COMPARATIVE CIVILIZATIONS REVIEW No. 84 Spring 2021 Editor's Note Letter from the President Peer Reviewed Articles Do All Roads Lead to Rome? Exploring the Underlying Logics of Similar Policies and Practices of Recruiting Barbarian Soldiers in Roman and Early Chinese Empires Crusading as Philosophical Construct:Thoughts and Actions of Pope Urban II, St. Bernard, and Peter the Venerable Sustainable Civilization: Informatization Strategy From the Archives The Phenomenology of Civilization: A Dialogue Between Profs. Gabriel Breton and George Drury At Monteith College Letter to the Editor Book Reviews Indices of the Comparative Civilizations Review, No. 1 to No. 83 International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Managing Editor Joseph Drew Peter Hecht DeVry University Royal Holloway, University of London [email protected] [email protected] Executive Editor Book Review Editor John Berteaux David Wilkinson California State University Monterey Bay University of California Los Angeles Senior Editor Digital Media Editor Carolyn Carpentieri Potter Thomas Rienzo ISCSC Western Michigan University Senior Editor Senior Editor Tseggai Isaac Mary Frances Lebamoff Missouri University of Science and University of Maryland Technology Global Campus Senior Editor Editor-at-Large Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov Connie Lamb ISCSC Brigham Young University Online Content Manager Editor Emeritus Ellen Amatangelo Norman Rothman Brigham Young University University of Maryland Global Campus Peer Review Editors Leland Barrows John Grayzel Voorhees College Independent Scholar John Friedman Anne Hughes State University of New York Independent Scholar Old Westbury Rosemary Gillett-Karam Morgan State University ISCSC Leadership Lynn Rhodes President Michael Andregg Vice-President Peter Hecht Executive Director Table of Contents Editor's Note Joseph Drew ............................................................................................................................ 1 Letter from the President Lynn Rhodes ........................................................................................................................... 4 Peer-Reviewed Articles Do All Roads Lead to Rome? Exploring the Underlying Logics of Similar Policies and Practices of Recruiting Barbarian Soldiers in Roman and Early Chinese Empires Pengfei Su ............................................................................................................................... 5 Crusading as Philosophical Construct: Thoughts and Actions of Pope Urban II, St. Bernard, and Peter the Venerable Peter Hecht ............................................................................................................................ 37 Sustainable Civilization: Informatization Strategy Andrew Targowski ................................................................................................................ 64 From the Archives The Phenomenology of Civilization: A Dialogue Between Profs. Gabriel Breton and George Drury At Monteith College Kenneth Feigenbaum (Ed.) ..................................................................................................... 87 Letter to the Editor The Pahlavis and the Other Side of the Coins Ardavan Khoshnood .............................................................................................................. 112 Book Reviews David J. Rosner. Catastrophe and Philosophy. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books Publishers, 2019 Reviewed by John Berteaux .................................................................................................. 116 Christopher I. Beckwith. The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987 Reviewed by Constance Wilkinson ....................................................................................... 121 Max Weber. Politik als Beruf (“Politics as a Vocation”). Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2010 Reviewed by Bertil Haggman ............................................................................................... 130 Leonid Grinin. Macrohistory and Globalization. Russia: Uchitel Publishing House, 2012 Reviewed by Stephen T. Satkiewicz ..................................................................................... 134 For Our Authors Comparative Civilizations Review Style Sheet .................................................................. 137 Indices of the Comparative Civilizations Review, No. 1-83 Alexandra Travis, Regan Mozingo, David Wilkinson ........................................................... 139 CCR Articles Organized in Chronological Order ............................................................ 141 CCR Articles Organized by Author ................................................................................ 172 CCR Book Reviews Organized by Book Author ............................................................ 203 CCR Book Reviews Organized by Book Reviewer ........................................................ 222 This document is protected under copyright laws and international copyright conventions. 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Be sure to include on your paper itself your email address and your academic affiliation and position, or note that you are an “independent scholar.” Send your paper to CCR Managing Editor, [email protected]. ISSN: 0733-4540 Copyright © 2021 by the International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations. All Rights Reserved. Membership Please consider joining the ISCSC. Members receive a one-year subscription to this journal, are invited to attend the annual conference, and may participate in ongoing dialogues. Membership is open to all persons interested in civilizations. Go to www.iscsc.org for further information. Online Access This issue and previous issues may be accessed, searched by keyword or topic, and read at the following URL: http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr. There you will find the full issue plus individual articles and other matters (in pdf form) as contained in the printed version. Please note the links on the left of the landing page: • Journal Home • About This Journal • Editorial Board • Policies • Most Popular Papers • Receive Email Notices or RSS You may also select an issue to review (all the way back to 1979) or enter specific search terms in a box on the left side of the page. The Comparative Civilizations Review thanks our former Digital Media Editor, now Editor-at-Large, Connie Lamb, and her colleagues at Brigham Young University for making this free public access and electronically searchable index possible. Readers may also access all previous issues at https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/spc/index.php/CCR. Comparative Civilizations Review 1 Editor’s Note Spring 2021 We in the United States have been privileged to live recently during a period of immense social and political change. If we turn to our civilization’s intellectual progenitors and see from the perspective of those upon whose shoulders we stand, we can obtain guidance that enables us to explain, or at least place in some meaningful context, these changes in the flow of time. As Adam Ferguson, the Scottish thinker, wrote, we can look at certain figures, perhaps those more primitive, now departing from the scene, and observe “as in a mirror, the features of our own progenitors.” Are we living on the cusp of a set of sweeping changes which mirror those that scholars of our own civilization have explained? Or is this moment of change merely evanescent, dependent upon the variable whims of a few thousand voters in a half dozen small states? One can point profitably to many thinkers who explain such periods as the present one. I would note the groundbreaking theories of Claude-Henri, Comte de Saint-Simon. He laid out history as a series of alternations between organic periods