Who is Anonymous?atica (2004- Pre ram sent) dia D Anonymous is a loosely associated international lope WHY THE MASK? cyc network of activist and hacktivist entities. En A website nominally associated with the group describes it as "an internet gathering" with P ro "a very loose and decentralized command je ct C structure that operates on ideas rather h a n than directives”. The group became o lo known for a series of well-publicized ) g 3 y 0 ( publicity stunts and distributed 0 2 2 0 denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on ( 0 N 8 ) government, religious, and A H C corporate websites. 4 The Guy Fawkes mask is a depiction “Anons” have publicly of Guy Fawkes, the best-known supported WikiLeaks and member of the Gunpowder Plot, an the Occupy Movement. attempt to blow up the House of Lords in London in 1605. A stylized version, designed by illustrator David Lloyd, came to represent broader protest after it was used ) t as a major plot element in “V for n O e p s Vendetta”, published in 1982, and e e r r its 2006 lm adaptation. After a P - t i 3 appearing in Internet forums, the o 1 n 0 mask became a well-known : 2 P ( a symbol for Anonymous, used in r y e t HACKTIVISM: b Project Chanology, the Occupy n a i Main Targets c movement, and other anti-govern- k W i Hacktivism (a portmanteau of e US Government s ment and anti-establishment f a a Israeli Government hack and activism) is the use S protests around the world. B : i t n Tunisian Government of computers and computer c o h i t Ugandan Government ( networks to promote political a 2 r Child pornography sites 0 e 1 ends, chiey free speech, human p Copyright protection agencies 0 O ) rights, and information ethics. It is The Westboro Baptist Church WHAT IS A DDoS ATTACK? carried out under the premise that PayPal In computing, a denial-of-service (DoS) or proper use of technology can produce MasterCard distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is an results similar to those of conventional Visa attempt to make a machine or network resource acts of protest, activism, and Sony unavailable to its intended users. civil disobedience. Although the means to carry out, the motives for, and targets of a DoS attack vary, it generally consists of eorts to T temporarily or indenitely interrupt or suspend services of a ) h 2 e 1 O 0 2 c - c 1 u 1 p 0 y 2 ( M t o host connected to the Internet. n v e e m.