Programming Skills: A look back to peer into the future. Pete Massiello iTech Solutions [email protected] Twitter: PeteM59 1 Prehistory • The first Programming languages predate the computer. • Languages were codes • 1890 Herman Hollerith – Census data Early programming When do we start? • The Analytical Engine, an important step in the history of computers, is a design for a mechanical general-purpose computer first described by English mathematician Charles Babbage in 1837. It was the successor to Babbage's difference engine, a design for a mechanical calculator. The Analytical Engine incorporated an arithmetical unit, control flow in the form of conditional branching and loops, and integrated memory, making it the first Turing-complete design for a general-purpose computer. • Programming supposed to be by punch cards. Analytical Engine: Built 63 years later ENIAC • Designed in 1942 General-purpose Electronic computer • Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC). • Enormous speed advantage by using digital electronics with no moving parts. • Called Project-PX as its code name. • Started in 1943, completed in 1946 costing $500,000 ( $6,000,000 in 2010 dollars). • Designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the Army. • First project was computations for the hydrogen bomb. • Decimal based. Programming the ENIAC Operating ENIACs main control panel EDVAC • Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer • Binary serial computer with automatic addition, subtraction, multiplication, programmed division and automatic checking with an ultrasonic serial memory. • Capacity of 1,000 44-bit words, later set to 1,024 words: 5.5KB • 6,000 vacuum tubes, 12,000 diodes, consumed 56kW of power, and covered 490 Sq. Ft. Weighed 17,300 pounds. • Designed 1946 built and operational 1949. • Magnetic tape (Wire recorder). EDVAC What is a Programming Language • A programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely. • The earliest programming languages predate the invention of the computer, and were used to direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms and player pianos. Thousands of different programming languages have been created, mainly in the computer field, with many more being created every year. Most programming languages describe computation in an imperative style, i.e., as a sequence of commands, although some languages, such as those that support functional programming or logic programming, use alternative forms of description. Early Languages • 1837 - Analytical Engine Order Code – Charles Babbage • 1943 to 1946 - ENIAC coding System • 1943 – Plankalkul (designed) – First High Level • 1947 - ARC Assembly • 1948 – Curry notation system • 1948 - CPC Coding scheme • 1949 - C10 Languages of the 1950s • 1951 - Superplan • 1951 – ALGAE • 1952 – Autocode / AUTOCODER • 1954 – Fortran (Concept) • 1954 - IPL • 1955 – PACT I • 1956 – LISP (Concept) • 1957 – Fortran • 1957 – UNICODE • 1958 – ALGOL 58 • 1959 – COBOL (Concept) Languages of the 1960s • 1960 – ALGOL 60 • 1960 - COBOL 61 • 1962 – Fortran IV • 1962 - SNOBOL • 1963 – CPL • 1964 – BASIC • 1964 – IBM RPG • 1966 – Fortran 66 • 1967 – APL • 1968 – DIBOL-8 • 1969 – PL/I The great debate starts • Computers • Programming: Structured Programming GOTO Languages of the 1970s • 1970 - Pascal • 1972 – Smalltalk • 1972 – C • 1972 – Prolog • 1972 – SQL • 1975 - Modula • 1977 – Bourne Shell (sh) • 1977 – Commodore BASIC • 1977 – Green, Red, Blue, Yellow for Dept. of Defense • 1978 - VisiCalc My college Final Project Languages of 1980 • 1980 – Ada • 1980 - C with classes • 1982 – PostScript • 1983 – C++ • 1984 – Korn Shell (ksh) • 1984 – GOM (Good Old Mad) • 1985 – PARADOX • 1987 – Perl • 1987 – HyperTalk • 1987 – Turbo Basic • 1988 – SPARK • 1989 – FL (Backus) Languages of 1990s • 1990 – AMPL • 1991 – GNU E • 1991 – Python • 1991 – Visual Basic • 1992 – Borland Pascal • 1992 – Dylan • 1993 – Self • 1993 – Applescript • 1995 – Borland Delphi • 1995 – ColdFusion • 1995 – Java • 1995 – PHP Languages of 1990s (cont.) • 1995 – Ruby • 1996 – JavaScript • 1996 – Perl Data Language (PDL) • 1997 - Rebol • 1998 – Standard C++ • 1998 – Pikt • 1999 – Game Maker Language (GML) Languages of 2000s • 2000 – D • 2000 – C# • 2001 – Visual Basic .NET • 2003 – Scala • 2003 – Squirrel • 2004 – Groovy • 2005 – F# • 2006 – Cobra • 2008 – Pure • 2009 – Go • 2009 – CoffeeScript • 2010 - Fancy Generations • 1GL – UNIVAC 1 & IBM 701 – Machine language programs • 2GL – Machine specific but mnemonic Assembler • 3GL – More abstract & portable FORTRAN, LISP, RPG, & COBOL Continued growth & still in use • 4GL – domain specific, as SQL Code generators Evolution of Computer Programming languages Typical Programmers? Does anyone disagree? The average psychopath is excessively independent - sometimes to the point of mild paranoia. He/she is often egocentric, slightly neurotic, and he/she borders on a limited schizophrenia. Occupation or a personality ? Words to describe a programmer • Practical • Introvert • Alone • Socially Inept • Geek • Nerd • Logical Thinker • Analytical April 1967 – Women are natural Programmers Perhaps a little more Coffee Amazing what a few Billion will do Start young……. Gateway President Craig Jacquez at an Early Age How to successfully prepare your students for college? A recent Dot Net Rocks show…….Teach them early Remember back 10 to 15 years ago • Learn Java or Flip Hamburgers • No need for programmers after Y2K • Everything will be packages • COBOL/RPG are dead • Offshore programmers • The AS/400 is going away Job Concerns • Ability to Change • Competing against students • Ability to Change • Outside or off-shore programmers • Ability to Change • More company knowledge than programming knowledge • Ability to Change • It’s worked fine for 15 years, why change • Ability to Change • We don’t use ILE in this shop • Under the Radar Change • Break from your Comfort Zone • Coder, Designer, Business Analyst • Engineer or Artist • Learn a new Skill • See what co-workers are doing • See what other companies are doing • What if I pick the wrong new Skill? • Don’t be Afraid What Shape describes your skills? M a s t e r y ----------------------------- Skills ------------------------------------ Top 10 reasons you might be a has-been programmer? • Every program you write uses the RPG Cycle • You can write that program more efficiently in Assembler • You know what COBOL stands for • You boast that you know the IBM SE’s home phone number • You have the 15 floppy diskettes for Windows 3.1.1. • You have the yellow trifold EBCIDIC/ASCII Hex sheets • Your home internet is a dial-up modem • When you think DDS you think *PF & *LF, not Dentist • You think RPG stands for Report Program Generator • You wonder why there are no System/36 jobs on Monster. Current RPG Programmer needs: • Get your shop up to IBM i 7.1 • Learn and use SQL, ILE, & RPG-IV • Learn and use RDp (WDSc, RDi) • Learn HTML5 & XML • Create a webpage • Integrate an RPG program with the web • Learn and use PHP, DB2/Webquery • Learn mySQL & .Net • Learn Java, Javascript Frameworks (JQuery, JQuery Mobile, Sencha's Ext-Js, iUI, etc) Other skills • LINUX & Windows 8 • Business skills • Mobile Devices & mobile Apps • Cloud Computing • Refacing/modernization of the Interface (Open Access) • In-Memory Computing • Analytics • Strategic Big Data • Games • Integrated Platforms & Ecosystems • Explore, investigate, & play How will we get those skills • User Groups • Night Classes • Networking • On-Line courses • On-line discussion forums: Midrange-L, RPG400-L • Books, Podcasts, Blogs Exact Skills of the Future Skills are important but the future ……. • Attitude • Work-Ethic • Dress for success • Understanding the business & creating value • Coder, Designer, Business Analyst • Know your competition: Computer-Savvy Kids • Social Media: Facebook Twitter LinkedIn ……. • Ability to Change Who will be the successful programmer of the future? • Integrator Understands different Technology Knows the benefits of each Knows how to unite them Investment • Invest in yourself • Your compensation package should include: 1 Week of Education per year (COMMON) Reimbursement to attend monthly user group meeting • Company purchased training programs • Don’t make yourself unemployable • In every failed attempt, you will always learn something. Your Career ? Your Turn! How to contact me: Pete Massiello Email: [email protected] Twitter: petem59 .