TRANSACTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY ESTABLISHED NOVEMBER 13, 1807. SECOND SERIES. VOLUME I. PART THE SECOND. Quod si cui mortalium cordi et curae sit, non tantum inventis haerere, atque iis uti, sed ad ulteriora penetrare; atque non disputando adversarium, sed opere naturam vincere ; deni- que non belle et probabiliter opinari, sed certo et ostensive scire; tales, tanquam veri scien- t'tarum filii, nobis (si videbitur) se adjungant. Novum Organuniy Prwfatio. LONDON: PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, SHOE LANE. SOLD AT THE HOUSE OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, No. 20, BEDFORD STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1824. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, ELECTED FEBRUARY 6, 1824. PRESIDENT. Rev. WILLIAM BUCKLAND, F.R.S. & L.S. Prof. Geo. and Min. Oxford. VICE-PRESIDENTS. ARTHUR AIKIN, Esq. F.L.S. I G. BELLAS GREENOUGH, Esq. F.R.S. & L, JOHN BOSTOCK, M.D. F.R.S. L.S. & H.S. | HENRY WARBURTON, Esq. F.R.S. SECRETARIES. CHARLES LYELL, Esq.F.L.S. \ THOMAS WEBSTER, Esq. FOREIGN SECRETARY. HENRY HEULAND, Esq. TREASURER. JOHN TAYLOR, Esq. COUNCIL. Sir THOMAS DYKE ACLAND, Bart. M.P. WILLIAM HENRY FITTON, M.D. F.R.& JOHN DUKE OF BEDFORD, F.L. & H.S. THOMAS HORSFIELD, M.D. F.L.S. ALEXANDER CALDCLEUGH, Esq. F.L.S. WILLIAM HASELDINE PEPYS, Esq. F.R.S. WILLIAM CLIFT, Esq. F.R.S. L.S. & H.S. Major THOMAS COLBY, LL.D. F.R.S. L. & E. Rev. ADAM SEDGWICK, M.A. F.R.S. Wood- H. T. COLEBROOKE, Esq. F.R.S.L.&E. F.L. wardian Professor, Cambridge. & AsiatS. J CHARLES STOKES, Esq. F.R.S. S.A. & L.S. Sir ALEXANDER CRICHTON, M.D. F.R. I & L.S. Hon. Mem. Imp. Acad. St. Petersburgh. I KEEPER OF THE MUSEUM AND DRAUGHTSMAN. THOMAS WEBSTER, Esq. TRUSTEES OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. GEORGE BELLAS GREENOUGH, Esq. I ROBERT FERGUSON, Esq. Sir ABRAHAM HUME, Bart. J SAMUEL WOODS, Eso. WILLIAM BABINGTON, M.D. f JOHN WHISHAW, Esq. ADVERTISEMENT. THE Editors of the Transactions of the Geological Society are directed to make it known to the Public, that the Authors alone are respon­ sible for the facts and opinions contained in their respective papers. It is requested that all letters and communications to the Secretaries, and presents to the Society,x may be addressed to the House of the Geological Society, No. 20, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, London. NOTICE. THE Council of the Geological Society have recently taken upon themselves the charge and management of the publication of their TRANSACTIONS, for the purpose of reducing the price, and thereby promoting the diffusion of Geological information. With this view they have adopted a page more full than that of the preceding volumes, and have employed Lithographic Plates instead of Engravings on Copper, wherever the substitution could be effected without injury to the correct illustration of the subjects represented. As the Transactions of the Geological Society will thus assume a form in some measure new, the Council, for the convenience of purchasers, have deter­ mined to commence a New Series of volumes;—that now published being Volume I. Second Series. LONDON, July 3, 1822. .