2019 2019 POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK POLISH CULTURE POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK NCK_17_rocznik_kultury_polskiej_ang_2019_okladka_18mm.indd 1 02.04.2020 06:41:38 2019 POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK Warsaw 2020 INTRODUCTION Prof. Piotr Gliński, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Culture and National Heritage 5 POLISH CULTURE ON BALANCE – 15 YEARS OF TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE POLAND’S MEMBERSHIP OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Prof. Rafał Wiśniewski, Director of the National Centre for Culture Poland 9 1. THE 15TH ANNIVERSARY OF POLAND’S MEMBERSHIP OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 15 THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR CULTURE COORDINATES THE CELEBRATIONS OF POLAND’S 15TH ANNIVERSARY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION National Centre for Culture Poland 16 POLAND’S MEMBERSHIP OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN OPINION POLLS National Centre for Culture Poland 24 2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH CULTURE AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION 37 FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR POLISH CULTURE FROM EUROPEAN FUNDS Department of European Funds and Affairs, Ministry of Culture and National Heritage 38 CULTURAL PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED WITH EUROPEAN STRUCTURAL AND INVESTMENT FUNDS Department of Development Strategy, Ministry of Development Funds and Regional Policy 48 EUROPEAN FUNDS AND THEIR EFFECT ON HERITAGE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH CULTURE Department of European Funds’ Promotion, Ministry of Development Funds and Regional Policy 57 THE INTERNAL MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEM (IMI) AND ITS FUNCTIONING IN POLAND ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MODULE FOR THE RETURN OF CULTURAL OBJECTS Department of Cultural Heritage Abroad and Wartime Losses, Ministry of Culture and National Heritage 64 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE 3. BUILDING THE IMAGE OF POLISH CULTURE 71 PROMOTION OF POLISH CULTURE ABROAD Adam Mickiewicz Institute 72 POLONIKA AS A NEW CULTURAL INSTITUTION POLONIKA The National Institute of Polish Cultural Heritage Abroad 78 ACTIVITIES ORGANISED AS PART OF THE CELEBRATIONS OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF POLAND REGAINING INDEPENDENCE Office of the ‘Niepodległa’ Program 98 4. CULTURE IN 2004–2019 107 FINANCING THE PROTECTION OF MONUMENTS National Heritage Board of Poland 108 INVESTMENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MUSEUMS National Institute for Museums and Public Collections 117 POLISH STATE ARCHIVES AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Head Office of State Archives 144 READERSHIP OF BOOKS IN POLAND Book and Readership Institute, National Library of Poland 154 THE ROLE OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY IN SHAPING THE READING OFFER OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES Book and Readership Institute, National Library of Poland 160 EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES Foundation for the Development of the Education System 169 MODERNISATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE IN ART SCHOOLS Centre for Art Education 183 THEATRE INFRASTRUCTURE, PROJECTS AND ARTISTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF POLAND’S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION Zbigniew Raszewski Theatre Institute 191 EFFECTS OF INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR POLISH CINEMATOGRAPHY Polish Film Institute 197 CULTURAL PROGRAMMES ON POLISH RADIO Polish Radio 205 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE PAST 15 YEARS Tourism, Sport, Culture and National Heritage Statistics Division, Statistics Poland 211 CENTRES OF CULTURE IN 2018 Centre for Cultural Statistics, Statistical Office in Kraków 218 5. VARIA 227 SELECTED RESULTS OF A COMPREHENSIVE DIAGNOSIS OF CULTURAL CENTRES National Centre for Culture Poland 228 CELEBRATIONS OF THE CENTENARY OF POLAND REGAINING INDE- PENDENCE FROM THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE National Centre for Culture Poland 240 2019 INTRODUCTION Minister of Culture and National Heritage POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK POLISH CULTURE In 2016, the National Centre for Culture undertook to prepare a ‘handbook’ for anyone interested in learning more about Polish culture. Data and infor- mation presented in the Polish Culture Yearbook may prove to be a useful instrument for culture professionals, managers, activists and entrepre- neurs. It is a unique compendium of Polish culture that may also serve as a source of information for enthusiasts keen on following the activities of Polish cultural institutions. Consistently implemented by the National Centre for Culture, the initiative to collect and present current data regard- ing Polish culture inspires cooperation among Polish cultural institutions – co-authors of this publication. It is my pleasure to recommend to you the Polish Culture Yearbook as a publication that not only presents facts and figures, but remains also sensitive to events that have a significant effect on Polish culture. In 2019, we are celebrating the 15th anniversary of Poland joining the European Union (EU). Poland applied officially for EU membership in 1994. This started a long negotiation process that culminated in the signing of the Treaty of Accession of Poland to the EU on 16 April 2003 in Athens. Pursuant to this Treaty, on 1 May 2004, Poland, along with nine other countries, became a fully-fledged EU Member State. INTRODUCTION 5 In the jubilee year, we ask questions about the cultural policy of the EU. 2019 Pursuant to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the EU contributes to the flowering of cultures of its Member States, while respect- ing their national and regional diversity, and bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore. Culture constitutes an undeniable value to the Euro- pean community. Europe is characterised by the dynamics and a set of forces which Swiss philosopher Denis de Rougemont once described using the famous formula E = mc², where Europe (E) is the product of its mass (m) and exponential growth of its culture (c2). EU membership cannot be reduced only to its economic dimension. The EU is first and foremost a cultural community. As St. John Paul II said: ‘There will be no European unity until it is based on unity of the spirit. […] For the history of Europe is a great river into which many tributaries flow, and the variety of traditions and cultures which shape it is its great treasure. The foundations of the identity of Europe are built on Christianity.’1 Europe is not culturally homogeneous, but it is ‘united in diversity’2. This is a beautiful motto of the EU. Culture plays an extremely important role in the POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK POLISH CULTURE community, supporting the process of European integration. Culture cements European identity born out of European dynamics, strength and diversity. Pursuant to Article 3 of the Treaty on the European Union, it is the Union’s aim to respect its rich cultural and linguistic diversity, and to ensure that the cultural heritage of the Member States is safeguarded and en- hanced3. To this end, the EU has developed the framework of cultural policy. The current activities are included in the programme adopted on 22 May 2018 as a continuation of the 2007 European Agenda for Culture. The aim of the New European Agenda for Culture is to harness the potential of culture to drive greater social cohesion, economic growth, creativity, new 1 Homily of John Paul II on the 1000th Anniversary of the Death of St. Adalbert, delivered in Gniezno in 1997, available at: http://www.nauczaniejp2.pl/doku- menty/wyswietl/id/429 [in Polish, accessed on: 10 October 2019], http:// www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/homilies/1997/documents/hf_jp- ii_hom_19970603_gniezno.html [in English]. 2 The motto of the European Union, available at: https://europa.eu/european- union/about-eu/symbols/motto_pl [accessed on: 10 October 2019]. 3 The Treaty on the European Union, EUR-Lex [official website of European Union law], available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/ ?uri=CELEX:12012M/TXT [accessed on: 10 October 2019]. INTRODUCTION 6 jobs and stronger international relationships among Member States. The EU 2019 focuses on the sustainable development of European cultural resources. Culture is a valuable resource and development factor that promotes com- petitiveness. The objectives of the EU cultural policy are implemented through projects and support programmes with the participation of EU Member States which together create the European cultural sector. Throughout the 15 years of our membership of the EU, Poland has gained the opportunity to participate in networks of European cooperation in the field of culture. In 2016, the Polish city of Wrocław won the honour- able title of the European Capital of Culture, which allowed us to present the vast Polish heritage to other Europeans. An important initiative in this area is the European Heritage Label, a recognition awarded to buildings, places, objects and events recognised as milestones in the creation of Europe’s history and culture. Among Polish objects of European significance, the European Heritage Label has for example been awarded to: the city of Lublin and its monuments related to the conclusion of the Union of Lublin in 1569 between Poland and Lithuania; the Gdańsk Shipyard as a facility POLISH CULTURE YEARBOOK POLISH CULTURE related to the creation of the Solidarity movement; the Constitution of 3 May 1791 as an event; and the First World War Eastern Front Cemetery No. 123 (Łużna-Pustki) as a memorial site. These are but a few examples of initiatives implemented in Poland as part of the European cultural policy. There have been many more, with all of them constituting an important factor in the development of Polish cul- ture. In 2019, the year that marks the 15th anniversary of Poland joining the EU, it is worth reflecting on the impact of the EU cultural policy on Polish culture. To quote Saint John Paul II once again, Poland did not have to return to Europe because ‘she was already in Europe, having actively participated in its creation’4. I am deeply convinced that Poles have been part of the com- munity for centuries. However, Poland’s accession to the EU undoubtedly opened new possibilities for Polish culture. The Polish Culture Yearbook is a response to the need for a constant reflection on culture. Its fourth edition presents a panorama of phenomena and changes observed in Polish culture throughout the 15 years of Poland’s membership of the EU. I hope that the Polish Culture Yearbook 2019, with 4 John Paul II, Pamięć i tożsamość [Memory and Identity], Znak, Kraków 2005, p.