at a glance THE USE OF PROFILING IN MYANMAR SITTWE TOWNSHIP - RAKHINE STATE 2017 www.jips.org It was not just about providing human- itarian partners with data, but also guiding them through the process of trans- forming the data into action. Stephanie Matti, Sittwe Profiling Coordinator 1 Why a profiling ? Rakhine State, located in western Myanmar, is home to roughly 3.2 million people. Compared to the rest of the country, it is relatively underdeveloped. The majority of the population is Buddhist from the Rakhine ethnic group, and nearly three in ten people are Muslim. In 2012, two waves of inter-communal violence between Buddhists and Muslims in Rakhine State left dozens dead and tens of thousands of peo- ple displaced. As of the beginning of 2017, about 121,000 people, most of whom lived in Sittwe Township, were still residing in camps. While a significant number of assessments and data collec- tion activities had been conducted since the onset of the crisis, the methodologies used made it difficult to compare the situation between different camps and across sectors. In this context, the humanitarian community acknowledged the need for solid and comparable evidence on the displacement situation, including information on preferences in regard to eventual solutions to displacement and related needs. In order to establish a common evidence-base to inform a comprehensive response by the Government and humanitarian and development actors, a profiling exercise of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sittwe was launched by the Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) Cluster, the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), and the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), in coordination with the Rakhine State Government. DART Explore the data from the Sittwe camp profiling on dart.jips.org for your own analysis! 2 What difference did the profiling make ? Shortly after the publication of the Sittwe camp profiling report mid- 2017, large-scale violence broke out against Muslim populations in Rakhine State leading to a vast displacement crisis across the border to Bangladesh. Although this greatly affected the initially planned use of the profiling results, a clear impact was determined. The below are based on feedback received through interviews with the Profiling Coordinator and representatives from DRC and UNHCR in country. The profiling findings were Sound evidence- shared back with IDP commu- base on differ- nities through a film produced Communities ent sectors and for and by IDPs. This provided own their population data groups them for the first time with comprehensive data on their own situation with the aim of allowing them to act on the evidence-base. Providing comprehensive information on different sectors and four different population groups, the profiling findings were useful for advocacy and programming alike. This Useful- ness of Some of the information also enhanced a deeper the data for the collected through the profil- understanding of the Bangladesh ing exercise proved useful for situation of both displaced response the humanitarian response in and displacement-affected Bangladesh, especially against populations, including their the lack of baseline data dur- different characteristics and ing the initial phase of the dis- needs. placement crisis. This included information on population and household characteristics, as well as on former camp 3 structures. The whole exer- cise was very well received in Sittwe. People really respect the methodology and the results. That is why there has been so much buy-in and the results are being used widely. Sophie Everest, CCCM Coordinator, DRC, Sittwe 4 Having a clear vision from the outset on what we wanted to do kept us focused despite the endless twists and turns that come with the process of rigorously analysing [the situation of] Muslim IDPs [and other population groups] within Rakhine State. Edward Benson, former National CCCM Coordinator, Myanmar 5 How was the process shaped ? The profiling exercise, jointly JIPS provided technical support funded by ECHO and UNHCR, throughout the exercise, and was a collaborative process worked with Statistics Norway conducted by the members via the NORCAP roster to sup- of the CCCM Cluster. It was port the data analysis phase. co-led by the DRC and UNHCR, and coordinated with the Preliminary findings were Rakhine State Government. The shared and validated through profiling coordination structure workshops with various included : Clusters and other coordination mechanisms. These workshops A Technical Working represented an opportunity to Group (TWG) composed draw on the technical exper- of the Danish Refugee tise and thematic knowledge Council (DRC), International of key personnel from the Rescue Committee (IRC), Government as well as the International Organization humanitarian and development for Migration (IOM), community. Lutheran World Federation (LWF), Norwegian Refugee In addition, capacity building Council (NRC), PLAN activities were undertaken with International and Relief local and international part- International; and ners, including a training on data collection and information A Protection Working management and workshops Group led by UN OCHA to develop site maps for each and UNHCR. of the camps in Sittwe. 6 How was data collected ? A comprehensive analysis of the displacement situa- tion in Sittwe required investigating the situation of four main population groups covering displaced as well as non-displaced Muslim and Rakhine communities living in camps and villages respectively. The analysis process furthermore explored differences specifically among Muslim camps. The profiling exercise combined quantitative and qualita- tive methods, including : A desk review2 of existing socio-economic and humanitarian information, combined with key informant interviews to inform the methodology development ; Camp-mapping activities (see map 1 as an example) to fill data gaps on the number of shelters in certain camps. This information was useful to guide the enumeration of these areas and ensure all house- holds were covered ; A short enumeration carried out among Muslim communities to obtain the overall figures of house- holds living within them and to inform the sampling strategy ; A sample-based household survey conducted by Government enumerators in Rakhine areas and by camp management staff in Muslim areas in order to gain in-depth information on the situation of these populations ; 2 | Available Focus group discussions with members of the four at www.shel- target population groups to provide additional infor- tercluster.org/ rakhine/library/ mation on topics such as intra- and inter-communal camp-profiling- relations, social cohesion, and future preferences. 2016-2017-jips. 7 RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State RAKHINE, MYANMAR - Baw Da Pha 2 Camp Sittwe Township, Rakhine State e t a Map 1: Baw Da t S e n i Pha7 2 Camp h 1 k 0 r a 2 e R t y s l , u u l p J i C h 4 M s 1 C n C : C w n : o o i e T t r c u t e u c d w u e r t o c t t r r s i a P u S r f o f n o S i p a e t t m a a a D C D p 0 7.5 15 m m a C 0 7.5 15 m 0 7.5 15 m 2 a h P a D w Data Source a Camp Infrastructure Data Source B - CamMadrasaMpad rIansafrastructure Unidentified building Mosque Latrine CDaamtap iSnofruasrtcreucture: CCCM Cluster R CamMpad rIansafrastructure Unidentified building Mosque Latrine CDaamtap iSnofruasrtcreucture: CCCM Cluster A M 0 7.5 15 m ChildMChaidldr afriendly Fsraiendl y Space UVindiedoe nStpifaiecde building MCloinsiqcue LCaatmrinpe Boundry Camp infrastructure: CCCM Cluster N A 0 7.5 15 m Y 0 7.5 15 m spaceCMhoidldu lFarri eHnodulys eSpace VYoiduenog Sapnadc eInfant Feeding Centre C8 liUnnicit Temporary Shelter Camp Boundry M Date of Production: 14 July 2017 , Date of Production: 14 July 2017 E 0 7.5 15 m ModularMTeomdpuolarr ahouse rHyo Luesaerning Space YCoMuCn gO fafnicde Infant Feeding Centre 81 0U Unint itT eTmempoproarrayr yS hSehleteltrer N I Date of Production: 14 July 2017 H Temporary Learning Space CMC Office 10 Unit Temporary Shelter K DisclaimTemporaryTeerm: Tphoer naarym eLse ashronwinng a Sndp athce boundariesC uMsCed Oonff itcheis map do not imply offical endorseme1n0t oUr naictc Teeptmanpcoer abyry t hSeh Uenltieterd Nations or humanitarian partners. A Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply offical endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations or humanitarian partners. s R learningr space Camp Infrastructure e Data Source n t r Disclaimea r: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply offical endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations or humanitarian partners. y p r Disclaime r: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply offical endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations or humanitarian partners. n d a n i Camp Infrastructure r Data Source u a Data Source t CamMpad rIansafrastructure o UnidentifiedUnidentified building Mosque Latrine Camp infrastructure: CCCM Cluster i n B e a p n m i r u m t h a a building r Madrasa L C Unidentified building Mosque Latrine DCaamtap Sinofruasrtcreucture: CCCM Cluster