Member of Environmental Alliance May, 2020 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (Preliminary ESIA) Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Cairo Governorates) Preliminary ESIA Integral Consult Cairo Office 2075 El Mearaj City, Ring Road, Maadi – Cairo - Egypt Phone +202 25204515 • Fax +202 25204514 Email: [email protected] Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Cairo Governorates) PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT i Contributors to the Study Dr. Amr Osama, Integral Consult President Dr. Yasmine Kamal, Technical and Operations Manager Dr. Anan Mohamed, Social Development Consultant Eng. Mai Ibrahim, Technical Team Lead Eng. Enas Gouda, Environmental Specialist Eng. Lana Mahmoud, Environmental Specialist Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Cairo Governorates) PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... x List of Tables ............................................................................................................... xiii List of Figures .............................................................................................................. xvi Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 18 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 29 1.1 Background and Context .................................................................................. 29 1.2 Project Proponent ............................................................................................. 32 1.3 Status of Solid Waste Management in Egypt .................................................... 33 1.3.1 Status of Solid Waste Management in Cairo Governorate ................... 34 1.3.2 Status of Solid Waste Management in Qalyoubia Governorate ................. 34 1.4 Scope of the Preliminary ESIA ......................................................................... 35 1.5 Objective of the ESIA Study ............................................................................. 36 1.6 Methodology of the study ................................................................................. 36 2 Project Description.................................................................................................. 37 2.1 Project Location ............................................................................................... 37 2.2 Components of the Proposed Project ................................................................ 39 2.2.1 Capacity and Age of the Proposed Project ................................................ 40 2.3 Construction and Operation Activities .............................................................. 41 2.3.1 Entrance of the IWMF-10R ...................................................................... 42 2.3.2 Access to Infrastructure ............................................................................ 42 2.3.3 Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and First Burial Cell ..................................... 42 2.3.4 Shared C&D Waste Treatment Facility..................................................... 51 3 Legal and Institutional Framework .......................................................................... 56 3.1 National Legal Framework ............................................................................... 56 3.1.1 The Egyptian Environmental Law No.4 of Year 1994 .............................. 56 Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Cairo Governorates) PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT iii 3.1.2 Other Egyptian Environmental and Social Laws Applicable ..................... 63 3.1.3 Waste Management Regulations............................................................... 64 3.1.4 Water and Wastewater Management Regulations ..................................... 67 3.1.5 Work Environment and Occupational Health and Safety .......................... 68 3.1.6 Laws Related to Traffic ............................................................................ 72 3.1.7 EEAA EIA Guidelines Related to the Public Consultation........................ 73 3.1.8 Cultural Heritage ...................................................................................... 73 3.1.9 Land Acquisition Laws ............................................................................ 73 3.1.10 Legal Framework Summary ..................................................................... 74 3.1.11 Egyptian Law Enforcement Authorities .................................................... 77 3.1.12 The Relevant International Treaties Signed by Egypt ............................... 77 3.1.13 Penalties ................................................................................................... 78 3.2 International Standards and Guidelines ............................................................. 79 3.2.1 World Bank Requirements ....................................................................... 79 3.2.2 World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines ............ 84 3.3 Gap Analysis for Key Egyptian and WB Environmental and Social Standards .. 85 3.3.1 Gap Analysis for ESSs and National Laws ............................................... 85 3.3.2 Gap Analysis for Key Egyptian and WB Environmental Quality Limits ... 88 4 Environmental and Social Baseline ......................................................................... 93 th 4.1 10 of Ramdan Location .................................................................................. 93 th 4.2 Ecological Characteristics of 10 of Ramadan .................................................. 94 4.2.1 Natural Reserves and Protectorates ........................................................... 94 4.3 Climate and Meteorology in 10th of Ramadan City .......................................... 94 4.3.1 Temperature ............................................................................................. 94 4.3.2 Wind ........................................................................................................ 95 4.4 Natural Characteristics of the Project Location ................................................. 97 4.4.1 Proposed Project site Location ................................................................. 97 Qalyoubia Sanitary Landfill and Shared C&D Treatment Facility (Qalyoubia and Cairo Governorates) PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT iv 4.4.2 Topography .............................................................................................. 98 4.4.3 Geology and Soil ...................................................................................... 98 4.4.4 Seismic Activity ..................................................................................... 102 4.5 Traffic ............................................................................................................ 103 4.6 Ambient Air Quality in the Project Location ................................................... 109 4.6.1 Air Quality Assessment .......................................................................... 109 4.6.2 Rainfall .................................................................................................. 110 4.7 Socio-Economic Baseline ............................................................................... 113 4.7.1 General Background ............................................................................... 113 4.7.2 Sharqia Administrative Divisions ........................................................... 113 4.7.3 Land Use and Distribution in the Project Area ........................................ 115 4.7.4 Demographic Profile .............................................................................. 117 4.7.5 Social Services Profile............................................................................ 117 4.7.6 Infrastructure, Utilities and Services ....................................................... 118 4.7.7 Health .................................................................................................... 119 4.7.8 NGOs ..................................................................................................... 119 4.7.9 The informal sector for solid waste collection ........................................ 120 4.8 Site Adequacy for intended Use ...................................................................... 121 5 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation .................................. 122 5.1 Overview of the Environmental and Social Aspects ........................................ 123 5.1.1 Construction

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