To my father and mother, Chul Soo and Jung Ha and my wife, Hee Sub and my two sons, Suh Joong and Young Joong The Significance of Clothing Imagery in the Pauline Corpus Jung Hoon Kim Copyright © 2004 T &T Clark International A Continuum imprint Published by T&T Clark International The Tower Building, ll York Road, London SE! 7NX 15 East 26th Street, Suite 1703, New York, NY 10010 www .tandtclark.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. BWHEBB [Hebrew] and BWGRKL [Greek] PostScript© Type I and TrueType™ fonts Copyright© 1994-2002 BibleWorks, LLC. All rights reserved. These Biblical Greek and Hebrew fonts are used with permission and are from Bible Works, software for Biblical exegesis and research. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Typeset by ISB Typesetting, Sheffield Printed on acid-free paper in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 0-567-08246-6 CONTENTS Acknowledgments Yll Abbreviations ix General Introduction Part I CLOTHING IMAGERY IN ITS HISTORY-OF-RELIGIONS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION TO PART I 8 Chapter I CLOTHING IMAGERY IN THE OLD TESTAMENT 10 Chapter 2 CLOTHING IMAGERY IN OTHER JEWISH LITERATURE 30 Chapter 3 CLOTHING IMAGERY IN JOSEPH AND ASENETH 58 Chapter 4 CLOTHING IMAGERY IN THE HYMN OF THE PEARL 70 Chapter 5 CLOTHING IMAGERY IN MYSTERY RELIGIONS 79 Chapter 6 ROMAN APPAREL: TOGA VIR/LIS 92 Chapter 7 BAPTISMAL PRACTICES IN THE EARLY CHURCH 96 CONCLUSION TO PART I 102 VI The Significance of Clothing Imagery in the Pauline Corpus Part n THE CLOTHING IMAGERY IN THE PAULINE CORPUS INTRODUCTION TO PART Il 106 Chapter 8 CLOTHING WITH A PERSON (I): 'CHRIST' 108 Chapter 9 CLOTHING WITH A PERSON (Il): 'THE NEW MAN' 152 Chapter 10 CLOTHING WITH THE RESURRECTION BODY 193 CONCLUSION TO PART Il 224 GENERAL CONCLUSION 227 Bibliography 234 Index of References 251 Index of Authors 267 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Praise be to God, who has filled my needs with all manner ofblessings on my long and difficult journey through the wilderness of academia, in pursuit of my MA at the University of Durham and my PhD at the University of Glasgow, the result of which is this volume. During my period of research, as I faced many frustrations, serious illness, and academic and financial difficulties, he has provided me with superfluous grace through many different people for the completion of this thesis. Without their help, fulfillment of this writing task would not have been possible. I wish to express my gratitude to them all, only some of whom I can name here. First of all, I greatly appreciate the guidance of my supervisor, Dr Joel Marcus. Without his patient direction, this study would not have reached its end. His perceptive cri­ tiques and comments provided a highly valuable challenge and a stone to sharpen ideas relevant to the thesis. I also thank Dr John Barclay, who cared for my work when Dr M arcus was on his study leaves. He provided very profitable comments to point out the way. I extend my thanks to Mr John Bradley for his thoughtful help and to Mrs Johnston, the secretary for postgraduates in the Department of Biblical Studies, for her kind consideration of my various requests. I wish to give my profound thanks to Professor Bok Y oon Shin, the president of the Hapdong Graduate School College ofTheology, who has given me considerable encouragement since I embarked on my research. Special thanks should be dedi­ cated to Professor Chi Mo Hong, my former teacher at the University of Chongshin, who has bestowed great help with love and concern. I also wish to send my grati­ tude to Dr Yung Ki Yu, who has provided helpful guidance not only at the outset but also at the final stage of my research. The most significant gratitude should go to Dr Ho Duck Kwon, my Christian brother, who has patiently supported me for years and years; the same gratitude goes to the churches which have sent financial support through him. My sincere gratitude also goes to Rev. Seo Kyu Yang, Dr Byung Soo Cho, Dr Sang Won Lee and Rev. Chang Yoon Oh, who as college­ fellows have showed brotherly friendship and generosity. Over the last years, my family and I have experienced the wonderful provision of God, who has lavishly supplied all things of which we have needed through his faithful servants. I wish to give my warmhearted gratitude to Rev. Myung Hyuk Kim and the Kang-Byun Church, Rev. Byung Shik Park and the Song-Pa-Jeil Church, Rev. Yung Sun Park and the Nam-Po Church (which provided the Lamp scholarship), Rev. Hong Joon Choe and the Pusan Sae-Joong-Ang Church, and Rev. Sun Kyu Park and the Jun-Won Church. I am so greatly indebted to Rev. John and Mrs Susan Harding, who have given great Christian love. Mr Harding's loving care as well as his godly inspired prayer, vm The Sign[ficance of Clothing Imagery in the Pauline Corpus and Mrs Harding's flowers of encouragement from her garden and her modesty, consideration and wisdom will be long cherished. In particular, Mrs Harding bestowed unsparing effort in order to correct my English, and this was a truly efficient and concrete aid. I also thank the members of the Shettleston Free Church for their prayer, kindness and concern. It was a great joy to see them at the church every Lord's day. They silently showed me what presbyterian saints' piety is. The memory of the fellowship with Mr Brian and Mrs Brenda Norton will be lasting. Their devotion to God has resulted in the edification of the Durham Evan­ gelical Presbyterian Church, where I have been privileged to participate in the eldership. Brenda's considerate love and Brian's discreet care and his preaching, which is full of an evangelical boldness and conviction, and his exemplary life which exerts a sacrificial effort for the supply of human needs, will constantly be remem­ bered as a ministerial example. Specifically, the prayer meeting at Mrs Freda Blunt's house in Pittington and the Bible meeting at the home ofMr David and Mrs Glenys Brewis, will be continuously left in my heart as a happy memory. The fellowship with Mrs Helen Cook and her children will also not be forgotten. I am also grateful to Professor Kyu Nam Jung, the president of the University of K wang Shin, who has been a significant source of encouragement whilst rounding off the thesis. Finally, I would like to record a personal note. Without my parents' endless love and prayer, it might not have been possible to proceed with the research. Their sacrificial love has caused me to exclaim, 'Parents are indeed wonderful!' I also thank my sisters and brothers, Yong Sook, Jung Sun, Yoon Soon, Sang Hoon and Choong Hoon, and their spouses. Above all comes my inestimable debt to my wife, Hee Sub, whose loyal support has been magnificent throughout the period of this study and to my two sons, Suh Joong and Young Joong, who have shared every difficulty with their parents and who are our special joy. When we arrive at the Land of Morning Calm (Korea), we will remember the sound of Suh Joong's Grade 5 violin playing and Young Joong's keyboard at the Eagle Hights flat in Sighthill. I dedicate this thesis to my parents, my wife and my two sons, and thereby give all glory to God. ABBREVIATIONS I. General Items A Codex Alexandrinus ~ Codex Sinaiticus a or. aorist AV Authorized Version(= KJV) B Codex Vaticanus c Codex Ephraemi Syri D Codex Bezae f. female Gk. Greek HB Hebrew Bible IVP Inter-Varsity Press JB Jerusalem Bible KJV King James Version (1611) =AV Lat. Latin LXX Septuagint m. male MS(S) manuscript(s) MT Masoretic Text (of the OT) NASV NEW AMERICAN STANDARD VERSION n.d. no date NEB NEW ENGLISH BIBLE NIV NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION (1978) NJB NEW JERUSALEM BIBLE ( 1985) NT New Testament OT Old Testament par(s). parallel(s) pi. plural RSY REVISED STANDARD VERSION (NT 1946, OT 1952, Apoc. 1957) RV REVISED VERSION, 1881-85 2. Common~)' Used Relerence Works, Journals and Serials AB Anchor Bible ABC F.C. Eiselen et al. (eds.), The Abingdon Bible Commentary (New York: Abingdon, 1929) ABD Anchor Bible Dictionw)' ABRL Anchor Bible Reference Library AGAJU Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums AJT American Journal o.lTheology AnB Analecta Biblica X The Significance of Clothing Imagery in the Pauline Corpus AOT H.F.D. Sparks (ed.), The Apocryphal Old Testament (Oxford: Clarendon, 1984) APOT R.H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (2 vols.; Oxford: Clarendon, 1913) BAGD W. Bauer, W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich and F.W. Danker (eds.), Greek­ English Lexicon ofthe NT and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago and London: University of Chicago, 2nd edn, 1979) BBC Broadman Bible Commentary BETL Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium BFT Biblical Foundations in Theology BHT Beitrage zur historischen Theologie BKAT Biblischer Kommentar: Altes Testament BLG Biblical Language Greek BM Benediktinische Monatsschrift BNTC Black's New Testament Commentary BZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift fiir die neutestarnentliche Wissenschaft CBAA Catholic Biblical Association of America CBC Cambridge Bible Commentmy on the New English Bible CBNS Century Bible New Series CBNTS Coniectanea Biblica New Testament Series CBQ