xi I v-s 1 'XV Li5 V9, t ¾ i 1' I'. -I's -'5 5* A ''.4 #1 l's, I'.. I. I t 1'; I 4* V I '1. '' A q-'-V I:' C iN I 0 I ''I * V V I 0 44; -y 'C tA-I, 4 ij .r Is 1 w I' op I-.,, Appendix E Applicant's Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Dresden Nuclear Power Station Units 2 and 3 Exelon Generation Company, LLC License Nos. DPR-19 and DPR-25 Appendix E - EnvironmentalReport Table of Contents 'Table of Contents Section Page Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................... E.AA-1 ChapterC 1hapter Introduction ......................: .................,: ....................... ............... : .....;.....:.... ................................. E.1-11 1.1. Purpose of and Need for Action ........ ...................... E.1-3 1.2 Environmental Report Scope and Methodology ................ ;.................... E.1-4 1.3 Dresden Nuclear Power Station Licensee and Ownership ..................... E.1-5 1.4. References .................. ................. .........* E.1-8 Chapter 2 Site and Environriental Interfaces ................................. E.2-1 2.1 Location and Features ............................................ E.2-3 2.2 Aquatic and Riparian Ecological Communities ...................................... E.2-4 S2.2.1 Hydrology and Water Quality . E.2-4 2.2.2 Aquatic Com m unities ................................................................. E.2-6 2.3 Groundwater Resources ........... -- " E.2-9 2.4 Critical and Important Terrestrial Habitats ...................... E.2-1 0 2.5 Threatened or Endangered Species ...................................................... E.2-11 2.6 Regional Demography ............................................................................ E.2-12 2.6.1 General Population ................................ E.2-13 2.6.2 Minority and Low-Income Populations ................... E.2-14 2.7 Economic Base ........... .......................................................... E.2-17 2.8 Taxes .................................................................................................... E .2-19 2.9 Land Use Planning ................................................................................. E.2-20 "2.10 Social Services and Public Facilities ............... E.2-22 2.10.1 Public W ater Supply ................................... .............................. E.2-22 2.10.2 Transportation .................................... E.2-22 2.11 A ir Q uality ............................................................................................... E.2-23 2.12 Historic and Archaeological Resources . .......... E.2-24 2.13 Other Projects and Activities ............................... E.2-26 "2.14 References ............................................ E.2-48 Chal~ter 3 Proposed Action ............................................. E.3-1 "3.1 General Plant Inform ation ....................................................................... E.3-4 3.1.1 Reactor and Containment Systems ............................................ E.3-4 3.1.2 Cooling and Auxiliary Water Systems ..................................... E.3-4 3.1.3 Transmission Facilities .................................... ;.......................... E.3-7 3.2 Refurbishment Activities ............................ ....... E.3-9 3.3 Programs and Activities for Managing the Effects , of Aging .................... E.3-10 3.4 Em ploym ent .... .... ..... .................................................................. E.3-11 3.5 References ........................................................ E.3-17 Chapter 4 Environmental Consequences of the Proposed Action and Mitigating - A ctions .............................................................................................................. E .4-1 4.1 Water Use Conflicts (Plants with Cooling Ponds'or Cooling Towers -Using Makeup Water from a Small River with Low Flow) ....................... E.4-7 4.2 Entrainment of Fish and Shellfish in Early Life Stages ........................... E.4-9 4.3 Impingement of Fish and Shellfish ............... ....................................... E.4-1 I 4.4 Heat Shock ............................................. E.4-12 4.5 Groundwater Use Conflicts ..................................... ........................... E.4-13 Dresden Page E.iii License Renewal Application Appendix E - EnvironmentalReport Table of Contents Table of Contents (Continued) Section Paqe 4.6 Groundwater Use Conflicts (Plants Using Cooling Towers or Cooling Ponds that Withdraw Makeup Water from a Small River) ...................... E.4-14 4.7 Groundwater Use Conflicts (Plants Using Ranney Wells) ...................... E.4-16 4.8 Degradation of Groundwater Quality ...................................................... E.4-17 4.9 Impacts of Refurbishment on Terrestrial Resources .............................. E.4-18 4.10 Threatened or Endangered Species ....................................................... E.4-19 4.11 Air Quality During Refurbishment (Non-Attainment and Maintenance Areas) ................................................ E.4-20 4.12 Impact on Public Health of Microbiological Organisms ........................... E.4-21 4.13 Electromagnetic Fields - Acute Effects .................................................. E.4-23 4.14 Housing Im pacts ..................................................................................... E.4-25 4.15 Public Utilities: Public Water Supply Availability .................................... E.4-27 4.16 Education Impacts from Refurbishment .................................................. E.4-29 4.17 O ffsite Land Use ..................................................................................... E.4-30 4.17.1 Refurbishm ent ............................................................................. E.4-30 4.17.2 License Renewal Term .......................... ......... E.4-31 4.18 Transportation .............................................. .................................... E .4-34 4.19 Historic and Archaeological Resources .................................................. E.4-35 4.20 Severe Accident Mitigation Alternatives (SAMA) .................................... E.4-37 4.20.1 M ethodology ................................................................................ E.4-37 4.20.2 Dresden PSA Model .................................................................... E.4-38 4.20.3 Dresden Level 3 PSA Analysis .................................................... E.4-39 4.20.3.1 A nalysis ....................................................................... E .4-39 4.20.3.2 Population ................................................................... E .4-39 4.20.3.3 Economy ..................................................................... E.4-39 4.20.3.4 Agriculture ............................... E.4-40 4.20.3.5 Nuclide Release .......................................................... E.4-40 4.20.3.6 Evacuation .................................................................. E.4-40 4.20.3.7 Meteorology ............................................................... E.4-41 4.20.3.8 MACCS2 Results ............................. I........................... E.4-41 4.20.4 Cost Benefit Analysis ... E.4-41E............................................................... 4.20.4.1 Off-Site Exposure Cost ............................................... E.4-41 4.20.4.2 Off-Site Economic Cost Risk (OECR) ......................... E.4-42 4.20.4.3 On-Site Exposure Cost Risk.. ................. E.4-42 4.20.4.4' On-Site Cleanup and Decontamination Cost .............. E.4-43 4.20.4.5 Replacement Power Cost ........................................... E.4-43 4.20.4.6 Total ............................................................................ E .4-44 4.20.5 Phase I SAMA Analysis: SAMA Candidates and Screening P rocess ....................................................................................... E .4-44 4.20.6 Phase II SAMA Analysis .............................................................. E.4-45 4.20.6.1 Phase II SAMIA Number 1 ........................................... E.4-45 4.20.6.2 " Phase II SAMA Number 2 .................... E.4-46 4.20.6.3 Phase II SAMA Number 3 .......................................... E.4-46 4.20.6.4 Phase II SAMA Number 4 ........................................... E.4-47 4.20.6.5. Phase II SAMA Number 5 ........................................... E.4-47 Page Eiv Dresden License Renewal Application Appendix E - EnvironmentalReport Table of Contents Table of Contents (Continued) Section Paqe 4.20.6.6 Phase II SAMA Number 6 ....... ................................... E.4-47 4.20.6.7 Phase II SAMA Number 7 ..... ............... E.4-48 4.20.6.8 Phase II SAMA Number 8 ........................................... E.4-48 4.20.6.9 Phase II SAMA Number 9 .................... E.4-48 4.20.6.10 Phase II SAMA Number 10 ....................................... E.4-49 4.20.7 Phase II SAMA Analysis Summary ........................ ................. E.4-49 4.20.8 Conclusions ............................ :..: ................................................ E.4-50 4.21 References ........................................... E.4-66 Chapter 5 Assessment of New and Significant Information .............................................. E.5-1 5.1 Discussion .................. ........................... E.5-3 5.2 References ............................................................................................ E .5-4 Chapter 6 Summary of License Renewal